西方盲走螨防治苹果树叶螨的研究     

张乃鑫  邓雄  陈建锋  曹振良  任慧玲  贾秀芬 《中国生物防治》1987,(3)

通过室内个体饲养观察,明确西方盲走螨捕食山楂叶螨和李始叶螨生长发育情况良好。1983～1985年,兰州田间试验表明:5月下旬到6月中旬,根据苹果树的不同树龄和叶螨的虫口基数,以1:36～64的益、害比,每株释放西方盲走螨雌成螨350～2,750头,经过45～60天,释放树上山楂叶螨和李始叶螨的种群数量发展缓慢,渐趋衰亡,达到完全控制。释放西方盲走螨不仅当年控制李始叶螨为害,可减少用药3～4次;其效果可持续两年。  相似文献   

Effect of excess degradable intake protein on early embryonic development, ovarian steroids, and blood urea nitrogen on days 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the estrous cycle in mature ewes     

Berardinelli JG  Weng J  Burfening PJ  Adair R 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(1):193-199

Two trials were conducted to determine whether feeding excess degradable intake protein (DIP) during a synchronized estrous cycle and the first 5 d after breeding alters early embryonic development, ovarian steroids, or BUN concentrations in ewes. Ewes were group-fed in Trial 1 (T1) and individually fed in Trial 2 (T2) either 100 (control; T1, n = 15; T2, n = 12) or 200% (high-protein; T1, n = 16; T2, n = 12) of the NRC protein recommendation for maintenance during a synchronized estrous cycle until surgery in the next cycle. Ampullae (AMP), isthmi (IST), and uterine horns (UT) of high-protein and control ewes were removed on d 2 (T1), 3 (T2), 4 (T1), or 5 (T2) after breeding. In T1, jugular blood samples were taken once daily starting on d 2 of the synchronized cycle, and in T2 on d 2, 9, 15, 16, and 17, and in both trials from estrus (d 0) to the day of surgery. Ampullae, IST, and UT flushings were examined microscopically for the presence of embryos, embryo condition, and embryo cell number. There was no trial x treatment interaction (P > or = 0.10), so data for both trials were pooled. Concentrations of BUN were higher (P < 0.05) in high-protein-fed ewes than in control ewes during the synchronized cycle and the first 5 d of the next cycle. Progesterone concentrations of the synchronized cycle did not differ (P > 0.10) between treatments. During the first 5 d of the next cycle, estradiol-17beta concentrations were lower (P = 0.06) in high-protein-fed than in control ewes. Progesterone increased (P < 0.05) to higher concentrations by d 5 in high-protein-fed ewes than in control ewes. More (P < 0.05) embryos were found in AMP of high-protein-fed ewes than in AMP of control ewes on d 4. Fewer (P = 0.05) embryos were found in UT of high-protein-fed ewes than in UT of control ewes on d 4. More embryos were found in UT of high-protein-fed ewes than in UT of control ewes on d 5. Fewer (P = 0.05) embryos were found in IST of high-protein ewes than in the IST of control ewes on d 5. Embryos of high-protein-fed ewes had more (P < 0.05) cells than embryos from control fed ewes on d 5. Feeding ewes excess DIP protein during an estrous cycle and the first 5 d after breeding initially impeded embryo transport; thereafter, embryo transport and development through the oviduct was accelerated.  相似文献   

啮小蜂视觉和触角在交配中的作用观察   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

陆剑锋邱鸿贵  邱中良沈伯钧 符文俊 《昆虫天敌》2005,27(1):15-20

本文研究了啮小蜂Tetrasichus,sp．视觉和触角在交配中的作用，实验结果表明，视觉对雄蜂起重要作用，对雌蜂作用则不显著；触角在啮小蜂求偶识别和接受中起重要的作用，雄蜂柄节具有一分泌小孔，求偶的雄蜂遇到雌蜂后柄节能分泌大量的膏状渗出物，雌蜂是靠接触雄蜂触角来识别和接受雄蜂。  相似文献   

弯曲针线虫对茶树的致病性和发生规律   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张绍升  翁自明  马俊英  陈裕绍 《植物病理学报》1992,22(2):156-156

 弯曲钏线虫(Paratylenchus curvitatus)是福建省茶园中普遍分布的一种植物寄生线虫。在一些茶园的茶树根围线中区系中,这种线虫的虫量占92%以上,100克茶根围土壤中可含弯曲针线虫达1500-2000条。  相似文献   

Seeing more clearly: recent advances in understanding retinal circuitry     

He S  Dong W  Deng Q  Weng S  Sun W 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,302(5644):408-411

Among 10 breakthroughs that Science announced at the end of 2002 was the discovery of a photosensing (melanopsin-containing) retinal ganglion cell (RGC) and its role in entraining the circadian clock. This breakthrough exemplifies the ultimate goal of neuroscience: to understand the nervous system from molecules to behavior. Light-sensing RGCs constitute one of a dozen discrete RGC populations coding various aspects of visual scenes by virtue of their unique morphology, physiology, and coverage of the retina. Interestingly, the function of the melanopsin-containing RGCs in entraining the circadian clock need not involve much retinal processing, making it the simplest form of processing in the retina. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of retinal circuitry, visual processing, and retinal development demonstrated by innovative experimental techniques. It also discusses the advantages of using the retina as a model system to address some of the key questions in neuroscience.  相似文献   

Protective effects of oral microencapsulated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine prepared by co-spray drying method   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Lin JH  Weng CN  Liao CW  Yeh KS  Pan MJ 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(1):69-74

The efficacy of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae oral vaccine was investigated in microsphere dosage form. A co-spray drying process was used to apply an encapsulating material, Eudragit L30 D-55, to microspheres containing Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigens. The microspheres were generally effective (>93%) with protein release at pH 7.4, but almost none were released at pH 1.2, for 3 hr in an in vitro dissolution test. An SPF-swine model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the microspheres as an oral vaccine, and the related immune responses. The serum's systemic IgG against M. hyopneumoniae was evoked by ELISA analysis, after a 2nd immunization of all pigs. The vaccinated groups' mean lesion score was significantly lower after the Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae challenge than that of the nonvaccinated/challenged groups (P<0.05). This study strongly suggests that the oral microspheres vaccine prepared by a co-spray drying method can provide effective protection against M. hyopneumoniae infection in pigs.  相似文献   

Oral immunization using formalin-inactivated Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae antigens entrapped in microspheres with aqueous dispersion polymers prepared using a co-spray drying process   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Liao CW  Chiou HY  Yeh KS  Chen JR  Weng CN 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2003,61(1):1-15

Oral-vaccine microspheres based on formalin-inactivated Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 (AP-1) antigens and enteric-coated polymers were prepared using a co-spray drying process. We evaluated using this for a peroral vaccine. We measured specific-antibody titers and protection from challenge in mouse and pig models. In mice (24 per group), a subcutaneous aluminum-adjuvant vaccine or oral vaccination with three doses of AQ6-AP microspheres provided similar protection against intranasal challenge with 5 x 10(8) colony-formation units (cfu) of AP-1 bacterial culture broth. Two weeks after four oral vaccinations with 600 mg of AQ6-AP microsphere acetate solution (containing formalin-inactivated AP-1 antigens of 1.0 x 10(10) cfu bacterial broth), pigs (9 per group) were challenged intranasally with 1 ml of AP-1 bacterial culture broth (5 x 10(9) cfu). The clinical signs, percentage of pig survival ratio, lung lesion areas, and microscopic examinations indicated that the oral AQ6-AP vaccine provided more protection than vaccinating pigs intramuscularly with AP-1 aluminum vaccine.  相似文献   

In vivo and in vitro comparisons of spray-drying and solvent- evaporation preparation of microencapsulated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae for use as an orally administered vaccine for pigs     

Lin JH  Pan MJ  Liao CW  Weng CN 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(8):1118-1123

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of an orally administered vaccine of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae that was prepared by spray drying or solvent evaporation. ANIMALS: Thirty 6-week-old, crossbred, specific-pathogen-free (SPF) pigs. PROCEDURE: Pigs were randomly allocated into 5 groups and housed in an SPF facility. Pigs in 2 groups (groups AQ and CAP) were fed M hyopneumoniae enteric-coated vaccine on days 0, 10, and 20. A third group (group IM) received an IM injection of M hyopneumoniae vaccine with aluminium hydroxide as an adjuvant on days 0, 10, and 20. The last 2 groups (non-vaccinated-challenged [NV-C] and nonchallenged [NC]) were fed a sham treatment. All 24 pigs in groups AQ, CAFP IM, and NV-C were challenge exposed with 5 ml of a 10% pneumonic lung suspension administered on day 40 via intubation of the trachea. All pigs were slaughtered and the lungs removed and examined for lesions on day 68. RESULTS: In vitro studies indicated that these 2 microencapsulation techniques formed an effective shell and protected mycoplasmal antigen from gastric acid. Results of inoculation and challenge tests indicated that microencapsulated M hyopneumoniae were sufficiently potent to induce an immune response and provide good protection. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Orally administered microencapsulated M hyopneumoniae vaccines induced an immune response and reduced the severity of lung lesions in challenge-exposed pigs. Results suggest that this novel method can be applied to other antigens, because the spray-drying process yielded an orally administered M hyopneumoniae vaccine that induced a good immune response.  相似文献   

半胱胺对猪生长性能、胴体品质和肉质的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郭建凤 《饲料研究》2006,(4):24-27

半胱胺作为生长抑素(SS)抑制剂,可有效降低体内生长抑素,促进动物生长,是一种较好的通过神经内分泌途径调控动物生长的生理调节剂。文章综述了近年来半胱胺对猪生长性能、胴体品质和肉质的研究进展。  相似文献   

福建中、东部养殖贝类质量状况调查     

翁新 《福建畜牧兽医》2006,28(3):3-5

2003～2005年对福建中、东部沿海的主要贝类养殖区养殖贝类进行质量抽检,品种包括菲律宾蛤仔、文蛤、牡蛎、贻贝及缢蛏,检测项目为汞、铅、砷、镉、石油烃等,并对检测结果进行分析讨论,结果表明大部分贝类产品卫生质量状况良好。  相似文献