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1.
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(8)
为了解山东省饲料原料及配合饲料中霉菌毒素含量及污染状况,随机采集于山东各地饲料原料2 237份,配合饲料1 432份,利用上转发光竞争抑制免疫层析法分别测定了黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB_1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)和呕吐毒素(DON)含量。结果表明:饲料原料中AFB_1污染率为39.20%,超标率为7.18%;ZEN污染率为43.23%,超标率为12.82%;DON污染率为62.58%,超标率为1.79%。玉米及副产物应重点关注3种毒素的污染,小麦及副产物和米糠重点关注DON污染,花生饼粕重点关注AFB_1的污染;配合饲料中AFB_1污染率为45.88%,超标率为2.74%;ZEN污染率为57.05%,超标率为4.04%;DON污染率为77.37%,超标率为0.81%。配合饲料应关注鸭饲料及猪饲料3种毒素的污染,雏鸡饲料应关注AFB_1污染,生长及产蛋鸡饲料应关注ZEN含量,奶牛精料补充料应关注DON和AFB_1的污染。 相似文献
2.
《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2015,(11)
从市场采集猪配合饲料、鸡鸭配合饲料、玉米及其加工副产品、小麦及其加工副产品、豆粕、棉籽粕和米糠共292个样品,同时测定其呕吐毒素、黄曲霉毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮含量。结果表明,玉米及其加工副产品和小麦及其加工副产品中呕吐毒素含量较高,最高污染水平分别达5 296.3、3 566.2μg/kg,猪配合饲料呕吐毒素含量超标率7.9%;玉米及其加工副产品和棉籽粕黄曲霉毒素B1含量较高,最高污染水平分别达300、3 992.5μg/kg,猪配合饲料、鸡鸭配合饲料、玉米及其加工副产品和棉籽粕中黄曲霉毒素B1超标率分别为5.4%、8.5%、4.4%和33.3%;玉米及其加工副产品和小麦及其加工副产品中玉米赤霉烯酮含量较高,最高污染水平分别达1 686.3、1 378.9μg/kg,猪配合饲料玉米赤霉烯酮含量超标率达5.1%;饲料原料和饲料产品中存在呕吐毒素、黄曲霉毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮的共同污染问题,猪配合饲料和鸡鸭配合饲料中3种霉菌毒素的共同污染率分别达35.1%和42.9%。 相似文献
3.
我国饲料中黄曲霉毒素B_1污染的分布规律研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用酶联免疫(ELISA)法测定全国11个省份共计1013份饲料样品中黄曲霉毒素B1含量,了解我国饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1污染情况及分布规律。结果表明,饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1检出率高达99.51%,但超标率较低,平均为2.27%;不同省份饲料中黄曲霉毒素B1含量差异极显著(P<0.01),贵州省最高,河南省、四川省较高,福建省最低,其余7省居中;黄曲霉毒素B1含量由高到低依次为棉粕、家禽配合饲料、菜粕、玉米、仔猪配合饲料、麦麸、豆粕、鱼粉和小麦。我国饲料普遍受到黄曲霉毒素B1的污染,但饲料原料中黄曲霉毒素B1的超标率低,含量在不同区域和饲料种类间存在差异。 相似文献
4.
本研究旨在了解我国西南地区肉禽配合饲料中霉菌毒素的污染分布规律。从西南地区(四川、重庆、贵州、广西和云南)不同规模饲料厂随机抽取100份肉禽(肉小鸭前期、肉仔鸡前期和肉仔鸡后期)配合饲料样品,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)试剂盒初筛和高效液相色谱法复查测定样品中黄曲霉毒素B_1(AFB_1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZON)、呕吐毒素(DON)和伏马毒素(FB)的含量。结果表明,肉禽配合饲料中AFB_1、DON、ZON和FB的检出率分别为89%、96%、85%和94.74%,AFB_1和ZON的超标率分别为18%和5%,而DON和FB无超标样品;不同地区的肉禽配合饲料中AFB_1、DON和ZON的平均含量之间存在差异,其中,肉禽配合饲料中AFB_1含量最高的是重庆(11.76μg/kg),DON含量最高的是四川(1.23 mg/kg),ZON含量最高的是云南(0.26 mg/kg);不同品种的肉禽配合饲料中AFB_1含量由高到底依次是肉小鸭前期、肉仔鸡后期和肉仔鸡前期配合饲料,DON和FB含量最高的是肉仔鸡前期配合饲料,而ZON含量最高的是肉仔鸡后期配合饲料,不同品种肉禽配合饲料中4种霉菌毒素含量均差异不显著(P0.05);从不同规模饲料厂来看,大规模饲料厂(年产量10万t)的饲料产品的污染水平比小规模饲料厂(年产量2万~5万t)低,但是不同规模饲料厂肉禽配合饲料中4种霉菌毒素的含量均差异不显著(P0.05)。由此可见,我国西南地区肉禽配合饲料普遍受到AFB_1、DON、ZON和FB的污染,其中AFB_1的超标率较高,4种霉菌毒素在不同地区、不同品种和不同饲料厂规模的饲料产品中的含量之间存在差异。 相似文献
5.
《中国家禽》2021,(12)
为了解蛋鸡养殖中霉菌毒素的污染状况,采用荧光免疫定量检测技术对江苏3个地区3个养殖规模的27个蛋鸡场饲料与鸡粪中玉米赤霉烯酮、黄曲霉毒素B_1和呕吐毒素含量进行检测,分析其区域和规模间的平均含量及超标情况,评估其污染风险。结果显示:受检蛋鸡场中有14个蛋鸡场的饲料样中黄曲霉毒素B_1存在检出超标,其中1个超标6倍,其余超标在2～4倍间;区域分布差别明显,如:B地区6个(超标率66.66%),A地区3个(超标率33.33%),C地区5个(超标率55.55%),平均超标率51.85%。养殖规模间也存在明显差别,养殖规模≤1.0万只的蛋鸡场超标3个(33.33%),养殖规模1.0万～5.0万只的蛋鸡场超标7个(77.78%),养殖规模≥5.0万只的蛋鸡场超标4个(44.44%)。相对而言,玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素的污染较轻,均在国家标准限量以内。粪样中毒素检测虽未超标,但也存在受摄入污染饲料影响的可能。提示黄曲霉毒素B_1是调研地区蛋鸡场养殖中的主要潜在危害因子。 相似文献
6.
《动物营养学报》2016,(1)
本次研究旨在了解霉菌毒素在我国西南地区的污染分布规律。对西南地区(四川、重庆、贵州、广西、云南)来自不同规模饲料厂的蛋禽(蛋鸡、蛋小鸡和蛋鸭)的95个配合饲料进行霉菌毒素[黄曲霉毒素B_1(AFB_1)、玉米赤霉烯酮(ZON)、呕吐毒素(DON)和伏马毒素(FB)]含量检测,检测方法先用酶联免疫吸附测定试验(ELISA)法初筛,对含量超过国家限量值的80%的样品运用高效液相色谱法复查。结果表明:1)AFB_1、DON、ZON和FB的检出率分别为83.16%、93.68%、94.74%和100.00%,AFB_1和ZON的超标率均为3.16%,而DON和FB均无超标。不同省市之间蛋禽饲料产品中的AFB_1、DON和ZON的平均含量差异极显著(P0.01),其中AFB_1含量最高的是重庆,为10.9μg/kg,DON含量最高的是四川,为1.07 mg/kg。2)不同蛋禽饲料品种之间的4种霉菌毒素的含量差异均不显著(P0.05)。3)不同规模饲料厂中的蛋禽饲料样品的AFB_1含量差异显著(P0.05),其中AFB_1含量最高的是小规模饲料厂(年产量5万t)的饲料,为6.36μg/kg。由此可见,我国西南地区的蛋禽配合饲料中AFB_1、DON、ZON和FB的污染广泛,不同地区和不同规模饲料厂蛋禽饲料间的霉菌毒素含量存在差异。 相似文献
7.
8.
为了解2018年广东省饲料原料及配合饲料中霉菌毒素污染现状,本文通过问卷调查并结合部分企业的实地调研,对我省饲料企业的主要饲料原料(玉米、麦麸、面粉、DDGS及粕类)中霉菌毒素污染状况进行了调查,借鉴省级饲料检测机构部分抽检结果进行比对分析。结果表明:玉米、麦麸、面粉、DDGS、粕类(豆粕与花生粕)等5种饲料原料中,黄曲霉毒素(AFB1)的检出率分别为72.2%、64%、62.9%、91.6%、73.1%,超标率分别为11.1%、2.5%、3.7%、33.3%、9.7%;玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEN)的检出率分别为88.1%、71.7%、59.3%、91.6%、68.3%,超标率分别为41.8%、7.7%、0%、6.7%、0%;呕吐毒素(DON)的检出率分别为88.8%、100%、88.8%、75%、65.8%,超标率分别为31.4%、64.1%、29.6%、0%、0%。猪、禽及水产配合饲料中AFB1、ZEN和DON的检出率为83.3%~100%,赭曲霉毒素(OTA)的检出率为15.3%~29.%;但配合饲料中上述毒素含量均未超标。以上结果表明:2018年广东省饲料原料及配合饲料受霉菌毒素污染比较普遍,广泛存在AFB1、ZEN和DON等3种霉菌毒素的污染。 相似文献
9.
广西地区配合饲料霉菌毒素污染状况调查研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对广西分布在10个不同市县的19个规模化种猪场30批种猪配合饲料及全区的猪、牛、禽、鱼配合饲料47批,合计77批全区有代表性的饲料样品进行了6种常见霉菌毒素的检测,结果表明:①所测饲料普遍受到6种霉菌毒素的污染,呕吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马毒素、T-2毒素和黄曲霉毒素B1的检出率为100%。呕吐毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马毒素在所测饲料中污染较为严重,超标率为10.0%～100%;T-2毒素、赭曲霉毒素A和黄曲霉毒素B1污染相对较轻,未超标。②所检种猪配合饲料中至少含有一种霉菌毒素的污染率为100%,同时含有5种所检霉菌毒素的污染率为52.6%,同时含有2种超标的霉菌毒素(呕吐毒素和伏马毒素)的污染率为36.8%。③种猪场配合饲料比全区各地配合饲料样品污染要轻。 相似文献
10.
《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2017,(2)
为调查和了解楚雄州猪场饲料原料、自配饲料及成品饲料受黄曲霉毒素B_1污染的情况和特点,对楚雄州部分生猪养殖场的饲料及原料进行ELISA定量检测分析。结果:(1)玉米和豆粕检出率分别为50%和17%,麦麸中未检出;玉米有21%为中度污染,豆粕17%都为轻度污染;有检出的原料中仅玉米出现超标,为21%。(2)自配饲料仔猪料检出率为60%,超标率为40%,严重污染率为20%;自配育肥猪、种猪料检测率为54%,超标率为27%,中度污染率为23%。(3)成品仔猪料检出率为83%,超标率为27%,中度污染率为2.4%;成品育肥猪检出率为53%,但未出现超标,53%为轻度污染。结果表明玉米、自配料、成品仔猪料检出率较高,超标率也较高。该类毒素有极强的致癌性,可引起动物严重的生理病变及对人类造成间接危害,因此养殖场要引起重视,加强对黄曲霉毒素B_1的监测力度。 相似文献
11.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1986,27(9):324-328
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).
Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献12.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1989,30(6):504-508
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
13.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(10):323-327
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.
Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.
相似文献14.
15.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.
Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.
相似文献16.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1988,29(8):641-646
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
17.
Owen J Slocombe D McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1987,28(8):491-495
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).
Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.
相似文献18.
19.
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):347-350
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.
Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.
相似文献20.
Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1982 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：0
Slocombe JO McMillan I 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1983,24(7):227-229