Genome-wide detection of genetic loci associated with soybean aphid resistance in soybean germplasm PI 603712     

Siddhi J. Bhusal  Guo-Liang Jiang  Qijian Song  Perry B. Cregan  David Wright  Jose L. Gonzalez-Hernandez 《Euphytica》2017,213(7):144

Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) has become one of the major pests of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in North America since 2000. At least four biotypes of soybean aphid have been confirmed in the United States. Genetic characterization of new sources of soybean aphid resistance will facilitate the expansion of soybean gene pool for soybean aphid resistance and thus will help to develop soybean aphid resistant cultivars. To characterize the genetic basis of soybean aphid resistance in PI 603712, a newly identified resistant germplasm line, 142 F₂ plants derived from the cross ‘Roberts’ × PI 603712 and their parents were evaluated for soybean aphid resistance in the greenhouse, and were genotyped with BARCSoySNP6K Illumina Infinium II BeadChip. A genome-wide molecular linkage map was constructed with 1495 polymorphic SNP markers. QTL analysis revealed that PI 603712 possessed two major loci associated with soybean aphid resistance, located on chromosome 7 and 16, respectively. The locus on chromosome 7 was dominantly expressed and positioned about one Mega-base-pair distant from the previously identified resistance locus Rag1. The locus on chromosome 16 was positioned near the previously identified resistance locus Rag3 and expressed partially dominance or additive effect. Interestingly, two minor loci were also detected on chromosomes 13 and 17 but the alleles from PI 603712 decreased the resistance. In developing soybean aphid resistant cultivars through marker-assisted selection, an appropriate combination of resistance loci should be selected when PI 603712 is used as a donor parent of resistance.  相似文献   

金银花中戊唑醇、苯醚甲环唑的残留分析     

王晓琳  刘玉霞  高素霞  杨帆  王飞  刘红彦 《中国农学通报》2017,33(19):143-147

为解决金银花种植过程中农药的使用问题,以金银花为试验对象,选用广谱杀菌剂戊唑醇和苯醚甲环唑,采用常量、倍量、二次和三次灌根处理,对最终的残留含量进行分析。头茬花各处理中苯醚甲环唑均未检出,而二茬花中戊唑醇的残留量为0.14~0.22 mg/kg,存在残留超标风险。建议使用10%苯醚甲环唑4000倍液灌根处理,防治金银花土传病害,灌根2~3次,安全间隔期15天。  相似文献   

雪灾对农业影响的损失评估   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高益波  胡波  丁烨毅  赵伍杰 《中国农学通报》2017,33(19):122-125

为了分析雪灾对宁波市农业影响的损失,并对其进行评估。本研究选取宁波市2014年一次降雪过程,基于自然灾害理论,综合考虑形成雪灾损失的危险性、暴露性、脆弱性和防灾减灾能力,将遥感、地理信息技术与雪灾损失相结合构建雪灾损失评估模型。结合土地利用类型图,提取农业用地,将雪灾对农业影响的损失区域划分为低损失、中损失和高损失,并进行分区评述。结果表明:余姚市的积雪覆盖面积最大,且雪灾各损失等级所占面积均最大,受灾最严重;海曙区、江东区和江北区无积雪覆盖,无雪灾损失。雪灾高损失区域主要位于海拔较高的余姚南部和鄞州西部山区。  相似文献   

脉冲电流烧结Al₂O₃颗粒的广义热弹性分析     

张龙  张晓敏  褚钟祥  彭松 《保鲜与加工》2017,(4):18-23

脉冲电流烧结过程的颈部形成机理,特别是非导电粉末材料,是需要着重研究的核心问题。以非导电Al₂O₃粉末为研究对象,引入L-S（Lord and Shulman）型广义热弹性方程,初步探究烧结初期非导电粉末颈部局部高温形成以及快速烧结机理。利用Comsol Multiphysics模拟得到脉冲电流烧结过程中颗粒内部的温度场和应力场分布以及烧结颈部的化学势和空位浓度变化规律。数值结果表明,热以波的形式在烧结颈部产生叠加,形成局部高温。化学势变化表明：烧结初期表面扩散占主要作用,空位浓度差的突变使烧结颈部产生局部空位浓度梯度,促进烧结颈长过程,缩短烧结时间。  相似文献   

高温下钢管约束型钢混凝土柱的受力性能   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王卫永  宋柯岩  刘界鹏 《保鲜与加工》2017,(3):58-66

火灾下无防火保护的结构构件温度会迅速上升,从而造成钢材和混凝土的强度明显下降。为了研究火灾下钢管约束型钢混凝土柱的受力性能,考虑火灾下钢管约束型钢混凝土柱的不均匀温度分布及温度对材料力学性能的影响,提出了火灾下受轴心荷载作用的钢管约束型钢混凝土柱承载力的计算方法。利用有限元软件ABAQUS对提出的计算方法进行了验证,结果吻合较好。进而采用该计算方法对影响高温下承载力的参数进行了分析,研究表明：随着构件截面尺寸的增加以及混凝土强度和钢材强度的提高,构件的承载力逐渐增加,而钢管壁厚的改变对承载力并无太大影响。利用有限元软件ABAQUS分析了荷载比、构件尺寸、钢管壁厚等因素对构件耐火极限的影响,发现耐火极限随着荷载比和钢管壁厚的增加而减小,随着构件尺寸的增加而增大。  相似文献   

Identifying and exploring significant genomic regions associated with soybean yield,seed fatty acids,protein and oil     

Christopher J. Smallwood  Jason D. Gillman  Arnold M. Saxton  Hem S. Bhandari  Phillip A. Wadl  Benjamin D. Fallen  David L. Hyten  Qijian Song  Vincent R. Pantalone 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(4):243-253

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] yield and seed fatty acids, protein, and oil content are important traits for which an improved understanding of significant genomic regions would be useful. To accomplish this, a soybean population consisting of 203 F5 derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed and genotyped with 11,633 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Each RIL was grown in a single plot at Knoxville, TN in 2010; followed by replicated, multi-location field trials in 2013 and 2014. The data from 2010, 2013, and 2014 were analyzed together in order to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for these traits, and 30 total QTLs were detected. Five QTLs are candidates for confirmed status and one QTL is a candidate for positional confirmation. Many of the genes with mutations in close proximity to the fatty acid QTLs are involved in biological processes for fatty acids and/or lipids and could be considered possible candidate genes. Similarly, genes with mutations in genomic regions near yield, protein, and oil QTLs were plentiful and may contribute to the variation observed in these traits. Except for yield and stearic acid, each trait displayed pleiotropic effects with other traits in this study. Notable are the pleiotropic effects for oleic and linolenic acid on chromosomes 9, 13, and 19. Overall, the findings from this research contribute new information to the genetic understanding of soybean yield and seed fatty acids, protein and oil content. This understanding will be useful in making trait improvements.  相似文献   

Allelic composition and associated quality traits of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Glu-1</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Glu-3</Emphasis> loci in selected modern Ethiopian durum wheat varieties     

Daniel Hailegiorgis  Chong Ae Lee  Song Joong Yun 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(5):387-392

Gluten protein determines the processing quality of both durum wheat and bread wheat. The glutenin subunits compositions and associated quality traits of 20 Ethiopian durum wheat varieties were systematically analyzed using SDS-PAGE and Payne numbers. A total of 16 glutenin patterns were identified. At the Glu-A1 locus, all varieties scored the null allele. The predominant glutenin alleles at the Glu-B1 locus were Glu-B1b (7+8) and Glu-B1e (20). In Glu-3, the most abundant glutenin subunits were Glu-A3a and Glu-B3c. Based on the Payne scores, the varieties Yerer, Ginchi, Candate, and Foka were identified to have allelic composition suitable for pasta making. The cluster analysis using agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) method classified the varieties into four similarity classes. Based on the findings of this experiment, suggestions were made for allelic composition improvement through introgression of superior alleles from known Glu-1 and Glu-3 sources.  相似文献   

植物DNA甲基化研究进展     

高弘扬  许丹芸  周良云  罗碧  杨全 《湖北林业科技》2020,49(1):39-43,52

植物经常暴露在各种生物和非生物的胁迫之下,这些胁迫会影响植物的生长发育和繁殖并最终导致植物死亡。为了抵御不利的环境条件,植物已经进化出复杂而精细的网络来感知胁迫并激活防御系统。为此,植物激活许多信号转导通路,这些信号转导通路可以改变一些胁迫响应基因的表达,从而引起植物形态、生理和生化的改变以适应逆境。DNA胞嘧啶甲基化是高等真核生物的主要表观遗传机制之一,在维持基因组稳定性和调节基因表达方面起着关键作用。表观遗传变异比遗传变异更为灵活。一旦环境条件发生变化,为了适应新的环境植物都会发生表观遗传的改变。许多研究表明DNA甲基化参与植物的发育和应激反应。基于相关研究对DNA甲基化进行了综述,对植物逆境胁迫有重要意义。  相似文献   

长节箬竹不同部位叶片生理活性比较     

潘露嘉  廖静  张丹丹  郭依雨  方琼梅  宋春草  彭言劼 《湖北林业科技》2020,49(3):17-20

为研究竹类植物不同部位叶片的生理活性并选出较高活性的叶片,对长节箬竹不同节、小枝和叶序的叶片的净光合速率、叶绿素含量和可溶性糖含量进行了测定。结果表明:位于主枝顶端和第1节上的叶片生理活性较强,同一竹节的丛生枝条中边缘小枝的叶片生理活性较强,同一小枝中从顶端往下完全展开的第2～6个叶片生理活性均较强。以上结果可作为竹类植物叶片指标评价的采样依据。  相似文献   

朝鲜黄杨种源试验苗期效果初报     

宋佩东 《防护林科技》2020,(1):46-47

利用引进的锦州、沈阳、大连、鞍山4个产地朝鲜黄杨(Buxus microphylla var.koreana)种源进行播种试验,对幼苗出苗率、保存率、苗高、地径、分枝数、冠幅调查测量。结果表明:4个种源的出苗率、当年苗高、分枝数、冠幅均存在显著差异,地径差异不显著。沈阳种源播种出苗率最高,为75.48%;沈阳、大连种源当年苗高14.53 cm、14.08 cm,分枝数9.43条、9.21条,冠幅12.02 cm、10.00 cm,显著高于鞍山、锦州种源;苗木越冬保存率均在90%以上。沈阳种源表现最好。鞍山和锦州种源表现较差。  相似文献