中国美利奴多胎细毛羊及杂交后代多胎性状基因型分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王建华  何其宏  张永胜  魏荣安  马春萍  库木斯汗  吴文寿  王宏伟  毛路山  王惠 《中国草食动物》2004,24(4):12-13

首次在国内采用了多胎性状基因型诊断法对多胎性状进行选择。试验采集中国美利奴多胎细毛羊及其与Romilly·Hills杂交后代、横交一代样品数分别为 47份、3 8份、2 6份 ,提取DNA确定多胎主效基因FecB 位点 ,酶切检测纯合基因BB、杂合基因B 和非多胎基因 。通过检测 ,三种基因型占样品数百分比分别为 :多胎细毛羊为 2 5 5 3 %、48 94%、2 5 5 3 % ,基因型与产羔符合率为 85 3 7% ;杂交一代为 0、76 3 2 %、2 3 68% ,基因型与产羔符合率为 76 19% ;横交一代为3 0 77%、5 7 69%、11 5 4%。在多胎性状的选择中 ,要坚决剔除非多胎基因个体 ,以缩短选育时间。  相似文献   

利用微卫星标记分析贵州5个地方鸡品种遗传多样性   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

屠云洁  陈宽维  汤青萍  沈见成  章双杰 《中国家禽》2004,8(Z1):118-121

通过选用30个多态性较好的微卫星标记,检测了贵州省5个地方鸡品种:竹乡鸡、威宁鸡、黔东南小香鸡、高脚鸡、乌蒙乌骨鸡的遗传多样性。计算了各群体的平均遗传杂合度(H)、多态信息含量(PIC)和群体间的DA遗传距离。结果表明:在5个品种中,杂合度最低的是高脚鸡,为0.501,杂合度最高的是竹乡鸡,为0.673,因此贵州各地方鸡品种的杂合度相差较大,据分析可能是由于交通闭塞,形成了家禽品种的多种多型,而且杂合度的高低与PIC值的大小体现了较高的一致性;用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,结果6个鸡品种被聚为3类:竹乡鸡、黔东南小香鸡和威宁鸡聚为一类,乌蒙乌骨鸡自聚为一类;高脚鸡独自聚为一类。这与几个鸡品种的来源、分化、选育历史及地理分布是一致的。  相似文献   

仔猪小肠肌间神经丛NDP阳性神经元形态的定量研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

张原  滕可导  张晗  赵琪  王瑞玲  李莲军 《畜牧兽医学报》2004,35(6):705-710

采用小肠铺片NADPH黄递酶组化染色和细胞影像分析的方法对0、5、28日龄的仔猪小肠肌间神经丛神经元群体的形态参数进行定量测定。结果表明:随日龄增长,小肠肌间神经元胞体面积增大,出生后的头几天尤为明显。NDP阳性肌间神经元胞核面积平均值与胞体面积平均值呈正相关。胞体面积平均值在0日龄为234.98±23.48μm2,5日龄为346.30±33.07μm2,28日龄为364.17μm2;胞核面积平均值在0日龄为69.85±6.27μm2,5日龄为88.25±2.39μm2,28日龄为84.15μm2。核质比随日龄呈下降趋势,核质比在0日龄为0.298±0.003,5日龄为0.257±0.027,28日龄为0.231。上述测量值不仅表现出日龄差异,而且在同一日龄小肠的前后段亦有所不同。NDP阳性神经元胞体和胞核大小都以十二指肠最大,空肠前段次之,回肠最小。0日龄仔猪神经元胞体面积分布在100～300μm2之间的占70.79%,5日龄和28日龄胞体面积分布在100～400μm2之间的分别占64.81%和63.22%。肌间神经丛NDP阳性神经元主要为Dogiel 型神经元。  相似文献   

宁夏毛乌素沙地退化草原恢复演替过程中物种多样性与生产力的变化   总被引：5，自引：7，他引：5  

王占军  蒋齐  潘占兵  陈云云  郭永忠 《草业科学》2005,22(4):5-8

对宁夏毛乌素沙地退化草原种植不同林龄柠条Caragana korshinskii后物种的多样性、群落结构及草地生产力进行了研究,结果表明:种植柠条林对退化草地的植被恢复有积极的作用,植物群落的多样性随柠条林龄的增加而增加,而且随林龄年份的增加,群落结构更趋于稳定.草地生产力由于土壤储水量相对较高,表现为随林龄的增加,草产量受季节降水量变化的影响较小,相对稳定的趋势.  相似文献   

透明颤菌血红蛋白基因(vgb)在大肠杆菌中的高效表达   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

祁艳霞杨明明  高文祝发明  樊俊华陈玉林 《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2005,(8):7-9

利用PCR技术将透明颠菌血红蛋白基因（vgb）克隆到融合表达载体pET28a，在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）表达。重组蛋白在30℃诱导获得可溶表达。利用Ni^2＋亲和层析对重组蛋白进行了纯化，得到重组的透明颠菌血红蛋白，蛋白呈红色。实验现象显示重组蛋白与血红索相结合。紫外光区和可见光区波长扫描分析显示：蛋白粗提物和纯化后的血红蛋白在230nm和413nm都有强吸收峰，初步表明，尽管重组蛋白比天然蛋白多36个氨基酸，重组蛋白仍然具有生理活性。诱导后4h和6h的培养液氨基乙酰丙酸含量分别达到17mg／L和21mg／L。说明重组蛋白的表达明显促进了体内heme合成途径。  相似文献   

降低畜产公害的营养调控     

唐春艳  齐德生 《饲料研究》2005,(12):47-49

畜牧生产中产生的恶臭气体以及粪尿中的氮、磷元素、微量矿物元素等,对空气、土壤和水体造成严重的环境污染,极大地影响人类的生存质量和身体健康。利用日粮营养调控可减少氮和磷的排泄量、减少微量矿物元素的排泄量和降低恶臭的排放量。  相似文献   

抗鸡传染性腺胃炎酶标抗体的制备和应用     

沈美艳  张广斌  李舫  牛钟相  朱瑞良 《中国家禽》2005,27(18):11-13

在前期从患病鸡腺胃内分离到呼肠孤病毒的基础上，以该病毒为免疫原对兔进行免疫制备高免血清，分离纯化IgG，进行辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）标记，并用ELISA双抗体夹心法对山东省青岛、枣庄、泰安等地区采集的传染性腺胃炎的腺胃样品进行检测，结果表明制备的抗鸡传染性腺胃炎呼肠孤病毒的酶标抗体检测传染性腺胃炎特异性强、灵敏度高、较简便。  相似文献   

A review on breeding and genetic strategies in Iranian buffaloes (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bubalus bubalis</Emphasis>)     

Abbas Safari  Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh  Abdol Ahad Shadparvar  Rostam Abdollahi Arpanahi 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(4):707-714

The aim of current study was to review breeding progress and update information on genetic strategies in Iranian buffaloes. Iranian buffalo is one of the vital domestic animals throughout north, north-west, south and south-west of Iran with measurable characteristics both in milk and meat production. The species plays an important role in rural economy of the country due to its unique characteristics such as resistance to diseases and parasites, having long productive lifespan and showing higher capability of consuming low-quality forage. In Iran, total production of milk and meat devoted to buffaloes are 293,000 and 24,700 tons, respectively. Selection activities and milk yield recording are carrying out by the central government through the Animal Breeding Centre of Iran. The main breeding activities of Iranian buffaloes included the estimation of genetic parameters and genetic trends for performance traits using different models and methods, estimation of economic values and selection criteria and analysis of population structure. Incorporating different aspects of dairy buffalo management together with improved housing, nutrition, breeding and milking, is known to produce significant improvements in buffalo production. Therefore, identifying genetic potential of Iranian buffaloes, selection of superior breeds, improving nutritional management and reproduction and developing the education and increasing the skills of practical breeders can be useful in order to enhance the performance and profitability of Iranian buffaloes.  相似文献   

Prevalence of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Haemonchus contortus</Emphasis> infection in sheep slaughtered at Jimma town municipal abattoir,Ethiopia     

Amarech Habte  Nuraddis Ibrahim 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1865-1870

Haemonchus contortus is a parasite of major economic importance of most sheep-rearing areas of the world. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to March 2016 with objectives of determining the prevalence and associated risk factors of Haemonchus contortus infection in sheep slaughtered at Jimma town municipal abattoir, Ethiopia. Of the total 7000 sheep slaughtered during the study time period, 384 sheep were randomly selected and examined for parasites. The overall prevalence of Haemonchus contortus infection was 264 (68.75%). Infection rate of poor body condition animals was significantly (P?=?0.000) higher than good body conditioned animals. The mean packed cell volume (PCV) values (%) of parasitemic and aparasitemic sheep were 23.73?±?3.7 SD and 37.66?±?4.736 SD, respectively. The prevalence in adult sheep (>?1 year) was insignificantly (P?=?0.653) higher than that of young sheep (≤?1 year). The highest prevalence was recorded in sheep that originated from Seka district (73.3%) and the lowest in Kersa district (63.4%) with non-significant variation (P?=?0.691). The highest monthly mean worm burdens and prevalence of Haemonchus contortus infection were recorded in November and lowest in March. The current study revealed that Haemonchus contortus infection is an important and common parasitic disease and requires special attention to its control.  相似文献   

Can treatment of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachiaria decumbens</Emphasis> (signal grass) improve its utilisation in the diet in small ruminants?—a review     

Eric Lim Teik Chung  Michael Predith  Frisco Nobilly  Anjas Asmara Samsudin  Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse  Teck Chwen Loh 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1727-1732

Brachiaria decumbens is an extremely productive tropical grass due to its aggressive growth habit and its adaptation to a varied range of soil types and environments. As a result of the vast availability, treated B. decumbens demonstrates as a promising local material that could be utilised as an improved diet for sheep and goats. Despite the fact that the grass significantly increases weight gains in grazing farm animals, there were many reports of general ill-thrift and sporadic outbreaks of photosensitivity in livestock due to the toxic compound of steroidal saponin found in B. decumbens. Ensiling and haymaking were found to be effective in removing toxin and undesirable compounds in the grass. Biological treatments using urea, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, and effective microorganisms were found to be useful in anti-nutritional factor deactivation and improving the nutritive values of feedstuffs. Besides, oral administration of phenobarbitone showed some degree of protection in sheep that fed on B. decumbens pasture. In this review, we aim to determine the effect of B. decumbens toxicity and possible treatment methods on the grass to be used as an improved diet for small ruminant.  相似文献