共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 625 毫秒
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本文简要总结了壳聚糖的理化性质、生物学活性及其在家禽饲料中的应用，表明壳聚糖作为一种饲料添加剂具有很大的潜力。 相似文献
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蚕蛹壳聚糖复合水凝胶的抗菌性能及对创伤的愈合作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以蚕蛹壳聚糖、蜂蜜和明胶等为基质制备医用复合水凝胶。对以不同配比制备的蚕蛹壳聚糖复合水凝胶、单纯蚕蛹壳聚糖水凝胶、蜂蜜水凝胶的抗菌性能进行比较试验,并以大耳白兔为受试动物,采用切片法检测蚕蛹壳聚糖复合水凝胶对烫伤伤口的愈合作用。结果表明:用质量分数为0.25%的蚕蛹壳聚糖和质量分数为20%的蜂蜜制成的复合水凝胶的杀菌作用明显高于市售烧伤膏和单纯蚕蛹壳聚糖或蜂蜜水凝胶,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌24 h内的抑菌率均达到100%,且持久性好;大耳白兔烫伤伤口经0.25%蚕蛹壳聚糖+20%蜂蜜复合水凝胶处理后12 d可基本愈合,切片观察愈合的伤口表皮无溃疡,局部毛囊增生,且有新生表皮细胞生成。研究结果显示,蚕蛹壳聚糖复合水凝胶具有广谱抗菌性能,可用作创伤敷料。 相似文献
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壳聚糖以其独特的理化性质及生物学功能在农业、医药、工业方面有着广阔的前景。对壳聚糖的来源、制备方法、结构、理化性质及其生物学功能等方面做了简要说明,着重介绍其在水产业中的应用状况,并指出其在应用中存在的问题,为壳聚糖今后在水产业中的应用提供有利的科学依据。 相似文献
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低溶胀壳聚糖/丝素蛋白复合膜的制备及性能测试 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为改善单纯壳聚糖膜用作医用创面敷料在湿环境下的力学性能,将壳聚糖(CS)和家蚕丝素蛋白(SF)混合,采用延流法制备壳聚糖/丝素蛋白(CS/SF)复合膜。物理与机械性能测试表明:CS/SF复合膜的溶胀率较单纯CS膜显著降低,且其溶胀能力具有pH依赖性;CS/SF复合膜的水蒸气透过率较单纯CS膜略有下降,但仍保持在2 043～3 363 g/(m2.d);CS/SF复合膜在湿环境下的力学强度较单纯CS膜显著提高,当加入SF的质量分数为15%时,复合膜的力学性能最好,其拉伸强度为34.5 MPa±1.8 MPa,比单纯CS膜提高近18%,而其断裂伸长率也由初始的83.1%±6.7%提高到119.3%±8.2%。CS/SF复合膜具有较好的药物释放性能,对抗感染药物盐酸万古霉素表现出在初始1 h内的突释行为和随后较长时期的缓释行为,十分有利于降低感染和加速伤口愈合。此外,CS/SF复合膜对STO小鼠胚成纤维细胞具有良好的生物相容性。各项性能测试显示CS/SF复合膜作为医用敷料具有潜在的应用前景。 相似文献
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<正> 饲养家禽时需要大量的敷料,尤其是在雏禽期,为了保持饲舍地面及禽体的干燥,更需要勤换敷料。禽育成后,若采用地面群饲的方法,敷料也是必不可少的。总之,敷料是养禽业中不可缺少的材料。 无论是大群饲养还是少量饲养家禽时,常用的敷料一般是锯末或切短的稻草。其中以锯末作敷料最好,其吸湿性强,虽然可重复使用,但其来源不广。南方稻草虽多,一般作为牛的饲料,但把它作为敷料用时,需费工切短后方可使用,这样就增加了饲养成本费。 相似文献
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壳聚糖是生产抗凝血物质的理想原料。采用化学方法对蚕蛹壳聚糖进行分子修饰,即在蚕蛹壳聚糖分子上引入甘氨酸和环氧氯丙烷反应的中间体,制备壳聚糖甘氨酸衍生物。通过红外光谱及核磁共振分析其分子结构,结果显示甘氨酸已接枝到蚕蛹壳聚糖分子上,为在C6-OH发生醚化反应的壳聚糖甘氨酸衍生物。抗凝血试验结果表明,蚕蛹壳聚糖甘氨酸衍生物具有抗凝血活性,当其质量浓度达到2mg/mL时抗凝血效果最佳,可使血液完全不凝固。从凝血时间、凝血酶原时间、活化部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶时间的检测结果可知,蚕蛹壳聚糖甘氨酸衍生物影响到外源性、内源性凝血系统和凝血活性酶的形成。依据抗凝血试验结果分析认为,蚕蛹壳聚糖甘氨酸衍生物中C6引入的羧基与壳聚糖C2上的氨基共同作用,产生了抗凝血效果。研究结果提示:蚕蛹壳聚糖甘氨酸衍生物可进一步开发为医用抗凝血材料。 相似文献
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JM LIPTAK 《Australian veterinary journal》1997,75(6):408-413
Wounds in animals are a common and frequent reason for seeking veterinary attention. The way in which wounds are managed affect the rate of healing, the time to return to normal function, the final cosmetic appearance, and hence the satisfaction of customers. The management of wounds depends on the stage of wound healing and can include irrigation, mechanical and chemical debridement, the use of antiseptics and antimicrobials, adherent and nonadherent dressings, and miscellaneous topical applications such as aloe vera, honey and live yeast cell derivative. The advantages, disadvantages and indications for initial wound management, topical applicants and dressings are discussed. 相似文献
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Effects of 3 biologic dressings on healing of cutaneous wounds on the limbs of horses 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 Jorge H. Gomez Jim Schumacher Susan D. Lauten Eva A. Sartin Terri L. Hathcock Steven F. Swaim 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2004,68(1):49-55
Three biologic dressings [split-thickness allogeneic skin (STS)], allogeneic peritoneum (P), and xenogenic porcine small intestinal submucosa (PSIS)] were studied to determine their effects on bacterial proliferation, inflammatory reaction, vascularization, and overall healing and to compare the effects of these dressings with the effects of a nonbiologic dressing, a nonadherent synthetic pad (NASP). A medial wound (3 cm in diameter) and 2 lateral wounds (2 cm in diameter) were created at the junction of the proximal and middle thirds of each metacarpus and metatarsus in 5 horses. Each medial wound and the proximolateral wound received an STS, P, PSIS, or NASP dressing on day 8 after wounding. The other lateral wound received an NASP dressing. Bacterial proliferation, inflammatory reaction (histologic changes), and drhessing vascularization were evaluated 6 d after application of the dressing. Percentages of contraction and epithelialization, as well as healing time, were determined when the wounds had completely epithelialized. The practical applicability of the different dressings to equine wound management was also assessed. No significant difference was detected in the parameters evaluated among the treated wounds or between the treated and control wounds. The biologic dressings had no effect on infection, inflammatory response, or healing time. Vascularization was not identified in any of the biologic dressings. The PSIS and P dressings required numerous applications over the study period. The STS dressings are more practical than PSIS and P dressings owing to ease of application and stability. Thus, these biologic dressings offer no apparent advantage over a nonbiologic dressing for treatment of small granulating wounds. 相似文献
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Bonnie Grambow Campbell 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2006,36(4):759-791
New materials have allowed the role of the bandage to expand from passive protector to active participant in the wound healing process. By building a bandage that maintains a moist wound environment,the veterinarian uses the patient's own wound healing mechanisms to provide selective autolytic debridement, speed granulation and epithelialization, decrease infection, and increase patient comfort. A large variety of primary dressings are available to custom-make a bandage appropriate to each stage of wound healing. This article discusses the principles of moist wound healing, selection and application of primary dressings, special considerations for applying and changing bandages and splints, and prevention of bandage complications. 相似文献
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Five proprietary and one experimental dressing were compared with no treatment in their ability to aid healing of mulesing wounds in over 1900 young lambs. Healing was judged as the completeness of shrinkage of the mulesing cuts and the condition of scabs on the new skin surface. When assessed at 21 d it was found that treatment with Heriots Crown Wound Powder or Coopers Mulesing Powder offered a significant advantage over leaving the wounds untreated. Neither aqueous organophosphate washes, Defiance nor Defiance containing 0.08% chlorfenvinphos offered any healing advantage over controls. However, washing the wounds with an aqueous organophosphate solution aided healing more than the Defiance-based dressings. It was considered that the powders or the washes encouraged quick scab formation either by creating a dry covering (powders) or by washing away blood and allowing fast drying of the wound. The Defiance-type dressings slowed healing by keeping the wound moist for up to 10 d, but healing was not significantly different to the untreated group by 21 d. 相似文献
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Franz diffusion cells containing uniformly dehydrated equine blood clots to simulate fibrinous eschar were used to measure the rate of debridement of fibrin by novel and traditional wound dressings, under standardised conditions of temperature, pH and humidity. Significant increases in protein breakdown occurred within 24 hours with all the dressings, but not thereafter. In general, dressings hydrated in normal saline were better as debriding agents than dressings hydrated in water. Autolytic debriding agents were 47 per cent more effective than chemical debriding agents; specifically, hydrofibre and gauze dressings hydrated in saline broke down more than 3500 microg/ml of protein whereas dressings impregnated with proteolytic enzymatic agents digested less than 1400 microg/ml. 相似文献
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Marco Demaria DVM Bryden J. Stanley BVMS MVetSc Diplomate ACVS Joe G. Hauptman DVM MS Diplomate ACVS Barbara A. Steficek DVM PhD Diplomate ACVP Michele C. Fritz BSc LVT John M. Ryan MVB MRCVS Nathaniel A. Lam DVM Trevor W. Moore DVM Heather S. Hadley DVM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2011,40(6):658-669
Objective: To compare the effect of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) with standard‐of‐care management on healing of acute open wounds in dogs. Study Design: Prospective, controlled, experimental study. Animals: Adult dogs (n=10). Methods: Full‐thickness 4 cm × 2 cm wounds were surgically created on each antebrachium and in each dog were randomized to receive either NPWT or standard wound dressings (CON) for 21 days. Dressing changes and wound evaluations were made at 8 time points. First appearance of granulation tissue, smoothness of granulation tissue, exuberance, percent epithelialization, and percent contraction were compared. Biopsies for histopathology were taken, and histologic scores determined, at 5 time points, and aerobic bacterial wound cultures performed at 2 time points. Results: Granulation tissue appeared significantly earlier, and was smoother and less exuberant in NPWT wounds compared with CON wounds. Percent contraction in NPWT wounds was less than CON wounds after Day 7. Percent epithelialization in NPWT wounds was less than CON wounds on Days 11, 16, 18, and 21. Histologic scores for acute inflammation were higher in NPWT on Day 3, and lower on Day 7, than CON wounds. Bacterial load was higher in NPWT on Day 7. Conclusion: NPWT accelerated appearance of smooth, nonexuberant granulation tissue; however, prolonged use of NPWT impaired wound contraction and epithelialization. 相似文献
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Courtney R. Wilson 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2013,54(3):292-294
A 3.7-kg, 3-year-old intact female domestic shorthaired cat was presented with the chief complaint of anorexia and lethargy of 3 days duration with a noticeable decrease in body condition and a large open wound on her ventral caudal abdomen. A diagnosis of acute mastitis with gland abscessation was made. The patient was successfully treated with oral antibiotics and open wound management using surgical debridement and lavage followed by wound dressings using honey. 相似文献
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Jorge H Gomez R Reid Hanson 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2005,21(1):91-104, vii
The use and aims of various wound dressings are discussed. Application and indications in the horse vary according to the type and location of the wound as well as the nature and availability of the dressing material. Coaptation and immobilization are essential to promote healing in certain locations. Techniques used for bandage application in horses are described, with special emphasis on problem areas. 相似文献