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青海地区奶牛无乳链球菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
无乳链球菌是导致奶牛乳房炎的常见病原菌之一,为了掌握青海地区无乳链球菌的流行情况及常用药物的敏感性,从而为本地区更好的预防与治疗奶牛乳房炎提供保障。本试验在青海地区16个奶牛场共采集258份乳房炎乳样,经革兰氏染色与绵羊鲜血琼脂培养基培养纯化,获得疑似链球菌137株;随后经玻片法血浆凝固酶试验、CAMP试验、生化试验与动物致病性试验对无乳链球菌进行鉴定,结果显示,137株链球菌中含有无乳链球菌42株,分离率为30.7%;经K-B纸片扩散法对无乳链球菌耐药性检测结果显示,该地区无乳链球菌主要对头孢类高度敏感,对氧氟沙星、磺胺类、氨苄青霉素与阿米卡星中度敏感。 相似文献
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对从黑龙江省部分奶牛场患乳房炎奶牛乳汁中分离的10株疑似链球菌进行了培养特性、菌落形态、染色特性、生化试验等研究，确定5株为无乳链球菌，3株为停乳链球菌，2株为乳房链球菌。溶血试验结果表明，10株链球菌中有8株出现溶血现象，其中无乳链球菌有3株呈β溶血，2株呈α溶血；停乳链球菌均呈α溶血；乳房链球菌为y溶血。动物致病性试验结果表明，停乳链球菌BHI培养液腹腔接种小白鼠0.6ml,18-24后致死率达100%;接种无乳链球菌的小白鼠均有不同程度的发病,但未见死亡；乳房链球菌对小白鼠无致病性.药敏试验结果表明、链球菌对临床上常用的青、链霉素及磺胺类药物均已产生不同程度的耐药。而红霉素、喹诺酮类药物则表现出较好的抑菌效果。 相似文献
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为了解某奶牛场乳房炎主要致病菌和合理用药,该试验对乳房炎奶牛取样1 15份,开展了分离鉴定和药敏试验.结果表明,该场主要致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、大肠埃希菌、乳房链球菌和沙门菌;主要病原菌均对头孢喹诺和左氧氟沙星高度敏感. 相似文献
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《动物医学进展》2016,(12)
为了解吉林省各地区奶牛乳房炎发病情况,以便于科学合理防治该病,对长春市、吉林市、白城市以及延吉等多个大型奶牛场200份乳样进行了细菌分离与鉴定,并对其主要致病菌进行敏感药物筛选试验。结果显示,导致吉林省奶牛乳房炎发生的主要病原菌为大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、无乳链球菌以及停乳链球菌等,在检出的267株病原菌中,金黄色葡萄球菌98株,占36.70%;无乳链球菌65株,占24.34%;停乳链球菌57株,占21.35%;大肠埃希菌43株,占16.10%;其他菌4株,占1.5%。4种病原茵对丁胺卡那霉素、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、头孢噻肟以及万古霉素均高度敏感,但对青霉素、链霉素、红霉素、庆大霉素等具有较强的耐药性,因此丁胺卡那霉素、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、头孢噻肟以及万古霉素可以作为吉林省奶牛乳房炎治疗的首选药物。 相似文献
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为查清渭南地区奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌的种类及其药物敏感情况,为本地区奶牛乳房炎的防治提供理论依据,对渭南地区部分奶牛场采集39份临床型或隐性乳房炎乳样进行细菌分离鉴定,并对主要病原菌进行药敏试验。结果表明:从所测乳样中检查出细菌48株,其中金黄色葡萄球菌18株,占37.5%;大肠杆菌14株,占29.2%;无乳链球菌9株,占18.7%;乳房链球菌5株,占10.4%;停乳链球菌2株,占4.2%。主要病原菌对各药物敏感性不同,其中对头孢喹诺、头孢曲松钠、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星均高度敏感,对青霉素、红霉素、克林霉素等有较强的耐药性。 相似文献
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为研究西藏拉萨市林周县牦牛乳理化指标和乳房炎主要病原菌,采集牦牛乳样品100份,开展乳理化指标和主要病原菌检测。采用CMT法筛选隐性乳房炎病例,针对筛选出隐性乳房炎阳性乳样20份进行病原菌分离鉴定,共分离出11种52株细菌,通过鉴定,其中包含4株凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌,10株金黄色葡萄球菌,2株停乳链球菌,2株乳房链球菌,1株粪链球菌,8株无乳链球菌,6株大肠埃希菌,4株真菌。乳房炎63.5%的病例是由链球菌、葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌引起,结果证实,链球菌、葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌是导致林周县牦牛乳房炎的主要病原菌。 相似文献
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对呼市地区部分奶牛场64头奶牛的256份乳样随机取样64份进行细菌分离鉴定,并选择主要致病菌进行动物致病性试验和药物敏感性试验。引起本地区奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌为停乳链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、克雷伯氏菌等,多数引起奶牛乳房炎的病原菌的致病力不强,但这些细菌在乳房内繁殖和产生的毒素、代谢产物等可造成乳房出现炎症,各养殖场分离菌对试验中所使用抗菌药物的敏感性差异极大。 相似文献
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奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌的分离与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
奶牛乳房炎是奶牛常见病和多发病之一，其病因复杂，难以防制，给奶牛饲养业带来了巨大的经济损失。作者通过对某奶牛场的奶牛临床型乳房炎病原菌进行分离、鉴定，从105份样品中共分离出76株细菌，经培养特性、染色镜检、生化鉴定等试验，鉴定出无乳链球菌58株，占分离菌的76.32%；大肠杆菌18株，占分离菌的23.68%。本试验结果表明，无乳链球菌是奶牛临床型乳房炎的主要病原菌，其次是大肠杆菌。这为奶牛乳房炎的防制提供了重要依据。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医科技信息》2019,(12)
黑龙江省某奶牛场奶牛乳房炎发病率高,牛乳中体细胞超标严重,严重影响该奶牛场的经济效益。为了明确引起该奶牛场奶牛乳房炎的主要致病病原菌,筛选敏感药物给出治疗方案。本实验对该奶牛场中30份奶牛乳房炎乳汁进行乳样处理、细菌培养、药敏试验及DNA提取和PCR扩增。通过DNA提取和PCR扩增确定其主要致病病原菌大多为无乳链球菌、停乳链球菌、肠球菌及少量金黄色葡萄球菌。乳样中并未检测出支原体、乳房链球菌及变形杆菌。药敏试验结果表明,该场患病奶牛对阿莫西林、头孢噻呋钠敏感,对一种商品名为惠可宁的硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂耐药性明显。最终得出该厂患乳房炎奶牛的乳汁中分离出的细菌大多数为停乳链球菌,无乳链球菌,肠球菌和少量的金黄色葡萄球菌。当本地区奶牛检测为乳房炎时,可首选阿莫西林,头孢噻呋钠等敏感药物治疗,对奶牛乳房炎的治疗具有积极的指导意义。 相似文献
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Gao Guisheng Wu Tonglei Zhang Zhiqiang Yang Zongze Fu Zhixin Zou Fengping Gao Guangping An Jiwei Yao Weiping Shi Qiumei 《畜牧与饲料科学》2018,(1)
In this study, the milk samples of 1 021 cows in eight dairy farms in Eastern Hebei Province were collected and detected with LMT reagent and somatic cell count for subclinical mastitis. Pathogenic bacteria in subclinical mastitis positive milk samples were isolated and identified.The results showed that 60.63%(619/1 021) of the sampled cows were diagnosed with subclinical mastitis, and mixed infections accounted for 88.21%(546/619) of the cases. In addition, 82 strains of 14 species were isolated from the subclinical mastitis positive milk samples, including 36 strains of Staphylococcus(43.90%), 33 strains of Streptococcus(40.24%), 8 strains of Enterobacteriaceae(9.76%) and 5 strains of Corynebacterium(6.10%), respectively. The results proved that Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae are the main pathogenic bacteria causing bovine subclinical mastitis in Eastern Hebei Province. 相似文献
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奶牛乳房炎类型与病原菌感染之间相关性的研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
通过对 2 858份不同类型乳房炎奶样的细菌学检验 ,结果分得细菌共 2 4种 31 38株 ,其中分离鉴定出与乳房炎有密切关系的病原菌 1 2种 1 96 8株 ,病原菌检出率为 6 2 .72 %,各种类型乳房炎常见病原菌的区系分布总的趋势是一致的 ,绝大部分是以无乳链球菌为主 ,其次是停乳链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和乳房链球菌等。但不同类型之间、同一类型不同等级之间及隐性乳房炎泌乳期和干奶前之间奶样的细菌分布和细菌种类有所不同。乳房炎的轻重与病原菌检出率呈正相关。奶牛乳房即使在健康的状态下也存在着带菌现象 相似文献
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The economic benefit of treating subclinical Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis in lactating cows 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M Yamagata W J Goodger L Weaver C Franti 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1987,191(12):1556-1561
The economic benefits of treating lactating cows for Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis were studied at a large (689 milking cows) central California dairy. Postcure milk production of case cows (infected, treated, and cured) was compared with production of paired control cows (uninfected) and was matched for yield, days in milk, days in gestation, and parity. A simulation was used to plot expected lactation curves for mastitic cows (infected, not treated) with characteristics similar to those of each control cow, and these curves were compared with actual case-cow lactation curves. The difference in actual and expected production was used to calculate net economic benefits of treatment. Comparison of expected with actual production indicated a net benefit from treatment of $396/cow for cows treated in early lactation and $237 for cows treated in midlactation, but a net loss of $55 for cows treated in late lactation. Lactation number did not have a significant impact on economic benefits of treatment. In contrast to other studies indicating no economic benefit from treating mastitis during lactation, this study's positive results may have been attributable to the high cure rate (98%) and the subclinical form of mastitis being treated. Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis treatment during early and midlactation would appear to be an economically justifiable option for dairy managers. 相似文献
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A 31-year record-based retrospective study was carried out to determine the aetiology and temporal distribution of bovine clinical mastitis in smallholder dairy herds in the Dar es Salaam region of Tanzania over the period November 1971-December 2002. Laboratory information on 1964 quarter samples from 1365 cows in 281 smallholder dairy herds were retrieved, compiled and studied. Eighty-eight percent of the quarter samples were culture-positive and the predominant mastitis pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (25.7%), Streptococcus agalactiae (15.4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.3%) and Escherichia coli (14.1%). Other isolates included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.5%), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (5.2%) and Streptococcus uberis (4.2%). Contagious mastitis pathogens were isolated from 45.6% of the culture-positive samples, whereas environmental and miscellaneous pathogens were isolated from 48.2% and 5.7%, respectively. Thirty percent of the miscellaneous mastitis pathogens were Candida species. The results demonstrate a steady increase in clinical Candida albicans mastitis. The prevalence of Candida albicans has increased from 1% in 1971 to 17.0% in November 2002. Conversely, despite some fluctuations, the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, E. coli and K. pneumoniae remain above 10%. The possible risk factors for these observations are discussed. 相似文献
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Clinical mastitis in dairy cattle in Ontario: frequency of occurrence and bacteriological isolates. 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5 
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下载免费PDF全文 J M Sargeant H M Scott K E Leslie M J Ireland A Bashiri 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1998,39(1):33-38
The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of occurrence of clinical mastitis in dairy herds in Ontario. The study group consisted of 65 dairy farms involved in a 2-year observational study, which included recording all clinical mastitis cases and milk sampling of quarters with clinical mastitis. Lactational incidence risks of 9.8% for abnormal milk only, 8.2% for abnormal milk with a hard or swollen udder, and 4.4% for abnormal milk plus systemic signs of illness related to mastitis were calculated for 2840 cows and heifers. Overall, 19.8% of cows experienced one or more cases of clinical mastitis during location. Teat injuries occurred in 2.1% of lactations. Standard bacteriology was performed on pretreatment milk samples from 834 cows with clinical mastitis. The bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (6.7%), Streptococcus agalactiae (0.7%), other Streptococcus spp. (14.1%), coliforms (17.2%), gram-positive bacilli (5.5%), Corynebacterium bovis (1.7%), and other Staphylococcus spp. (28.7%). There was no growth in 17.7% of samples, and 8.3% of samples were contaminated. Clinical mastitis is a common disease in dairy cows in Ontario; approximately 1 in 5 cow lactations have at lease one episode of clinical mastitis. There is, however, considerable variation in the incidence of clinical mastitis among farms. The majority of 1st cases of clinical mastitis occur early in lactation, and the risk of clinical mastitis increases with increasing parity. Environmental, contagious, and minor pathogens were all associated with cases of clinical mastitis. 相似文献