玉米-大豆带状套作对大豆叶片形态及光合特性的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

于晓波  梁建秋  何泽民  廖俊华  张明荣  吴海英  明充  唐琼英  李小清 《中国油料作物学报》2016,(4):452-459

研究玉米-大豆带状套作下大豆不同生育时期的叶片形态和光合特性,探讨叶片对带状套作的响应机制,为耐荫大豆品种筛选与选育提供依据。以南豆12、桂夏1号和华夏5号等3个耐荫性存在显著差异的大豆品种为试验材料,在大田试验条件下,活体测定植株叶倾角、叶柄长度、叶形指数和光合特性,取样测定大豆叶片的比叶重和单株叶面积。结果表明:与单作相比,玉米大豆带状套作条件下,大豆叶倾角显著增加,苗期和花期上层增幅大,荚期则为下层增幅最大;叶形指数在苗期和花期显著增加,不同生育时期各品种不同层位对套作环境的响应程度不同;叶柄长度从大到小均依次表现为上层、中层、下层,且在套作下显著增加,其中苗期和花期上层增幅最大;比叶重和单株叶面积减小,大豆胞间CO2浓度上升,叶片净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均显著下降。不同品种对带状套作的响应程度不同,强耐荫品种南豆12叶倾角增幅大而叶柄长度增幅最小,比叶重、单株叶面积和净光合速率下降幅度均为最小;荫蔽敏感型品种华夏5号叶柄长度增幅最大而叶倾角增幅最小,叶片胞间CO2浓度显著增加,净光合速率和单株叶面积下降均最为明显。强耐荫品种南豆12在玉米大豆带状套作模式下,能够通过调节自身叶片形态适应环境变化,光合速率下降幅度较小,从光能截获和利用方面均表现出了对套作较强的适应能力。  相似文献   

存储时间与频率对芒果介电特性影响的研究     

袁子惠  廖宇兰 《热带作物学报》2010,34(5):1-4

为了探索存储时间与频率对芒果介电特性影响，构建了基于介电特性的芒果无损检测系统，测量了在不同存储时间和不同频率下的芒果的相对介电常数，探讨了频率及存储时间对芒果的介电特性的影响。研究得出结论：在室温为25 ℃，湿度为80 %的条件下，随着频率的增加，芒果的相对介电常数减小，而芒果的损耗因子也随着频率的增加而减小；随存储时间延长，芒果的相对介电常数及损耗因子呈现先降低后增加的变化趋势。  相似文献   

电力机车前照灯失效分析及优化设计     

廖国强  马连仲  颜宁 《技术与市场》2013,(7):1-2

针对当前电力机车用前照灯存在光强度不足、高寒环境下前照灯玻璃结霜等问题进行了分析,提出了新的处理措施和优化设计方案。通过试验验证和实际应用效果表明,这些新措施和优化方案的可行性和有效性。  相似文献   

临汾市尧都区沼气池建设现状与问题调查     

柳芬  刘慧  刘晓宁  张爱国  张水利 《山西农业科学》2014,(4):411-414

通过抽样问卷调查及入户访谈的方式,对临汾市尧都区贾得乡等4个乡镇10个村的沼气池建设现状及存在问题进行了研究。主要问题为:一是临汾市尧都区各乡镇沼气池建设数量参差不齐;二是沼气池用途过于单一,以做饭为主,部分用于照明;三是沼气池冬季利用率过低,闲置问题突出。并针对以上问题,提出了相应的建议。  相似文献   

基于工程目标训练的金工实习教学实践探索     

廖凯  李立君  胡劲松  魏德强 《湖南农机》2012,(9):162-163

针对我国高等工科院校培养的毕业生普遍存在工程实践训练(金工实习)不足,实践能力和创新能力不够的问题,借鉴国外"大工程"教育观和工程科技人才培养模式,紧密结合未来创新型、综合型、工程型高素质科技人才所需要的能力素质,在高校中探索以工程目标为教学导向的实习教学模式,为工科学生提供逼真的工程实训模式。  相似文献   

北部湾浮游幼虫群落结构及其环境适应性分析          下载免费PDF全文

王学锋  李纯厚  廖秀丽  贾晓平 《上海海洋大学学报》2010,(4):529-534

根据1998年2月至1999年5月在北部湾海域按季度进行的4个航次生态、环境综合调查资料,本文研究了北部湾海域浮游幼虫的主要类群及其季节变动。结果表明:北部湾海域浮游幼虫主要有15大类群;其中4类(长尾类幼虫、短尾类幼虫、口足类阿利玛幼虫、蛇尾类长腕幼虫)周年出现,其它为季节性出现。长尾类幼虫、口足类阿利玛幼虫、蛇尾类长腕幼虫、短尾类溞状幼虫、短尾类大眼幼虫及其它短尾类幼虫为优势类群。北部湾浮游幼虫的年丰度变化范围为0.02~7.65ind/m³,均值为0.50ind/m³,四季的丰度为夏季(0.86ind/m³)>春季(0.40ind/m³)>秋季(0.32ind/m³)>冬季(0.12ind/m³)。从春季到冬季整个浮游幼虫密集中心呈逆时针从湾的东北部向西北部海区移动,移至湾的中部后再返至西北部。K优势度曲线分析表明群落多样性由高到低依次为春季>冬季>夏季>秋季,总体上浮游幼虫群落多样性的季节差异不大。典范对应分析结果表明影响浮游幼虫栖息密度的主要因子是水温和pH,其次是盐度、溶解氧。  相似文献   

PPARγ agonist pioglitazone attenuates cortical neuron lesion and gliosis in rat brain of post-traumatic injury     

QIAO Bao-hua  GAO Jian-xin  WANG Fen  BING Guo-ying 《园艺学报》2010,26(5):912-916

AIM: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of pioglitazone (Pio), a potent agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), on the traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. METHODS: SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham group, vehicle+TBI group, Pio+TBI group and Pio+T0070907+TBI group. TBI was induced by the method of controlled cortical impact (CCI) injury. Neutral red staining technique was used to determine the cortical lesion volume. NeuN, GFAP and OX-42 were measured by immunohistochemical technique to evaluate the morphology of neurons, activation and infiltration of astrocytes and microglia at the edge of cortical lesion. RESULTS: CCI injury in rat elicited activation and proliferation of the astrocytes and microglia. The glial scar wall formation at the edge of cortical lesion, which was accompanied by the loss of neurons, was observed. Pio significantly reduced the cortical lesion volume, the activation and infiltration of the astrocytes and microglia, and the loss of pyramidal neurons at the edge of cortical lesion. T0070907, an antagonist of PPARγ, reversed the effects of Pio. CONCLUSION: Pioglitazone exerts a neuroprotective efficacy, attenuates the loss of neurons and cortical lesion volume following CCI injury by inhibiting the activation and infiltration of astrocytes and microglia, especially glial scar formation.  相似文献   

论网页问卷调查在图书馆中的应用     

廖文果 《农业图书情报学刊》2010,22(9):119-121,127

在提出网页问卷调查应用原理的基础上,重点分析了图书馆中设计网页问卷调查应注意的问题,并指出网页问卷调查相比于传统问卷调查的优势所在,最后提出研究网页问卷调查在图书馆中的应用具有非常重要的方法论意义。  相似文献   

Long-Term Effect of Fertilizer and Rice Straw on Mineral Composition and Potassium Adsorption in a Reddish Paddy Soil     

Yu-lin LIAO  Sheng-xian ZHENG  Jun NIE  Jian XIE  Yan-hong LU  Xiao-bo QIN 《农业科学学报》2013,12(4):694-710

Increasing K⁺ adsorption can be an effective alternative in building an available K pool in soils to optimize crop recovery and minimize losses into the environment. We hypothesized that long-term fertilization might change K⁺ adsorption because of changes in the chemical and mineralogical properties of a rice (Oryza sativa L.). The aims of this study were (i) to determine clay minerals in paddy soil clay size fractions using X-ray diffraction methods and a numerical diagram-decomposition method; (ii) to measure K⁺ adsorption isotherms before and after H₂O₂ oxidation of organic matter, and (iii) to investigate whether K⁺ adsorption is correlated with changes in soil chemical and mineral properties. The 30-yr long-term fertilization treatments caused little change in soil organic C (SOC) but a large variation in soil mineral composition. The whole-clay fraction (<5 μm) corresponded more to the fertilization treatment than the fine-clay fraction (<1 μm) in terms of percentage of illite peak area. The total percentage of vermiculite-chlorite peak area was significantly negatively correlated with the total percentage of illite peak area in the <5 μm soil particles (R=-0.946, P<0.0006). Different fertilization treatments gave significantly different results in K⁺ adsorption. The SOC oxidation test showed positive effects of SOC on K⁺ adsorption at lower K⁺ concentration (?120 mg L^?1) and negative effects at higher K⁺ concentration (240 mg L^?1). The K⁺ adsorption by soil clay minerals after SOC oxidization accounted for 60–158% of that by unoxidized soils, suggesting a more important role of soil minerals than SOC on K⁺ adsorption. The K⁺ adsorption potential was significantly correlated to the amount of poorly crystallized illite present (R=0.879, P=0.012). The availability of adsorbed K⁺ for plant growth needs further study.  相似文献   

论提高领导科学发展能力——谈高职院校学生管理层面危机事件管理     

廖仲柏 《吉林农业科技学院学报》2013,(1):37-39

高职院校危机管理已经成为了高职院校发展中一个崭新的课题。学生管理层面的危机是现阶段高职院校危机的主要来源，如何应对这些危机事件，对高校管理者来说是一个紧迫的现实问题。  相似文献