Growth of Amazon ornamental fish Nannostomus beckfordi larvae (Steindachner, 1876) submitted to different stocking densities and feeding management in captivity conditions     

Higo Andrade Abe  Joel Artur Rodrigues Dias  Natalino da Costa Sousa  Mrcia Valria Silva do Couto  Ryuller Gama Abreu Reis  Peterson Emmanuel Guimares Paixo  Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(8):2276-2280

The study evaluated productive performance of larvae Nannostomus beckfordi submitted to feeding management (Experiment one) and different stock density (Experiment two) in captivity conditions. The first experiment evaluated feeding rate (100 and 200 nauplii of artemia larvae^?1 day^?1) and feeding frequency (2 and 4× per day). Second experiment evaluated different stock density (1, 5, 10, 20, 40 larvae per litre). At the end of 15 days, for both experiment, the survival and productive performance such as total length (TL), final weight (FW), specific development rate (SDR), specific growth rate (SGR), uniformity for weight (UW) uniformity for length (UL) and relative condition factor (Kr) was determined. For the main results, there is no significant difference to the rate and feeding frequency. The stock density has no significant difference for UW, Kr and survival. Nonetheless, a reduction in the TL, FW, SDR, SGR and FW with the increase in density (20 for 40 larvae per litre) was observed. Thus, for this species Nannostomus beckfordi during to initial stage using exogenous feeding, it is recommended 20 larvae per litre fed with 100 nauplii per larvae having two meals per day.  相似文献   

Reproductive cycle of the Amazonian planktivorous catfish Hypophthalmus marginatus (Siluriformes,Pimelodidae)     

Patrick Hainfellner  Rafael Yutaka Kuradomi  Thiago Gonalves de Souza  Rafael Tomoda Sato  Daniel Guimares Figueiredo‐Ariki  Guilherme Antnio de Freitas  Luciano Queiroz  Wagner C. Valenti  Patricia Moraes Valenti  Wei Ge  Sergio Ricardo Batlouni 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(11):3382-3391

We evaluated the annual process of oocyte and ovarian development of the planktivorous Amazonian catfish, the mapará (Hypophthalmus marginatus), aiming to support captive reproduction for domestication. A total of 149 females were captured from the Tocantins River at the Tucuruí Dam (3°49'55"S, 49°39'9"W) in 13 sampling events. For each individual, we evaluated ovary histology and plasma steroid concentrations. Two annual reproductive cycles, with similar characteristics, including a long period of rest, a short vitellogenic stage and a well‐defined spawning season from November to March, were described. A 17β‐estradiol (E₂) rise and a 17α,20β‐dihydroxy‐4‐pregnen‐3‐one (DHP) peak were associated with vitellogenesis and spawning season, respectively, in the first cycle but not in the second reproductive cycle. In conclusion, the studied species presents a reproductive cycle similar to that of other migratory total spawners; however, unusually for this group of fish, there were three (but not two) batches of vitellogenic oocytes in “in maturation” and “mature” stage ovaries, pointing to the possibility of more than one spawn during the spawning season.  相似文献   

In vitro selection of autochthonous lactic acid bacterium from clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris     

Peterson Emmanuel Guimares Paixo  Mrcia Valria Silva Couto  Natalino Costa Sousa  Higo Andrade Abe  Joel Artur Rodrigues Dias  Juliana Oliveira Meneses  Fernanda Santos Cunha  Jos Luiz Pereira Mourino  Maurício Latera Martins  Rodrigo Yudi Fujimoto 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(2):848-851

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Nanoemulsions with oleoresin of Copaifera reticulata (Leguminosae) improve anthelmintic efficacy in the control of monogenean parasites when compared to oleoresin without nanoformulation     

Dayna Filocreão Malheiros  Icaro Rodrigues Sarquis  Irlon Maciel Ferreira  Patrick Delgado Mathews  Omar Mertins  Marcos Tavares-Dias 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(6):687-695

This study compared the in vitro anthelmintic activity of Copaifera reticulata oleoresin (200, 400, 600, 800 and 1,000 mg/L) and of nanoemulsions prepared with this oleoresin (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg/L) against monogeneans on the gills of Colossoma macropomum. The major compounds present in the oleoresin of C. reticulata were γ-macrocarpene (14.2%), α-bergamotene (13.6%), β-selinene (13.4%) and β-caryophyllene (11.7%). All concentrations of the nanoemulsion and the oleoresin without nanoformulation showed anthelmintic efficacy against monogeneans, and higher concentrations led to more rapid parasite mortality. Structural damages to the tegument of the parasites exposed to C. reticulata oleoresin were observed with scanning electron microscopy. At two hours of exposure, fish showed 100% tolerance to all nanoemulsion concentrations used in the in vitro assays, whereas 100% mortality was shown in the fish exposed to the oleoresin without nanoformulation after one hour. The results of this study suggest that nanoemulsions with oleoresin of C. reticulata have advantages in the control and treatment of monogenean infections in C. macropomum when compared to the oleoresin without nanoformulation. In addition, since nanoemulsions with the C. reticulata oleoresin are safe to control monogeneans, the efficacy of these nanoformulations may be assayed in therapeutic baths to treat C. macropomum infected by monogeneans.  相似文献   

Survival of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens in weeds     

Daniele M. Nascimento  Letícia R. Oliveira  Luana L. Melo  João C. Silva  José M. Soman  Karine T. Girotto  Renan P. Eburneo  Marcos R. Ribeiro-Junior  Maria M. P. Sartori  Tadeu A. F. Silva Júnior  Antonio C. Maringoni 《Plant pathology》2020,69(7):1357-1367

Weeds are important alternative hosts of pathogens, responsible for the survival and spread of phytopathogenic bacteria. Our study evaluated the potential of weeds as hosts of Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens (Cff), causal agent of bacterial wilt, one of the main diseases of common beans. Cff survival was evaluated in the phyllosphere and in the rhizosphere of 21 weeds, in four experiments under field conditions, during the years 2018 and 2019. The aerial part of the plant was inoculated by spraying bacterial suspension (10⁷ cfu/ml) of Cff, while the soil of the growing pots was infested with the same suspension. Cff survival was evaluated every 7 days, for 70 days. The identity of the bacterium was confirmed by PCR with the specific primers CffFOR2 and CffREV4, from strains recovered from all samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that high temperatures and rainfall reduced Cff survival in the phyllosphere, while high temperatures reduced the survival of the bacterium in the rhizosphere. Our results demonstrated that Amaranthus viridis (family Amaranthaceae), Conyza bonariensis, Emilia fosbergii, Galinsoga parviflora, Gnaphalium purpureum (Asteraceae), Raphanus sativus, Lepidium virginicum (Brassicaceae), Commelina benghalensis (Commelinaceae), Ipomoea triloba (Convolvulaceae), Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae), Senna obtusifolia (Fabaceae), Digitaria insularis (Poaceae), Nicandra physalodes, and Solanum americanum (Solanaceae) are potential hosts for Cff. Their eradication in common bean fields is recommended, especially in fields with a history of bacterial wilt occurrence.  相似文献   

Amentadione from the Alga Cystoseira usneoides as a Novel Osteoarthritis Protective Agent in an Ex Vivo Co-Culture OA Model     

Nuna Araújo  Carla S. B. Viegas  Eva Zubía  Joana Magalhes  Accio Ramos  Maria M. Carvalho  Henrique Cruz  Joo Paulo Sousa  Francisco J. Blanco  Cees Vermeer  Dina C. Simes 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Osteoarthritis (OA) remains a prevalent chronic disease without effective prevention and treatment. Amentadione (YP), a meroditerpenoid purified from the alga Cystoseira usneoides, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity. Here, we investigated the YP anti-osteoarthritic potential, by using a novel OA preclinical drug development pipeline designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-mineralizing activities of potential OA-protective compounds. The workflow was based on in vitro primary cell cultures followed by human cartilage explants assays and a new OA co-culture model, combining cartilage explants with synoviocytes under interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulation. A combination of gene expression analysis and measurement of inflammatory mediators showed that the proposed model mimicked early disease stages, while YP counteracted inflammatory responses by downregulation of COX-2 and IL-6, improved cartilage homeostasis by downregulation of MMP3 and the chondrocytes hypertrophic differentiation factors Col10 and Runx2. Importantly, YP downregulated NF-κB gene expression and decreased phosphorylated IkBα/total IkBα ratio in chondrocytes. These results indicate the co-culture as a relevant pre-clinical OA model, and strongly suggest YP as a cartilage protective factor by inhibiting inflammatory, mineralizing, catabolic and differentiation processes during OA development, through inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathways, with high therapeutic potential.  相似文献   

Sorghum silage quality as determined by chemical–nutritional factors     

Paulo Henrique Mazza Rodrigues  Lerner Arévalo Pinedo  Paula Marques Meyer  Thiago Henrique da Silva  Iuli Caetano da Silva Brandão Guimarães 《Grass and Forage Science》2020,75(4):462-473

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an ensilable tropical plant known as a good alternative to maize crops in regions with scarce rainfall. The objective of this trial was to obtain prediction models based on nutritional contents and end products of sorghum silage fermentation as related to the dry-matter composition of fresh plants before ensiling. Eleven different sorghum cultivars (including silage, graniferous and sweet types) were used. Twenty-five sorghum plots were harvested between 80 and 120 days of growth. Fifty plastic buckets were used as experimental microsilos and opened between 60 and 90 days of storage. Statistical modelling was used to create a prediction equation that could explain the impact of fresh sorghum composition on the chemical and nutritional composition of its silage. A complex model was detected by stepwise multiple regression to predict the difference of in vitro dry-matter digestibility (IVDMD) before and after ensiling, but a simpler model, which involved only the sum of water-soluble carbohydrate (fWSC) and hemicellulose (fHemi) concentrations in the dry matter of fresh forage, was considered to more usable. It had an acceptable coefficient of determination (0.51). The higher amount of WSC and Hemi in fresh sorghum linearly decreased the difference between IVDMD before and after the ensiling process. A WSC concentration of 125.4 g/kg DM in fresh sorghum is recommended for an ideal silage fermentation when considering pH and lactic acid levels, although ethanol levels continued to increase.  相似文献   

Unravelling the inheritance,QST and reproductive phenology attributes of the tetraploid tropical grass Brachiaria ruziziensis (Germain et Evrard)          下载免费PDF全文

Rosangela M. Simeão  Cacilda B. Valle  Marcos D. V. Resende 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(1):101-110

The autotetraploid forage Congo signal grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis) is an important component in the Brachiaria breeding programme. As with other tropical forage grass species, the association between flowering and seed yield components, the mode of inheritance and the effects of population structure on phenotypic breeding are lacking. Seventeen characteristics evaluated in 59 half‐sib progeny of seven subpopulations were analysed using a mixed model methodology. According to the commonality analysis, the total seed yield (0.67) and number of days to flowering (0.22) had a greater influence on the filled‐seed yield. The flowering synchrony, total number of panicles, filled‐seed yield, green matter yield and dry matter yield presented statistically significant additive genetic variance between and within the subpopulations. The Q_ST estimates ranged from 0.09 for the flowering synchrony index to 0.31 for the filled‐seed yield. The effects of population structure and its use in breeding programmes are further discussed.  相似文献   

Virus neutralization technique as a tool to evaluate the virological profile for bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in dairy water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) herds     

Paixão  Sonália Ferreira  Fritzen  Juliana Torres Tomazi  Alfieri  Alice Fernandes  Alfieri  Amauri Alcindo 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(4):911-914

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Serological evidence shows that the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections are present in Brazilian dairy and beef water buffalo herds. As few reports...  相似文献   

In vitro serial subculture to improve rooting of Eucalyptus urophylla     

Mendonça  Evânia Galvão  Batista  Tânia Regina  Stein  Vanessa Cristina  Balieiro  Flávia Pereira  de Abreu  José Renato  Pires  Marinês Ferreira  de Souza  Patrícia Aparecida  Paiva  Luciano Vilela 《New Forests》2020,51(5):801-816

New Forests - The aim of this study was to improve the rooting efficiency of Eucalyptus urophylla clones by in vitro reinvigoration/rejuvenation in two clones (02 and 04) from the breeding program...  相似文献