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1.
应用非求导约束最大似然法（DFREML）对湖北白猪优质系生长和胴体性状的遗传参数进行估计。结果表明,湖北白猪优质系生长性状平均日增重（ADG）、90 kg体质量日龄（AGE）、达90 kg体质量背膘厚（BF）和饲料转化率（FCR）的遗传力估计值分别为0.42、0.34、0.22和0.48。各性状的窝效应变化范围为0.09~0.31。胴体性状遗传力变化范围为0.13~0.72,其中瘦肉率、胴体直长、肋膘厚、腿臀比、眼肌面积和肌内脂肪含量的遗传力估计值分别为0.65、0.72、0.48、0.67和0.32,均属于中高遗传力性状。生长性状ADG/AGE、ADG/BF、ADG/FCR、AGE/BF、AGE/FCR、BF/FCR的遗传相关分别为-0.72、0.25、-0.48、-0.17、0.55和-0.04。胴体性状肌内瘦肉率、眼肌面积和腿臀比与脂肪含量的遗传相关分别为-0.28、-0.15和-0.23,眼肌面积、腿臀比与瘦肉率的遗传相关分别为0.62、0.59。  相似文献   

2.
生长性状是猪重要的经济性状之一，提升生长性状是生猪遗传改良的主要目标。为鉴定与猪生长性状显著相关的位点，筛选与猪生长性状相关的功能基因，本研究利用GeneSeek Genomic Profiler(GGP)猪50K SNP芯片对1 805头大白猪百公斤日龄（Age to 100 kg,AGE）、百公斤背膘厚（Backfat Thickness to100kg,BF）、眼肌深度（LoinMuscleDepth,LMD）3个性状进行全基因组关联分析。结果显示，AIREMLF90软件计算AGE、BF和LMD遗传力分别是0.17、0.53和0.28，属于中高遗传力性状。AGE与BF遗传相关为-0.08，表型相关为-0.16，均为负相关关系。AGE与LMD遗传相关为-0.11，表型相关为-0.36，均为负相关关系。BF与LMD遗传相关为0.04，表型相关为0.12，均为正相关关系。AGE筛选到6个全基因组水平显著SNPs和10个染色体水平显著SNPs,BF筛选到11个全基因组水平显著SNPs和10个染色体水平显著SNPs,LMD筛选到3个全基因组水平显著SNPs和11个染色体水平显著SNPs。利...  相似文献   

3.
【目的】估计杜洛克猪(Duroc,DD)、长白猪(Landrace,LL)、大白猪(Yorkshire,YY)繁殖性状和生长性状的遗传参数,分析不同年份育种值变化的遗传趋势,为制定合理的育种方案提供理论依据。【方法】以杜洛克猪、长白猪、大白猪繁殖性状和生长性状的性能测定数据为研究材料,其中繁殖性状数据10 963条,包括总产仔数(total number born,TNB)、产活仔数(number born alive,NBA)、出生窝重(litter born weight,LBW)和21日龄窝重(litter weight at 21 days,LW21);生长性状数据25 257条,包括达100 kg体重日龄(age at 100 kg live weight,AGE)和达100 kg体重背膘厚(backfat adjusted to 100 kg,BF)。采用基于动物模型的最佳线性无偏预测(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)方法,使用ASReml统计分析软件进行遗传力、遗传相关和育种值估计。【结果】TNB、NBA和LBW的遗传力在0.08~0.20之间,LW21的遗传力在0.02~0.05之间;AGE和BF的遗传力在0.22~0.37之间。繁殖性状TNB、NBA、LBW、LW21的遗传相关系数总体分布在0.20~0.97之间,呈中等偏上正相关;生长性状AGE和BF的遗传相关系数分布在-0.07~-0.03之间,呈微弱的负相关。杜洛克猪繁殖性状的遗传趋势上升幅度较大,长白猪、大白猪繁殖性状的遗传趋势上升幅度较小;生长性状中AGE的遗传趋势均呈下降趋势,且下降幅度较大,BF的遗传趋势变化幅度较小。【结论】本研究对杜洛克猪、长白猪、大白猪繁殖性状和生长性状的遗传参数和遗产趋势进行了准确的评估,结果可为该育种场的育种工作提供参考。  相似文献   

4.
本研究选用法系（A群体）和托佩克（B群体）的杜洛克猪290头、长白猪178头、大白猪634头为实验对象,对不同遗传背景猪群体的饲料转化效率（FCE）相关表型性状包括平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）、饲料转化率（FCR）、剩余采食量（RFI）、100 kg背膘厚（BF）进行差异比较分析,并对3个生长阶段（30～70 kg、70～100 kg、30～100 kg）的饲料转化效率相关性状进行比较分析。结果表明,30～70 kg阶段猪的生长速度小于70～100 kg和30～100 kg,在B群体的3个生长阶段中,杜洛克猪的ADG高于其他猪种,而FCR低于其他猪种;大白猪的ADG低于其他猪种,而FCR高于其他猪种。3个品种中,30～70 kg阶段杜洛克的FCE在B群体中最高,长白猪的FCE在A群体中最低;在70～100 kg阶段中,大白猪的FCE在B群体中最低;在30～100 kg阶段中,杜洛克猪的FCE高于长白猪和大白猪。在杜洛克猪和长白猪中,低RFI的猪具有更薄的背膘厚。  相似文献   

5.
应用多性状动物模型DFREML方法估计了杜洛克猪新品系生长和胴体性状的遗传参数。生长性状平均日增重(ADG)、100Kg体重日龄(AGE)、达100Kg体重背膘厚(BF)和料重比(FCR)的遗传力估计值分别为0.48、0.30、0.21、0.57。各性状均存在明显的窝效应,变化范围为0.05-0.51。胴体性状宰前活重、胴体重、胴体长、肋皮厚、肋膘厚、眼肌面积、腿臀比、屠宰率和瘦肉率的遗传力估计值分别为0.17、0.49、0.58、0.19、0.76、0.50、0.48、0.55和0.37。生长性状ADG/AGE、ADG/BF、ADG/FCR、AGE/BF、AGE/FCR、BF/FCR的遗传相关分别为-0.35、0.33、-0.70、-0.38、0.25和-0.12。胴体性状屠宰率和瘦肉率与胴体重呈较强的正相关,分别为0.575和0.498;肋膘厚与宰前活重、胴体重、胴体直长呈正相关,与肋皮厚、眼肌面积、腿臀比、屠宰率和瘦肉率呈负相关,但相关程度不高。屠宰率和腿臀比与瘦肉率的遗传相关分别为0.687和0.558。  相似文献   

6.
本研究应用多性状动物模型DFREML方法估计了湖北白猪优质系生长和胴体性状的遗传参数。生长性状：平均日增重（ADG）、90 kg体重日龄（DAYS）、达90 kg体重背膘厚（BF）和饲料转化率（FCR）的遗传力估计值分别为0.42、0.34、0.22和0.48。各性状均存在一定的窝效应,变化范围为0.09～0.31。胴体性状：宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率、瘦肉率、眼肌面积、肋膘厚、腿臀比、胴体直长、肋皮厚和肌内脂肪含量的遗传力分别为0.13、0.21、0.32、0.45、0.67、0.52、0.48、0.65、0.72和0.32。生长性状ADG/DAYS、ADG/BF、ADG/FCR、DAYS/BF、DAYS/FCR、BF/FCR的遗传相关分别为-0.72、0.25、-0.48、-0.17、0.55和-0.04。胴体性状眼肌面积、腿臀比与瘦肉率的遗传相关分别为0.62、0.59,肌内脂肪含量与瘦肉率、眼肌面积和腿臀比的遗传相关分别为-0.28、-0.15和-0.23。  相似文献   

7.
本研究旨在分析安徽省3家(分别标记为1、2、3)国家生猪核心育种场大白猪、长白猪和杜洛克猪的场间遗传联系和主要性状的遗传参数,为目标群体的遗传评估奠定基础。利用DMU软件和动物模型计算了场间关联率,并估计了不同群体总产仔数(TNB)、产活仔数(NBA)、初生窝重(LBW)、达100 kg体重日龄(AGE)和100 kg体重背膘厚(BF)的加性遗传、永久环境和窝效应方差。其中繁殖性状共计24 933条,生长性状共计44 034条。结果表明:1场与其他场间没有关联,2场和3场的大白猪、长白猪和杜洛克猪场间关联率分别为3.4%、25.6%和13.8%。根据场间关联率把3个场分为2个群体(1场和2+3场),其中1场不同品种TNB遗传力估计值变化范围为0.03~0.09,NBA为0.05~0.07,LBW为0.07~0.10,AGE为0.54~0.56,BF为0.26~0.35;2+3场不同品种TNB遗传力估计值变化范围为0.05~0.07,NBA为0.05~0.06,LBW为0.02~0.09,AGE为0.58~0.59,BF为0.40~0.43。1场和2+3场永久环境效应范围分别0.03~0.10和0.13~0.12,窝效应均值分别为0.07和0.00。其中各繁殖性状的遗传力估计值偏低,但均在文献推荐范围之内,可望用于目标群体的遗传评估。  相似文献   

8.
对384头扬翔华系杜洛克公猪生长育肥阶段背膘厚度(BF)、日增重(ADG)、日采食量(ADFI)、饲料转化率(FCR)和剩余采食量(RFI)5个性状用DMU程序进行遗传参数估计探究杜洛克公猪的遗传参数。结果表明, ADFI和RFI的遗传方差占表型方差的比例分别为87.73%和84.91%;BF和ADG的遗传方差占表型方差的比例分别是58.77%和58.91%;RFI与BF、ADG的表型相关系数均为零,而遗传相关系数分别为-0.22和0.15;RFI与ADFI的表型、遗传相关系数分别为0.98和0.99,RFI与FCR的表型、遗传相关系数分别为0.44和0.81。多性状模型与单性状模型的估计遗传力基本趋于一致,ADG和FCR遗传力分别是0.27和0.19,属于低遗传力性状;而BF、ADFI和RFI的估计遗传力在0.31～0.46范围,属于中等遗传力性状。  相似文献   

9.
本研究旨在估计北京、天津地区长白猪、大白猪窝性状的遗传参数，为该群体进一步制定合理的育种计划和方案提供依据。收集种猪场2016—2021年3 906头长白母猪的11 583窝数据和22 070头大白母猪的62 210窝数据，利用R v4.2.2软件对影响窝性状的固定效应进行显著性检验，运用DMU 6.0软件对长白猪、大白猪的总产仔数（Total Number Born,TNB）、产活仔数（Number Born Alive,NBA）、初生窝重（Litter Birth Weight,LBW）、平均个体初生重（AverageBirth Weight,ABW）、仔猪均匀度（PigletUniformity,PU）进行遗传参数估计，采用单性状重复力模型估计各性状的方差组分，采用双性状动物模型估计性状之间的遗传相关，并分析分娩胎次对各性状的影响。结果显示：分娩场次、年份、胎次对窝性状影响显著（P<0.001），长白猪的TNB、NBA、LBW、ABW、PU遗传力分别为0.095±0.015、0.090±0.014、0.106±0.017、0.192±0.021、0.023±0.014，大白...  相似文献   

10.
旨在解析不同因素对大白和长白猪大样本群体繁殖性能的影响。同时估计大白和长白猪繁殖性状的遗传参数。本试验选取温氏2013-2018年5年间大白共65 546窝母猪繁殖记录、长白共9 552窝母猪繁殖记录进行研究。采用SAS软件GLM过程对母猪8个繁殖性状进行分析,解析母猪分娩胎次、出生胎次和情期3个因素对其繁殖性能的影响。同时利用DMU软件估计这些性状的遗传力、遗传相关和表型相关。结果表明:1)在影响因素分析中:在两个品种中,母猪分娩胎次对所有繁殖性状都有极显著影响(P0.001);在大白猪中,母猪出生胎次对5个繁殖性状影响显著(P0.05),情期对所有繁殖性状影响均不显著;而在长白猪中,母猪出生胎次对弱仔数和出生窝重有显著影响(P0.05),情期对5个繁殖性状影响显著(P0.05)。2)在遗传参数估计中:在大白猪中,出生窝重遗传力最高,为0.281,总仔数、活仔数、健仔数、弱仔数和死胎数的遗传力在0.117～0.179范围内;而在长白猪中,总仔数遗传力最高,为0.190,活仔数、健仔数、弱仔数和出生窝重的遗传力在0.100～0.176范围内;在遗传相关和表型相关上,大白猪的总仔数与活仔数、总仔数与健仔数、活仔数与健仔数、健仔数与出生窝重等遗传相关均在0.738以上,其表型相关在0.717以上,长白猪的总仔数与活仔数、总仔数与健仔数、活仔数与健仔数的遗传相关在0.895以上,表型相关在0.791以上。本研究结果为提高母猪的繁殖性能和加速繁殖性状的遗传进展提供了试验数据和理论基础。  相似文献   

11.
The objective of this study was to obtain heritability estimates for longevity (length of life, length of productive life, number of litters) and lifetime productivity traits (lifetime pig production, lifetime pig efficiency, lifetime litter efficiency) and genetic correlation between them and litter size at first farrowing, growth (ADG), backfat thickness (BF), loin depth, lean meat percentage (LMP), phenotypic selection index (PSI), and exterior in 19423 Polish Landrace (L) and 16049 Polish Large White (LW) sows. Heritabilities for longevity and lifetime productivity traits were 0.10–0.13 for L sows and 0.09–0.11 for LW sows depending on the trait definition. The genetic correlations among these traits were all high and positive, ranging from 0.76 to 0.99. Antagonistic genetic correlations (?0.21 to ?0.26) were found between longevity traits and PSI and LMP in LW sows, while in L sows the respective parameters were lower and not significant for length of productive life. The number of live‐born piglets in the first litter was positively correlated with lifetime pig production and lifetime pig efficiency in both breeds. The genetic correlations of longevity and lifetime pig production with ADG, BF, loin depth and exterior were small, and in most cases, not significant.  相似文献   

12.
试验旨在探讨陆川猪和大白猪胰岛素样生长因子2(insulin-like growth factor-2,IGF2)基因多态性与生长性状的关系,以期为猪生产性状标记辅助选择侯选基因的选择提供理论依据。采用PCR-SSCP技术,在陆川猪和大白猪群体中检测到了1个SNP位点,并将这个SNP位点与生长性状进行关联分析。结果表明,IGF2基因对陆川猪和大白猪初生重、平均日增重影响均显著(P<0.05),对断奶重的影响在大白猪上显著(P<0.05),在陆川猪上不显著(P>0.05),可作为用于育种实践的分子遗传标记。  相似文献   

13.
The objective of this study was to estimate genetic associations of prolificacy traits with other traits under selection in the Finnish Landrace and Large White populations. The prolificacy traits evaluated were total number of piglets born, number of stillborn piglets, piglet mortality during suckling, age at first farrowing, and first farrowing interval. Genetic correlations were estimated with two performance traits (ADG and feed:gain ratio), with two carcass traits (lean percent and fat percent), with four meat quality traits (pH and L* values in longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus muscles), and with two leg conformation traits (overall leg action and buck-kneed forelegs). The data contained prolificacy information on 12,525 and 10,511 sows in the Finnish litter recording scheme and station testing records on 10,372 and 9,838 pigs in Landrace and Large White breeds, respectively. The genetic correlations were estimated by the restricted maximum likelihood method. The most substantial correlations were found between age at first farrowing and lean percent (0.19 in Landrace and 0.27 in Large White), and fat percent (-0.26 in Landrace and -0.18 in Large White), and between number of stillborn piglets and ADG (-0.38 in Landrace and -0.25 in Large White) and feed:gain (0.27 in Landrace and 0.12 in Large White). The correlations are indicative of the benefits of superior growth for piglets already at birth. Similarly, the correlations indicate that age at first farrowing is increasing owing to selection for carcass lean content. There was also clear favorable correlation between performance traits and piglet mortality from birth to weaning in Large White (r(g) was -0.43 between piglet mortality and ADG, and 0.42 between piglet mortality and feed:gain), but not in Landrace (corresponding correlations were 0.26 and -0.22). There was a general tendency that prolificacy traits were favorably correlated with performance traits, and unfavorably with carcass lean and fat percents, whereas there were no clear associations between prolificacy and meat quality or leg conformation. In conclusion, accuracy of estimated breeding values may be improved by accounting for genetic associations between prolificacy, carcass, and performance traits in a multitrait analysis.  相似文献   

14.
Genetic parameters and trends in the average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BF), loin muscle area (LMA), lean percentage (LP), and age at 90 kg (D90) were estimated for populations of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs. Additionally, the correlations between these production traits and litter traits were estimated. Litter traits included total born (TB) and number born alive (NBA). The data used for this study were obtained from eight farms during 1999 to 2016. Analyses were carried out with a multivariate animal model to estimate genetic parameters for production traits while bivariate analyses were performed to estimate the correlations between production and litter traits. The heritability estimates were 0.52 and 0.43 for ADG; 0.54 and 0.45 for BF; 0.25 and 0.26 for LMA; 0.54 and 0.48 for LP; and 0.56 and 0.46 for D90 in the Landrace and Yorkshire breeds, respectively. The ADG and D90 showed low genetic correlation with BF and LP. The LMA had ?0.40, ?0.32, 0.49, and 0.39 genetic correlations with ADG, BF, LP, and D90, respectively. Genetic correlations between production and litter traits were generally low, except for the correlations between LMA and TB (?0.23) in Landrace and ADG and TB (?0.16), ADG and NBA (?0.18), D90 and TB (0.19), and D90 and NBA (0.20) in Yorkshire. Genetic trends in production traits were all favorable except for LMA.  相似文献   

15.
We estimated genetic parameters in Landrace and Large White pig populations for litter traits at farrowing (total number born, number born alive, number stillborn, total litter weight at birth (LWB), and mean litter weight at birth) and those at weaning (litter size at weaning (LSW), total litter weight at weaning (LWW), mean litter weight at weaning (MWW), and survival rate from farrowing to weaning). We analyzed 65,579 records at farrowing and 6,306 at weaning for Landrace, and 52,557 and 5,360, respectively, for Large White. Single‐trait and two‐trait repeatability animal models were exploited to estimate heritability and genetic correlation respectively. Heritability estimates of LSW were 0.09 for Landrace and 0.08 for Large White. Genetic correlations of LSW with MWW were –0.43 for Landrace and –0.24 for Large White. Genetic correlations of LSW with LWW and LWB ranged from 0.5 to 0.6. The genetic correlation of MWW with LWW was positive, but that with LWB was negligible. The results indicate that utilizing LWW or LWB could improve LSW efficiently, despite the antagonistic genetic correlation between LSW and MWW.  相似文献   

16.
Purebred and two-breed cross (F1) boars were mated to F1 females to produce all possible three- and four-breed cross pigs involving the Duroc, Yorkshire, Landrace and Spotted breeds. Individual postweaning average daily gain (ADG), age at 100 kg (AGE) and probed backfat thickness at 100 kg (BF) data were collected on 3,456 pigs. A total of 213 pens with an average of 15.58 pigs per pen was evaluated for postweaning feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) and average daily feed consumption (ADF). Genotype X environment interactions, specifically breed X year-season farrowed and breed X parity (for ADG), were found to be highly significant. Certain results, however, were reasonably consistent across environments. Duroc-sired pigs grew more efficiently than other sire breed groups (3.11 vs 3.21 F/G), although there were no significant differences in ADF between sire groups. Duroc-sired pigs had less BF than other three-breed cross pigs, based upon within breed of dam comparisons, suggesting differences in composition between the more efficient Duroc-sired pigs and other breed groups. Landrace-sired pigs were fatter than other sire groups. No real differences between crossbred-sired pigs and the average of contemporary pure-bred-sired pigs were apparent for F/G, ADF, ADG, AGE, or BF. Assuming paternal heterosis to be zero, these results suggested recombination effects to be negligible for postweaning performance traits. Apart from via direct genetic effects, mating crossbred rather than purebred boars to females of different breeding should have little or no impact on feedlot performance of offspring produced.  相似文献   

17.
Excessive growth and consequent deformity of hooves is a frequent disorder in some purebred pig populations. A test to detect possible genetic determinism related with this phenomenon was performed using the Bayes Factor (BF). Data were available for females from three purebred selection lines: Landrace (561 records), Pietrain (183) and Large White (225). Animals were scored in four categories, according to the overall growth rate of their hooves. A Bayesian analysis was performed separately for each line using a threshold model with a probit approach, and Bayes Factors between models with and without additive genetic effects were computed. Results from the three lines showed that models exhibiting genetic variability were much more probable than those that did not include a genetic component, with BF values of 312, 35 and 40 (and posterior probabilities of 0.99, 0.97 and 0.98), respectively, for the Landrace, Pietrain and Large White lines. Monte Carlo estimates of posterior means of heritabilities were medium to high (0.25, 0.41 and 0.38, respectively), and the highest posterior density region for heritability at 99% did not include zero in any of the three lines. These results allow us to conclude that genetic determinism has an important influence upon the rate of hoof growth in the pig. A potential genetic response can be achieved in the populations analysed, but further studies are needed to determine the genetic architecture of hoof growth disorders in pigs.  相似文献   

18.
试验旨在研究催乳素受体（prolactin receptor,PRLR）和卵泡刺激素β（follicle-stimulating hormone β,FSHβ）基因的多态性及其与母猪繁殖性状的关联分析。采用PCR-RFLP方法对大白猪、杜洛克猪和长白猪3个猪种共487头母猪进行了PRLR和FSHβ基因多态性检验,并采用单因子方差分析、LSD法分析不同基因型与母猪总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶窝重和断奶窝仔数等繁殖性状的相关性。结果表明,PRLR基因在大白猪和长白猪中B等位基因均为优势基因,基因频率分别为0.717和0.548,大白猪BB基因型总产仔数显著高于AA基因型（P<0.05）,长白猪BB基因型断奶窝重显著高于AB基因型（P<0.05）;FSHβ基因在大白猪、杜洛克猪和长白猪3个猪种中B等位基因均为优势基因,基因频率分别为0.804、0.760和0.789,长白猪BB基因型总产仔数和产活仔数均显著高于AB基因型（P<0.05）,呈现BB>AA>AB趋势。因此,PRLR和FSHβ基因对荣昌猪场母猪繁殖性能有一定影响,可作为母猪繁殖性能分子选育的候选参考基因。  相似文献   

19.
Performance test records from on-farm tests of young Polish Large White boars and reproductive records of Polish Large White sows from 94 nucleus farms during 1978 to 1987 were used to estimate population parameters for the measured traits. The number of boar performance records after editing was 114,347 from 3,932 sires, 21,543 dams, 44,493 litters and 1,075 herd-year-seasons. Reproductive performance records of sows involved 41,080 litters from 2,348 sires, 18,683 dams and 1,520 herd-year-seasons. Both data sets were analyzed by using restricted maximum-likelihood programs. The model used for the performance records included fixed herd-year-seasons, random sires, dams and error effects, and covariances for the year of birth of sire and year of birth of dam. The model used for the reproduction data set was the same as the performance data with parity as an additional fixed effect. Estimated heritabilities were .27, .29, .26, .07, .06, .06 for average daily gain standardized to 180 d (ADG), backfat thickness standardized to 110 kg BW (BF), days to 110 kg (DAYS), litter size at birth born alive (NBA), litter size at 21 d (N21) and litter weight at 21 d (W21), respectively. Estimated common environmental effects for the same traits were .09, .10, .09, .06, .07 and .08, respectively. Genetic correlations were .25 (ADG and BF), -.99 (ADG and DAYS), -.21 (BF and DAYS), .91 (NBA and N21), .68 (NBA and W21) and .80 (N21 and W21). The respective phenotypic correlations were .23, -.99, -.20, .88, .75, .86. These population parameters for Polish Large White pigs are similar to those for breeds in other countries.  相似文献   

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