Aquaculture research has focused on polysaccharides as they are among the most promising new-generation immunostimulant used to control aquatic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of fermented wheat bran polysaccharides (FWBPs) on juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Carps were fed different FWBP amounts (0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%) for 8 weeks and then their skin mucus and serum immune parameters, hepatopancreas antioxidant indicators, and immune-related gene expression in the intestines, kidneys, and spleen were measured. The skin mucus IgM levels significantly increased in 0.1% FWBP group, but decreased in 0.4% FWBP group. The skin mucus protease and the serum alkaline phosphatase activities increased significantly in the 0.2%, 0.1%, and 0.4% FWBP groups, respectively. The serum total Ig levels increased noticeably in the 0.1% and 0.2% FWBP groups. The highest and lowest serum lysozyme activities were observed in the 0.1% and 0.4% FWBP groups, respectively. The hepatopancreatic total superoxide dismutase activity was higher in the 0.1% FWBP group than in the control. The malondialdehyde levels decreased significantly in the 0.2% and 0.4% groups. The intestinal mRNA levels of the LZM-C and IL-10 genes were significantly higher in the 0.2% than in the 0.4% FWBP group; TNF-α was significantly upregulated in the 0.1% group. The gene expression in the kidneys did not differ significantly among the treatments, except for a significant increase in the IL-10 expression in the 0.1% treatment. Significantly elevated expression of LZM-C in 0.2% group and IL-10 in 0.1% group was observed in the spleens. TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly downregulated in the 0.4% group. These results suggest that FWBPs could be used as immunostimulant feed additives in common carp cultures.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) on growth performance and plasma biochemical
parameters of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Graded levels of EEP [0 (control), 1, 2, and 4 g kg−1 diet] were fed to trout juveniles (mean weight 7.73 ± 0.17 g) for 10 weeks. Dietary EEP supplementation regardless of inclusion
level significantly improved the specific growth rate of fish. Similarly, supplemental EEP generally improved the feed efficiency
ratio and protein efficiency ratio, but no significant differences were observed between the 1 g kg−1 EEP group and the control group. In addition, dietary EEP supplementation generally increased the plasma superoxide dismutase,
lysozyme, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities, but decreased the plasma malondialdehyde
level. The plasma triglycerides level was significantly lower in the 1 or 4 g kg−1 EEP group as compared with the control group. Dietary EEP supplementation generally decreased the plasma aspartate aminotransferase
and alanine aminotransferase activities, but increased the hepatic aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase
activities. These results indicate the potential to use the EEP as a growth promoter, hepatoprotective agent, and immunostimulant
for rainbow trout. 相似文献
The endometrium of sheep consists of plenty of raised intercaruncular areas （IC）. In order to better understand aglandular areas called caruncular （C）, and intensely glandular the endometrium involved mechanisms of implantation, we used LC-MS/MS technique to profile the proteome of ovine endometrial C areas and IC areas separately during the peri-implantation period, and then compared the proteomic profiles between these two areas. We successfully detected 1740 and 1813 proteins in C areas and IC areas respectively. By comparing the proteome of these two areas, we found 170 differentially expressed proteins （DEPs） （P 〈 0.05）, functional bioinformatics analysis showed these DEPs were mainly involved in growth and remodeling of endometrial tissue, cell adhesion and protein transport, and so on Our study, for the first time, provided a proteomic reference for elucidating the differences between C and IC areas, as an integrated function unit respectively, during the peri-implantation period. The results could help us to better understand the implantation in the ewes. In addition, we established a relatively detailed protein database of ovine endometrium, which provide a unique reference for further studies. 相似文献
