Impact of fermentation on phenolic compounds in leaves of pak choi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. communis) and Chinese leaf mustard (Brassica juncea coss)     

Harbaum B  Hubbermann EM  Zhu Z  Schwarz K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(1):148-157

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Comparison of 2 blind approaches to the paravertebral brachial plexus regional block in canine cadavers     

Maria Podsiedlik  Erik H. Hofmeister  Tanya Duke-Novakovski 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2022,86(1):20

The paravertebral brachial plexus block (PVB) provides thoracic limb analgesia. The objective was to describe a blind craniocaudal (CC) approach to the PVB and compare its accuracy, time, and difficulty of performance with a blind dorsoventral (DV) approach. The operator was initially trained by experienced clinicians to perform both approaches on 5 cadavers. Next, a CC or DV approach to the PVB was performed on both thoracic limbs of 20 cadavers (20 for each approach). Methylene blue dye was equally divided into 4 aliquots to stain the ventral branches of the sixth to eighth cervical and first thoracic spinal nerves. Successfully stained (stain ≥ 1 cm) spinal nerves were counted. The time to perform each approach was recorded and ease of performance was scored using a numerical scale (1 “easy” to 4 “difficult”). The phrenic nerve was checked for stain. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare approaches. The data are presented as median (interquartile range; minimum to maximum range). The number of stained nerves with the CC approach 3 (1; 2 to 4), was higher than the DV approach 2 (2; 0 to 4) (P = 0.002). The time (in seconds) to perform the CC approach 125 (79; 70 to 194), was not different from the DV approach 142 (54; 101 to 232) (P = 0.084). The CC approach 2 (2; 1 to 4) was easier to perform than the DV approach 3 (1; 2 to 4) (P = 0.024). No phrenic nerve staining was observed with either approach. The CC approach is an alternative to the DV approach for performing the PVB in dogs.  相似文献   

Potential Anti-Obesity,Anti-Steatosis,and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Extracts from the Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorococcum amblystomatis under Different Growth Conditions     

Ana Regueiras  lvaro Huguet  Tiago Conde  Daniela Couto  Pedro Domingues  Maria Rosrio Domingues  Ana Margarida Costa  Joana Laranjeira da Silva  Vitor Vasconcelos  Ralph Urbatzka 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)

Microalgae are known as a producer of proteins and lipids, but also of valuable compounds for human health benefits (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs); minerals, vitamins, or other compounds). The overall objective of this research was to prospect novel products, such as nutraceuticals from microalgae, for application in human health, particularly for metabolic diseases. Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorococcum amblystomatis were grown autotrophically, and C. vulgaris was additionally grown heterotrophically. Microalgae biomass was extracted using organic solvents (dichloromethane, ethanol, ethanol with ultrasound-assisted extraction). Those extracts were evaluated for their bioactivities, toxicity, and metabolite profile. Some of the extracts reduced the neutral lipid content using the zebrafish larvae fat metabolism assay, reduced lipid accumulation in fatty-acid-overloaded HepG2 liver cells, or decreased the LPS-induced inflammation reaction in RAW264.7 macrophages. Toxicity was not observed in the MTT assay in vitro or by the appearance of lethality or malformations in zebrafish larvae in vivo. Differences in metabolite profiles of microalgae extracts obtained by UPLC-LC-MS/MS and GNPS analyses revealed unique compounds in the active extracts, whose majority did not have a match in mass spectrometry databases and could be potentially novel compounds. In conclusion, microalgae extracts demonstrated anti-obesity, anti-steatosis, and anti-inflammatory activities and could be valuable resources for developing future nutraceuticals. In particular, the ultrasound-assisted ethanolic extract of the heterotrophic C. vulgaris significantly enhanced the anti-obesity activity and demonstrated that the alteration of culture conditions is a valuable approach to increase the production of high-value compounds.  相似文献   

Identification of potential candidate genes controlling pea aphid tolerance in a Pisum fulvum high‐density integrated DArTseq SNP‐based genetic map     

Eleonora Barilli  Estefanía Carrillo‐Perdomo  Maria Jos Cobos  Andrzej Kilian  Jason Carling  Diego Rubiales 《Pest management science》2020,76(5):1731-1742

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Trifluoromethyloxadiazoles: inhibitors of histone deacetylases for control of Asian soybean rust     

Christian Winter  Marcus Fehr  Ian R Craig  Wassilios Grammenos  Christine Wiebe  Violeta Terteryan‐Seiser  Georg Rudolf  Tobias Mentzel  Maria Angelica Quintero Palomar 《Pest management science》2020,76(10):3357-3368

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Exogenous Salicylic Acid Improves Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Table Grapes     

Blanch  Gracia Patricia  Gómez-Jiménez  Maria C.  del Castillo  Maria Luisa Ruiz 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(2):177-183

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Grapes contain high contents of phenolics, which are known to possess health promoting properties. Exogenous application of phytoregulators, mainly methyl...  相似文献   

The ectomycorrhizal status of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) seedlings from bare-root forest nurseries     

Tomasz Leski  Maria Rudawska  Algis Aučina 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008

In this paper, we report molecular investigation of an ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) community of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) seedlings grown in a bare-root nursery. In total, we surveyed 32 nurseries that were each active in supplying planting stocks to restock forests and for afforestation of post-agricultural land. Sequence-based approach was used to identify EMF taxa, quantify EMF richness, and document differences in the relative abundance of individual taxa. We identified seven fungal species that might contribute to the mycorrhizal community structure of 1 to 3-year-old L. decidua seedlings. The species richness in the examined larches varied between one and four fungal taxa, depending on both the nursery stock samples (NSS) and age class of the seedlings. The average was 1.4 for 1-year-old seedlings and 2.3 for 2- and 3-year-old plants. The dominance of Ascomycota over Basidiomycota and the prevalence of two species, Wilcoxina mikolae and Suillus grevillei, as EMF partners were characteristic features of nursery-grown L. decidua seedlings. S. grevillei was the only one basidiomycetes colonized roots of tested seedlings. The rest of the mycorrhizal pool from forest nurseries was typically dominated by pioneer fungal ascomycetes. W. mikolae was the most common mycorrhizal ascomycete present at a high frequency on NSS from both age classes and with very high abundance (average 90%) on 1-year-old seedlings. Some other ascomycetes (Pezizales 1, Pezizales 2 and Pezizales 3) appeared on tested larches at a low frequency, but sometimes in high abundance. Tuber spp. appeared at a low frequency and low abundance. The relative abundance of S. grevillei was positively correlated with the age of seedlings, while W. mikolae was negatively correlated with age. Tuber sp. 1 and 2, Pezizales 2, and W. mikolae were positively associated with the basic soil pH values. However, forward selection of the environmental variables showed that only the age of the larch seedlings contributed significantly (F = 11.45, P = 0.02) to the variance in the ECF community.  相似文献   

Backshoring and nearshoring: An overview     

Benedetta Piatanesi  Josep‐Maria Arauzo‐Carod 《Growth and change》2019,50(3):806-823

Increasingly, economies that have traditionally benefited from offshoring are losing some of their strategical advantages, with a consequent increase in backshoring by developed economies. This paper describes the phenomenon and tries to shed light on the current challenges, trends, and debates in the area, and on the main determinants of backshoring. A new phenomenon known as nearshoring is also analysed—this consists of relocating some previously offshored manufacturing activities so that they are now close to previous core locations, but not so close as to suffer from disagglomeration effects. This combines the advantages of offshoring and backshoring.  相似文献   

Development of colchicine‐induced tetraploid St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) lines     

Esdras M. Carbajal  M. Carolina Zuleta  Luellen Swayzer  Brian M. Schwartz  Maria Carolina Chavarro  A. Carolina Ballen‐Taborda  Susana R. Milla‐Lewis 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(6):958-966

St. Augustinegrass is well suited for lawns and commercial landscapes. While many genotypes are cross‐fertile, all cultivars are propagated vegetatively in sod production. To ensure varietal purity, development of sterile triploid hybrids by crossing tetraploid and diploid genotypes has been successfully used in other warm‐season turfgrasses. Applying this model in St. Augustinegrass would be beneficial to sod producers and turf managers who require purity for certification and uniformity for performance, respectively. This study was conducted to develop colchicine‐induced tetraploid lines of St. Augustinegrass. Seeds of cultivar ‘Raleigh’ were treated with four colchicine concentrations at four exposure times. A non‐treated control was included among the treatments. Seedlings that germinated were screened for genome size changes using flow cytometry. Line DSA 13005 and two progeny lines derived through selfing, DSA 16001 and DSA 16016, were corroborated as tetraploids (2n = 4x = 36) through chromosome counts. These lines will be used in future breeding efforts to attempt development of sterile triploid cultivars of St. Augustinegrass.  相似文献   

Developments in the nutrition of Menidia estor Jordan 1880     

Carlos A Martínez-Palacios  Maria Gisela Ríos-Durán  Jorge Fonseca Madrigal  Mayra Toledo Cuevas  Angela Sotelo López  & Lindsay G Ross 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(7):738-747

The Mexican silverside, Menidia estor, is a species with great regional importance and with very high prices in local markets. Unfortunately, due to high fisheries pressure, environmental degradation and pollution, the species has become endangered. Recently, there has been much progress in the biotechnology of this species, aimed at its culture, and the present paper describes the advances in feeding and nutrition of those important fish. M. estor is a stomachless, zooplantophagous fish, which also occasionally feeds on small fish and crustaceans in the adult stage. Studies on the digestive enzymatic activities show high proteolytic capacity and a late or different model of digestive maturation from that described for marine stomach fish. Nutritional studies on M. estor have shown that juveniles have dietary requirements of about 400 g kg^?1 protein and 80 mg kg^?1 vitamin C. The upper level of dietary carbohydrate for good growth and survival for juveniles is about 150 g kg^?1. Based on the high docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content in flesh when fed on diets low in DHA, it is believed that the species has the capacity to biosynthetize >20‐carbon fatty acids from 18‐carbon fatty acids. The high levels of DHA in flesh makes this fish a very significant potential component of human nutrition. Using these findings the first practical diets for commercial culture of the species have been developed.  相似文献