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91.
Edival Ângelo Valverde Zauza Lúcio Mauro da Silva Guimarães Nilza de Lima Pereira Sales Samuel Alves dos Santos Rafael Ferreira Alfenas Acelino Couto Alfenas 《Forest Pathology》2023,53(2):e12806
An outbreak of a new and severe disease was observed in Eucalyptus plantations of Bahia state, Brazil. An Ascomycota fungus has been frequently associated with the main symptoms of the disease namely leaf spot, branch cankers, shoot blight, defoliation, and dieback. Based on morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analysis (ITS and TEF-1α genes), and pathogenicity test on Eucalyptus plants, Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti was identified as the causal agent of the disease. Although P. eucalytpi has been known from in Brazil since 1998, this is the first report of it causing severe disease and die-back on Eucalyptus spp. and we also record new symptoms associated with the pathogen. 相似文献
92.
Purpose
Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have attracted a great deal of research interest for their potential environmental applications because of their unique properties. Adsorption of organic chemicals on CNMs was reported to be important in controlling their environmental risks. However, the kinetics of the adsorption is hardly investigated in literature. The objective of this work was, therefore, to quantitatively describe the sorption kinetics of 17 α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and bisphenol A (BPA) on CNMs as compared to activated carbon (AC). 相似文献93.
Ruijuan Li Jinfeng Zhao Chuanfan Sun Wenjing Lu Chengjin Guo Kai Xiao 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2010,4(2):195-209
As a kind of enzyme widely existing in eukaryotic species, especially in grains and oil seeds, phytases play an important
role in the degradation of some phosphates containing organic molecules. So far, phytases derived from various species have
been successfully used as animal feed additives. It has also been experimentally verified that phytases have a potential use
in generating crop germplasm with high phosphorus use efficiency, based on their biochemical role in releasing Pi from the
phytate and its derivatives. In this paper, the biochemical properties, molecular characterizations, functions and the potential
application perspective of phytases are reviewed and commented on, aiming at the further exploration of the biochemical and
molecular characterizations, and promotion of the application of phytases, a kind of important enzyme possessing potential
use in animal feeding and creation of high P use crop cultivars, in the future. 相似文献
94.
95.
Xing-Pu Li Su-Que Lan Ye-Lun Zhang Yu-Ping Liu 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(7):1007-1012
Pericarp color in wheat is an important trait related to nutrients and health benefits. Identification of molecular markers
closely linked to the grain color genes will help utilize pericarp trait in wheat breeding. Genetic studies involving F1, F2, and F3 populations from the cross Jizi 439 (purple grain)/Gao8901 (white grain) showed that the purple grain color was controlled
by two genes. By using the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) approach, two DNA pools were established from the dark purple-grain
and white-grain plants respectively. Among the 230 pairs of microsatellite primers used in this study, two markers showed
polymorphism in DNA pools, parents, F1 and F2 populations. Linkage analysis indicated that the two markers Xgwm47 and Xgwm155 were linked with two purple pigment genes. One of the purple pigment genes is located on chromosome 2AS and is 34.7cM away
from the marker Xgwm47, whereas another gene is mapped on 3AL with 14.7cM away from marker Xgwm155. 相似文献
96.
97.
Andreza S. Costa Luis Carlos Nogueira Venézio F. dos Santos Fernando Luiz Finger Terezinha Rangel Camara Vivian Loges Lilia Willadino 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,59(1):103-109
Inadequate temperatures during the shipping and commercialization of cut tropical flowers may accelerate the senescence process and cause chilling injury, leading to symptoms that have not yet been described for Heliconia bihai. The aim of the present study was to evaluate physiological responses in cut inflorescences of H. bihai cv. Lobster Claw (LC) and cv. Halloween (HW) as well as symptoms of senescence and chilling injury. For such, changes in fresh weight, bract color (L*, a* and b*), percentage of absolute integrity (PAI) of cell membranes and leakage of potassium ions (LPI) were determined. The flowering stems were evaluated at five different intervals after harvest (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 d). A refrigerated treatment (RT) with a temperature of 6.5 °C and 85% relative humidity was compared to a control treatment (CT) at room temperature of 24 °C and 66% relative humidity. Both cultivars stored at 6.5 °C exhibited dryness of bract tissue (symptom of senescence) and dark stains that became brownish and evolved to necrosis (symptom of chilling injury). The visual quality of inflorescences decreased with time in both cultivars maintained without refrigeration. The severity of chilling injury increased with the length of storage time in both cultivars. There was a significant reduction in the fresh weight of inflorescences in both treatments (RT and CT) and both cultivars (LC and HW). Bract color changed in both cultivars at 6.5 °C. There was no change in PAI throughout the evaluation period in the inflorescences stored at room temperature, whereas those stored at 6.5 °C for 6 and 8 d had lower PAI values. The inflorescences in the control treatment underwent no change in LPI values, whereas those stored under refrigeration had increased LPI values after the sixth day of storage. The physiological responses of cut Heliconia flowers were influenced by storage period and temperature, as demonstrated by visual symptoms of chilling injury and senescence. 相似文献
98.
99.
Living in poverty is associated with high levels of protracted stress associated with health problems. Economic and food insecurity
are particularly poignant aspects of poverty and condition the work of securing basic daily needs of families. Recent studies
suggest that levels of stress increase as family food needs rise. This paper presents new findings which clarify the relationship
of food provisioning to stress levels, by examining actual food provisioning strategies and food insecurity among the Northern
Cheyenne Indians of southeastern Montana. Results clearly show that stress varies by types of food acquisition strategies.
Contrary to our expectations, more complex strategies, including relatively unpredictable and cumbersome food provisioning
activities, are not linked to higher stress levels in our analysis. Controlling for food security levels, households using
a combination of local programs and informal subsistence sources are the least stressed, despite the demands of managing a
large number of food sources. Households primarily using Food Stamps are the most likely to experience high levels of stress.
Interviews with Food Stamp recipients show that potential sources of stress include inadequate allocations of Food Stamps,
difficulty achieving and maintaining eligibility, challenges to complying with paperwork and appointment requirements, as
well as personal obstacles and community barriers to making food stamps last. Analyses indicate that contradictions between
local cultural norms for food provisioning and the realities of food insecurity in this context promote strategies emphasizing
greater independence from federal food programs. 相似文献
100.
Changsheng Chen Chaotian Xie Dehua Ji Yan Liang Lingmin Zhao 《Aquaculture International》2010,18(6):1045-1060
To select a reliable and sensitive method for discriminating strains of Porphyra haitanensis, the nucleotide sequence of the internal transcribed spacer 1 to internal transcribed spacer 2 regions (ITS-5.8S) of nuclear
ribosomal DNA and the intergenic spacer region of RUBISCO were compared in five wild and five cultivated Porphyra haitanensis strains. Based on molecular analyses, sequences of ITS-5.8S (about 1,210 bp) could be divided into three regions: ITS1, 5.8S,
and ITS2. The ITS1 and ITS2 sequences of each strain differed, even between individuals collected from the same site. In contrast,
5.8S rDNA and RUBISCO spacer sequences were identical among the ten P. haitanensis strains, although differences were found among different Porphyra species. Phylogenetic analysis also supported these conclusions. These sequence features of highly conserved regions and
diversified regions that occurred repeatedly in ITS-5.8S could be useful in discriminating germplasm of P. haitanensis strains or Porphyra species. In contrast, the RUBISCO spacer is only suitable for identifying Porphyra species. New coupled primers were designed to amplify only the 5.8S rDNA and ITS2 region of Porphyra. The sequences of these amplified fragments can be readily used to identify germplasm or to perform phylogenetic analysis
of Porphyra spp. 相似文献