高温干旱对库尔勒香梨光合特性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

穆蓁蓁  王一静  艾合买提·阿布都热依木  克热木·伊力 《北方园艺》2015,(6):18-22

以库尔勒香梨为试材,设置高温干旱、灌水、喷水3个处理,研究高温和干旱对库尔勒香梨光合特性和叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明:高温干旱条件下库尔勒香梨叶片的净光合速率变化呈"双峰型",受气孔限制且有"午休"现象;蒸腾速率和气孔导度变化趋势相同,呈凹型;细胞间二氧化碳浓度可能受净光合速率的影响呈现出中午降低的趋势。灌水处理下库尔勒香梨叶片的净光合速率变化呈"单峰型";蒸腾速率与气孔导度变化趋势一致;细胞间二氧化碳浓度变化幅度较小,可能是由于气孔发生了不均匀关闭。高温干旱处理导致库尔勒香梨叶片的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素的总含量降低。而灌水和喷水处理,则显著提高了叶绿素的含量。  相似文献   

Identification of Cr-tolerant lines in a rice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis>) DH population     

Boyin Qiu  Weihui Zhou  Dawei Xue  Fanrong Zeng  Shafaqat Ali  Guoping Zhang 《Euphytica》2010,174(2):199-207

Identification of Cr-tolerant lines in a rice DH population was conducted based on the modified weighted function analysis. The significant difference was found between the two parents and among DH population lines, with lines 117, 101 and parent ZYQ8 showing the high Cr tolerance, lines 41 and 49 showing Cr sensitivity. A dramatic difference also existed in Cr accumulation of plant tissues, with lines 19, 18 and 1, 5 having the minimum and maximum shoot Cr accumulation, respectively, and line 19, parent JX17 and lines 1, 56, ZYQ8 having the minimum and maximum root Cr accumulation, respectively. There was a significant difference in shoot/root ratio of Cr accumulation among the population, with line 18 and parent ZYQ8 ranking the tops and lines 109, 71, 19, parent JX17 ranking the bottoms. Zn uptake and accumulation was reduced when the plants were exposed to Cr stress. In addition, three QTLs were detected, which are, respectively, associated with Cr accumulation in shoot and root, and ratio of shoot to root.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of antipyrine and sulphadimidine (sulfamethazine) in camels, sheep and goats     

H. A. ELSHEIKH  B. H. ALI  A. M. HOMEIDA  T. HASSAN  H. J. HAPKE 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1991,14(3):269-275

The pharmacokinetics of antipyrine and sulphadimidine were studied in male camels, sheep and goats. The two drugs were administered concomitantly. Following intravenous injection of antipyrine (25 mg/kg) and sulphadimidine (sulfamethazine) (100 mg/kg), the pharmacokinetics of the two drugs were adequately described by a one-compartment model. Antipyrine half-life in goats (2.58 h) was shorter than that in sheep (4.04 h) and camels (18.78 h). The plasma clearance was greatest in goats then sheep and then camels. For sulphadimidine, a significantly greater volume of distribution was observed in camels and the greatest plasma clearance and shortest half-life were reported in goats. Sulphadimidine half-life was 2.77 h in goats, 4.72 h in sheep and 7.36 h in camels. The present results suggest that goats have the fastest elimination of these drugs from the circulation, followed by sheep and then camels.  相似文献   

QTL mapping for chromium-induced growth and zinc, and chromium distribution in seedlings of a rice DH population     

Boyin Qiu  Fanrong Zeng  Dawei Xue  Weihui Zhou  Shafaqat Ali  Guoping Zhang 《Euphytica》2011,181(3):429-439

Chromium contamination in soil has become a severe threat to crop production and food safety. The experiment was conducted using a rice DH population to detect the QTLs associated with Cr tolerance. Seventeen putative QTLs associated with growth traits included three additive loci and fourteen epistatic loci. These loci were distributed on 11 rice chromosomes, and their contribution to the phenotypic variation ranged from 2.44 to 10.08%. Two QTLs located at the similar genetic region on chromosome ten were associated with shoot Cr concentration and translocation from roots to shoots, respectively; and they accounted for 11.65 and 11.22% of the phenotypic variation. In addition, six QTLs related to Zn concentration and translocation was found on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 and 12. Meanwhile epistatic effect existed in the two additive QTLs of qRZC1 and qRZC7. Most of QTLs controlling Zn concentration had small genotypic variance and qSRZ4 related to Zn translocation showed growth condition-dependent expression.  相似文献   

Approaches to optimizing dietary protein to energy ratio for African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)     

M.Z. ALI  & K. JAUNCEY 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2005,11(2):95-101

An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted in a recycling water system at 28 ± 1 °C to investigate protein to energy ratio (P/E ratio) in African catfish Clarias gariepinus (10.9 ± 0.04 g). Six fishmeal‐based diets of two protein levels (330 and 430 g kg^?1), each with three lipid levels (40, 80 and 120 g kg^?1) resulted in P/E ratios ranging from 15.5 to 21.3 mg protein kJ^?1 gross energy (GE) were fed to 20 fish (per 30‐L tank) in triplicate. Fish were fed 50 g kg^?1 of their body weight per day adjusted fortnightly. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) growth rates and feed conversion efficiency were evident in fish fed with higher protein diet. The highest growth rate was found by fish fed 430 g kg^?1 protein, 21.2 kJ^?1 GE with a P/E ratio of 20.5 mg protein kJ^?1 GE. Significantly indifferent (P > 0.05) values of protein utilization were found in‐between the both (higher and lower) protein diets. Higher lipid deposition (P < 0.05) in whole body and liver was observed with increasing dietary lipid level at each protein diet and as higher (P < 0.05) for the lower protein diets. Liver glycogen tended to decrease with increasing gross energy at each protein diet and higher protein diet showed comparatively lower values (P > 0.05). Digestive enzyme activities (protease and lipase) and histological examination of intestine and liver of fish fed varying P/E diets found no significant differences in response to experimental diets. The study reveals that African catfish C. gariepinus performed best the diet containing 430 g kg^?1, 21.2 kJ g^?1 and 20.5 mg protein kJ g^?1 GE protein, gross energy and P/E ratio, respectively.  相似文献   

Furazolidone concentrations in plasma, milk and some tissues of Nubian goats     

A. I. MUSTAFA  B. H. ALI  T. HASSAN  A. M. SATTI† 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1985,8(2):190-193

The concentrations of furazolidone (FZ) in plasma and milk were measured in goats treated orally with the drug at a dose of 10 mg kg-1 daily for 5 days. The maximum plasma concentrations obtained were 1.57 +/- 0.52 micrograms ml-1 (n = 5) 8 h after the first dose, and 2.13 +/- 0.11 micrograms ml-1 (n = 4) 6 h after the fifth dose. The maximum milk concentration was 0.88 +/- 0.32 micrograms ml-1 (n = 4) 8 h following the administration of a single dose. Using a colorimetric method, FZ was not detectable in goats' liver or muscle after the recommended therapeutic dose (10 mg kg-1, 5 days). However, using an HPLC method, the drug was detected 24 h after the treatment in the gluteal muscle and liver at concentrations of 0.26 +/- 0.01 microgram g-1 (n = 5) and 0.10 +/- 0.02 microgram g-1 (n = 5), respectively. The drug concentrations decreased significantly (P less than 0.05-0.01) at 3, 5 and 7 days after treatment, and no measurable concentrations were found after 10 days.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics of niclofolan in desert sheep     

B. H. ALI  H. A. EL SHEIKH  Q. A. McKELLAR † 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1990,13(2):217-219

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The use of fresh food supplements to ameliorate moulting difficulties in lobsters, Homarus gammarus (L.), destined for release to the sea     

Y. O. ALI  J. F. WICKINS 《Aquaculture Research》1994,25(5):483-496

Abstract. Compounded diets given to juvenile lobsters, Homarus gammarus (L.), during the critical post-settlement phase of their development induced moulting abnormalities that resulted in limb loss and deformity. These potentially lethal effects were minimized, and in some cases overcome, through the provision of a supplement of natural food given just once or twice each week. The degree to which a poor diet could be improved was proportional to the quality and frequency of supplementation. Both moult increment and frequency were affected by dietary regime. A quantitative index of general health was derived from selected physical attributes exhibited by juvenile lobsters, which was useful in assessing a combination of responses to different diets and supplements.  相似文献   

Allelopathic potential of Trifolium resupinatum L. (Persian clover) and Trifolium alexandrium L. (Berseem clover)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

FARIBA MAIGHANY  JAVAD KHALGHANI  MOHAMMAD ALI BAGHESTANI  MORTEZA NAJAFPOUR 《Weed Biology and Management》2007,7(3):178-183

This experiment was conducted in order to determine if Persian clover ( Trifolium resupinatum ) and Berseem clover ( Trifolium alexandrium ) contained water-soluble and methanol-soluble constituents that could affect the seedling growth of four test species; namely, Amaranthus retroflexus , Convolvulus arvensis (field bindweed), Secale cereale , and Sinapis arvensis (wild mustard) . The above-ground tissues of the Persian and Berseem clover plants were collected during the vegetative growth stage and oven-dried. Three concentrations of aqueous and methanolic extracts were used at full-strength (33.3 g L⁻¹), half-strength (16.7 g L⁻¹), and quarter-strength (8.3 g L⁻¹). Distilled water was used as the control. The weed seeds were placed in Petri dishes containing the legume extract or distilled water (control). The seedling growth of the weed species declined with the increasing concentration of the clover extracts. Wild mustard exhibited the highest sensitivity to both the legume extracts. Compared to the aqueous extract, the methanolic extract caused a greater decline in the seedling growth of the weeds. Berseem clover was the stronger inhibitor of the weed seedling growth, as compared to Persian clover. Therefore, the amounts of allelochemicals present might differ in these two clover species. Field bindweed showed the least sensitivity to both the legume extracts. Field bindweed showed more tolerance to the allelochemicals produced by the clover species.  相似文献   

Orobanche aegyptiaca control in tomato fields with sulfonylurea herbicides     

HERSHENHORN  GOLDWASSER  PLAKHINE  ALI  BLUMENFELD  BUCSBAUM  HERZLINGER  GOLAN  CHILF  EIZENBERG  DOR  & KLEIFELD 《Weed Research》1998,38(5):343-349

Field experiments were conducted from 1994 to 1997 at two locations to study the effectiveness of chlorsulfuron and triasulfuron applied through different irrigation methods (chemigation) for control of Orobanche aegyptiaca Pers. in tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). Three split applications of chlorsulfuron at 2.5 g a.i. ha⁻¹ and of triasulfuron at 7.5 g a.i. ha⁻¹, through conventional sprinkler irrigation systems, 10–14 days apart followed immediately by sprinkling with water, controlled O. aegyptiaca by about 90% and 80% and increased crop yield 25–47% and 30%, respectively, without any crop injury symptoms. Repeated applications of the same herbicides at half rates resulted in slightly higher O. aegyptiaca control and crop yield than only one herbicide application at double rate. Chemigation by the sprinkler systems (microsprinklers, 60 m³ ha⁻¹) slightly increased the herbicide efficiency as compared with the high volume spray (800 m³ ha⁻¹). O. aegyptiaca control from sulfonylureas applied by drip chemigation was poor, as this probably requires very accurate timing and the herbicide distribution in the soil was not uniform.  相似文献