Effect of Stabilized Rice Bran Fractions on the Formation of Rice Flour Pasting Properties     

Mohammed I. Saleh  Ziad Y. Abu‐Waar  Muhanad W. Akash  Maher Al‐Dabbas 《Cereal Chemistry》2014,91(6):603-609

Rice flour composition played a key role in determining the changes in pasting properties of rice flour. The influence of incorporating defatted rice bran (DFRB), rice bran fiber (RBF), rice bran protein (RBP), and stabilized rice bran (SRB) fractions on the mechanism of rice flour pasting viscosities was investigated. Pasting properties of long‐ and medium‐grain rice flour substituted with 5, 10, 15, 20, and 100% bran fractions resulted in a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in rice flour pasting property values. Flour substituted with RBP had the lowest pasting property measurements compared with other fractions, and the greater the percentage substituted, the lower the pasting property values. DFRB and RBF were least affected properties when used as a replacement. Results were attributed to the contribution of rice starch in the mechanism of rice paste formation, in which decreasing starch in a rice flour sample, as a result of substituting with fractions of SRB, may have resulted in faster swelling of starch granules to the maximum extent and increased their susceptibility to be disrupted by shear, resulting in low paste viscosities. Results also suggested that protein structural integrity and the nature of starch–protein bonding affected rice flour pasting mechanism formation.  相似文献   

Biodegradation kinetics of endosulfan by Fusarium ventricosum and a Pandoraea species     

Siddique T  Okeke BC  Arshad M  Frankenberger WT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(27):8015-8019

Endosulfan, classified as an organochlorine pesticide, is rated by the U.S. EPA as a Category 1 pesticide with extremely high acute toxicity. This study describes the biodegradation kinetics of endosulfan and the metabolic pathway utilized by Fusarium ventricosum and a Pandoraea sp. Complete disappearance of both alpha- and beta-endosulfan was observed during 12 days of incubation with F. ventricosum in flasks containing 100 mg L(-)(1) of endosulfan. The rate constants (k) for biodegradation of alpha- and beta-endosulfan by F. ventricosum using zero-order kinetics were 14.22 and 6.60 mg L(-)(1) day(-)(1), respectively. The Pandoraea sp. degraded about 95 and 100% of alpha- and beta-endosulfan, respectively, in 18 days of incubation in flasks spiked with 100 mg L(-)(1) of endosulfan. The rate constants (k) for biodegradation of alpha- and beta-endosulfan by the Pandoraea sp. were 8.19 and 3.78 mg L(-)(1) day(-)(1), respectively. Both fungal and bacterial strains formed less toxic endosulfan diol and endosulfan ether as metabolites during metabolism of endosulfan. The results of this study suggest that these novel strains may be used for the bioremediation of endosulfan-contaminated sites.  相似文献   

Food preferences and consumption parameters of Cabbage butterfly,Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) on different kale genotypes     

Hassan  Shafia  Ahmad  Tariq  Hussain  Barkat 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2023,130(1):45-55

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Food preferences and consumption parameters of Pieris brassicae larvae were carried out on 17&nbsp;kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) genotypes....  相似文献   

Chloroplast derived SSRs reveals genetic relationships in domesticated alliums and wild relatives     

Jayaswall  Kuldip  Sharma  Himanshu  Bhandawat  Abhishek  Sagar  R.  Jayaswal  Deepanshu  Kumar  Akash  Chaturvedi  Pratibha  Mahajan  Vijay  Kumar  Sanjay  Singh  Major 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(1):363-372

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Alliums comprise of popular spices and used for various culinary purposes and nutraceuticals. Poor genetic characterization and scarce information regarding...  相似文献   

Different Eucalyptus Species Show Different Mechanisms of Tolerance to Salinity and Salinity × Hypoxia     

Muhammad Nasim  Riaz H. Qureshi  Tariq Aziz  M. Saqib  Shafqat Nawaz  J. Akhtar 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):1427-1439

ABSTRACT

We studied the effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) salinity and oxygen deficiency stress on growth and leaf ionic composition of three Eucalyptus species [E. tereticornis, E. camaldulensis (Silverton), and E. camaldulensis (Local)]. Species were grown with control (no NaCl) and salinity (150 mol m^?3 NaCl) under hypoxic and non-hypoxic conditions in nutrient solution with five replications following CRD. Species differed significantly in their response to salinity and hypoxia. Absolute shoot dry matter was significantly better in E. camaldulensis (Silverton) in salinity and in E. camaldulensis (Local) in saline hypoxic treatment. E. tereticornis was the most sensitive species to salinity and salinity × hypoxia in the root environment. Sodium (Na⁺) and chloride (Cl^?) concentrations were significantly lower in E. camaldulensis (Local) in non-hypoxic saline treatment compared to the other two species. E. camaldulensis (Silverton) seems to have better tissue compartmentalization, whereas E. camaldulensis (local) seems to have better exclusion of Na⁺ at the root level.  相似文献   

BORON NUTRIPRIMING IMPROVES THE GERMINATION AND EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)     

Muhammad Farooq  Atique-ur-Rehman  Tariq Aziz  Mazhar Habib 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1507-1515

Boron (B) is one of the important micronutrient required for rice in particular during reproductive growth. A laboratory study was conducted to explore the potential of boron nutripriming in improving the germination and early seedling growth of rice. Seeds of fine grain aromatic rice cultivar Super Basmati were primed in aerated B solution (0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 0.5% w/v) while untreated dry seeds were taken as control. Seed priming in 0.001 and 0.1% B solutions improved the time to 50% germination, germination energy, final germination percentage, mean germination time, and germination index. Beyond this concentration either there was no effect or an adverse effect on rice seeds. In the cases of radicle length, plumule length and secondary roots priming more diluted B solution, i.e., 0.001% proved better than rest of the treatments as suppression in these three traits was observed by other B treatments than control. Seed priming in relatively concentrated B solution, i.e., 0.5% completely suppressed the germination and growth.  相似文献   

VARIATION IN PHOSPHORUS EFFICIENCY AMONG BRASSICA CULTIVARS I: INTERNAL UTILIZATION AND PHOSPHORUS REMOBILIZATION     

Tariq Aziz  Iftikhar Ahmed  Muhammad Farooq  M. Aamer Maqsood  Muhammad Sabir 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(13):2006-2017

Plants have adapted a number of mechanisms to cope with widespread phosphorus (P) deficiency in arable lands. Crop species and even cultivars differ widely in one or more of these adaptive mechanisms hence, in P efficiency. Identification of these mechanisms is pre-requisite for long term breeding programs. Two independent experiments were conducted to study the possible mechanisms of P efficiency in Brassica cultivars. Eight Brassica cultivars (‘B.S.A.’, ‘Toria’, ‘Toria Selection’, ‘Brown Raya’, ‘Peela Raya’, ‘Dunkeld’, ‘Rainbow’, and ‘CON-1’) were selected on the basis of differences in growth under P deficiency from preliminary experiment. In the first experiment, cultivars were grown for 40 days in sand supplied either with sparingly soluble phosphate rock (PR) or soluble mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP). Cultivars differed significantly (P<0.05) for biomass production, P contents and P use efficiency. Low P availability in PR treatment resulted in significantly lower dry weights and P contents than those grown with MAP. The cultivars ‘Rainbow’, ‘Brown Raya’ and ‘Dunkeld’ accumulated more biomass (3.2 g/pot) and P contents (3.0 mg/pot) than other cultivars when grown with PR. Root dry weight was significantly correlated with shoot dry weight, shoot P content and total P content (r > 0.65) indicating significance of improved root growth for P acquisition. While in the second experiment cultivars were grown with adequate P for 30 days and then P was withdrawn from the nutrient solution by replacing fresh P free nutrient solution for 10 days. Induced P deficiency increased P contents in young leaves by two folds indicating remobilization of P from older leaves and shoot. Nonetheless cultivars varied for remobilization but differences in P remobilization could not explain the differences in P utilization efficiency among cultivars. Hence further experimentation to study root morphology, P uptake, and organic acid exudation by these cultivars in relation to P deficiency is recommended.  相似文献   

GROWTH,NUTRIENT ACQUISITION,AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF HYDROPONIC GROWN TOMATO TO SODIUM CHLORIDE SALT INDUCED STRESS     

Safwan M. Shiyab  Mohamad A. Shatnawi  Rida A. Shibli  Nihad G. Al Smeirat  Jamal Ayad  Muhanad W. Akash 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(4):665-676

□ Growth and nutrient acquisition of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cv ‘Amani’ were studied under induced salt stress in Hoagland's solution. The plants were treated for 37 days with salinity induced by incorporating different concentrations [0.0 (control), 50, 100, 150, or 200 mM] of sodium chloride (NaCl) to the nutrient solution. Slight reduction was obtained in growth represented by (shoot length and number, leaf number, and dry weight) when seedlings were directly exposed to NaCl stress from 0.0 to 100 mM. At higher concentrations (150 or 200 mM), growth parameters were adversely affected and seedlings died thereafter. Elevated salinity significantly reduced crude protein and fiber in shoots and roots. Tomato shoot and root contents of potassium (K), iron (Fe), and ash were reduced significantly in response to increased levels of salinity. Tissue contents of sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) increased with elevated salinity treatments.  相似文献   

Effect of short-term supply of farmyard manure on maize growth and soil parameters in pot culture     

Sajid Masood  Tayyaba Naz  M. Tariq Javed  Ijaz Ahmed  Habib Ullah  Muhammad Iqbal 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(3):337-347

Farmyard manure (FYM) improves various soil parameters and to a large extent, the availability of water and nutrient to crops when it is applied to the soil. This study aims to further investigate the short-term effects of different levels of FYM on maize plants and soil parameters. Maize plants grown in pot culture were treated with no FYM (control), recommended NPK (inorganic fertilizers), and FYM at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 t ha^?1 along with recommended NPK, and the cultures were analyzed 8 weeks after germination. Soil bulk density and soil pH decreased with the increasing levels of FYM, whereas soil porosity, soil organic matter (SOM), soil water content, plant height, root and shoot yield, and NPK uptake of maize were increased compared with the control or recommended NPK, respectively. The present results indicate that short-term application of higher FYM levels improves soil properties. Furthermore, the application of FYM at only higher rates significantly increases the nutrient uptake of maize plants due to improved soil properties. The supply of different amounts of nutrients increases biomass and nutrient uptake in plants.  相似文献   

Risks factors associated with subclinical mastitis in water buffaloes in Pakistan   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Riaz Hussain  Muhammad Tariq Javed  Ahrar Khan  Ghulam Muhammad 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(8):1723-1729

The present study was carried to ascertain the association of various risk factors of mastitis in water buffaloes. The milk samples from buffaloes were collected and screened through California Mastitis Test for the presence of mastitis. In the present study, 15.2 % prevalence of subclinical mastitis was recorded both at the government (13.4 %) and private farms (15.5 %). The chi-square analysis showed significantly higher involvement of the right rear and front quarters. The analysis of variance technique showed significant difference in live body weight, milk yield, teat end to floor distance (P?<?0.001), udder depth, teat length, and teat diameter in mastitic and healthy buffaloes. The frequency analysis also revealed significant difference between various groups including lactation stage, teat and/or udder pathology, teat shape, and udder shape (P?<?0.001). The logistic regression analysis revealed significant positive association of mastitis with milk leakage, live body weight, milk yield, parity, calf suckling, pendulous udder, number of attendants at the farm, dirty hind legs, and udder depth.  相似文献