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Rassnick KM Moore AS Northrup NC Kristal O Beaulieu BB Lewis LD Page RL 《American journal of veterinary research》2006,67(3):510-516
OBJECTIVE: To determine the maximally tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicosis (DLT) of ifosfamide in tumor-bearing cats. ANIMALS: 38 cats with resected, recurrent, or metastatic sarcomas. PROCEDURE: The starting dosage of ifosfamide was 400 mg/m(2) of body surface area, IV, and dosages were increased by 50 to 100 mg/m(2) in cohorts of 3 cats. To protect against urotoxicosis, mesna was administered at a dosage equal to 20% of the calculated ifosfamide dosage. Diuresis with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution before and after administration of ifosfamide was used to minimize nephrotoxicosis. Samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were obtained after the MTD was reached. RESULTS: 38 cats were entered into this phase I study and were administered a single dose of ifosfamide at various dosages. The MTD was 1,000 mg/m(2), and neutropenia was the DLT. Seven of 8 episodes of neutropenia were on day 7 after treatment, and 1 cat developed severe neutropenia on day 5. Adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract were generally mild and self-limiting, the most common of which was nausea during ifosfamide infusion. One cat had signs consistent with a drug-induced hypersensitivity reaction. There were no episodes of hemorrhagic cystitis or nephrotoxicosis. Correlations between pharmacokinetic variables and ifosfamide-associated toxicoses were not found. Preliminary evidence of antitumor activity was observed in 6 of 27 cats with measurable tumors. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The dosage of ifosfamide recommended to treat tumor-bearing cats is 900 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks. This dosage should be used in phase II clinical trials. 相似文献
134.
Price DC Chan CX Yoon HS Yang EC Qiu H Weber AP Schwacke R Gross J Blouin NA Lane C Reyes-Prieto A Durnford DG Neilson JA Lang BF Burger G Steiner JM Löffelhardt W Meuser JE Posewitz MC Ball S Arias MC Henrissat B Coutinho PM Rensing SA Symeonidi A Doddapaneni H Green BR Rajah VD Boore J Bhattacharya D 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,335(6070):843-847
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Geoffrey Muuka Nadi Songolo Swithine Kabilika Bernard M. Hang’ombe King S. Nalubamba John B. Muma 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,45(1):9-15
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a disease of economic importance that is widely distributed in sub-Saharan African and contributes significantly to cattle morbidity and mortality. Control of CBPP offers a number of challenges as a result many developing countries in Africa are still struggling with this disease. In this study, we look at the challenges encountered in CBPP control in sub-Saharan Africa from the Zambian perspective. In conducting this study, we reviewed scientific literature and reports from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock and related animal institutions, and also made interviews with experts and key government officials involved in CBPP control in Zambia. Among the challenges identified for the successful control of CBPP were as follows: failure in the delivery of veterinary services, lack of a cattle identification system, natural phenomenon, livestock husbandry systems in the traditional sector, human movements, traditional practices among cattle farmers and cattle marketing systems. It was seen that the epidemiology of CBPP in Zambia is influenced by both ecological and anthological factors. Therefore, design and implementation of any control or eradication programme should be area/regional-dependent taking into account the different factors influencing disease transmission and maintenance. 相似文献
138.
Tian Zhang Shu Lin Bai Yang Fei Zhang Bernard Thibaut 《Wood Science and Technology》2012,46(5):1003-1016
The viscoelastic properties of the cell wall of the tropic hardwood Carapa procera are investigated by means of nanoindentation tests. Three types of nanoindentation tests are undertaken: creep, continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) and nanoscale dynamic mechanical analysis (Nano-DMA), corresponding to the increased loading rate and so the response of wood cell wall to the loading in a relatively large time scale. It is found that the creep rate is dependent on the applied stress and the relation can be described by the rule of power law. Regarding the dynamic properties (i.e., storage modulus and damping coefficient) in the frequency range of 10–240?Hz, it is shown that the storage modulus increases monotonically, while the damping coefficient decreases. By using the traditional dynamic mechanical thermal analysis as a reference method, the phase transition behavior of wood cell wall can be successfully characterized by the Nano-DMA in a large frequency scale. A dependence of the storage modulus and damping coefficient on the penetration depth is quantified by the CSM tests. 相似文献
139.
Rigas JD Smith TJ Gorman ME Valentine BA Simpson JM Seguin B 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2012,41(1):141-146
An 8-year-old male neutered Pomeranian dog was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at Oregon State University for surgical treatment of hydronephrosis of the left kidney and a left cranial abdominal mass. A primary ureteral mass was found during exploratory surgery, and the mass was resected and ureteral anastomosis was performed. Cytologic evaluation of the mass revealed 3 distinct cell populations, including a large number of multinucleated giant cells, a moderate number of thin spindle-shaped cells, and cohesive clusters of transitional epithelial cells. The cytologic diagnosis was giant cell sarcoma. The diagnosis was confirmed by histologic examination, and immunohistochemical staining was performed. The spindle-shaped cells and multinucleated giant cells were both immunoreactive for vimentin and spindle-shaped cells for S-100. Tumor cells did not express wide-spectrum cytokeratin, broad-spectrum muscle actin, smooth muscle actin, sarcomeric actin, desmin, BLA36, Mac 387, synaptophysin, neuron-specific enolase, glial fibrillary acid protein, or von Willebrand factor. These findings are most consistent with an anaplastic sarcoma with giant cells. This is the first case report of a primary ureteral giant cell sarcoma in a dog. 相似文献
140.
Chung JW Küster-Schöck E Gibbs BF Jacques M Coulton JW 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,159(1-2):187-194
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, a bacterial pathogen of swine and agent of porcine pneumonia, causes a highly infectious disease of economic importance in the pig industry. Commercial vaccines for A. pleuropneumoniae include whole-cell bacterins and second generation subunit vaccines but they only confer partial protective immunity. Our search for new vaccine candidates identified antigens that are expressed during conditions that mimic infection; the outer membrane (OM) proteome of A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 5b was examined under iron restriction. Quantitative profiling by 2D-DiGE technology revealed that iron restriction induced expression of previously described transferrin binding proteins (TbpA, TbpB) plus four lipoproteins including spermidine/putrescine binding periplasmic protein 1 precursor (PotD2). Immunoproteomic analyses with antisera from na?ve animals and from infected pigs were able to differentiate antigens within the OM proteome that were specifically recognized during A. pleuropneumoniae infection. Immunoblots of iron-restricted profiles detected PotD2, heme-binding protein A (HbpA), and capsule polysaccharide export protein (CpxD) as well as surface antigens TbpA, TbpB, and OmlA. These data identify OM proteins that demonstrate immunogenicity and upregulation under conditions mimicking infection, providing emphasis on lipoproteins as an important class of antigens to exploit for vaccine development for A. pleuropneumoniae. 相似文献