Foreign body obstruction of the small colon in six horses.     

C C Gay  V C Speirs  B A Christie  B Smyth  B Parry 《Equine veterinary journal》1979,11(1):60-63

Six horses, which had a foreign body obstruction of the small colon showed abdominal pain of progressing severity and intestinal tympany. On rectal examination the caecum and large colon were distended with ingesta and gas but the obstructing mass could be palpated in only 3 cases. All horses had elevated indirect blood pressure and in 3 there was also fluid distension of the stomach. Only one horse had known access to foreign material in the diet, but a further 3 were related to an exceptionally dry climate period. Five of the 6 horses recovered following surgery.  相似文献   

Indirect measurement of blood pressure as a guide to the efficacy of fluid therapy in equine shock: A case report     

B.W. Parry BVSc  PhD  B.A. Christie BVSc  MACVSc  C.C. Gay DVM  MVSc  FACVSc  R.N. Haywood BVSc   《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1983,3(1):24-27

A case of acute circulatory failure in a horse is described. The response to intravenous fluid therapy was monitored by measurement of heart and respiratory rates, and arterial and central venous pressures. Heart rate was an unreliable guide to improved circulatory status. Central venous pressure and indirect arterial blood pressure were valuable guides to the efficacy of fluid therapy.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the agar gel immunodiffusion test for diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis in cattle   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

D M Sherman  B Bray  J M Gay  F Bates 《American journal of veterinary research》1989,50(4):525-530

Concurrent bacteriologic culture of feces and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) testing was performed on all cows and bred heifers over 14 months old in 10 dairy herds during a 32-month period to determine the effectiveness of the AGID test for the detection of subclinical paratuberculosis. Herds were sampled 5 times and, when possible, culled animals were tested again at slaughter. During 5 herd-wide samplings, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was isolated from 139 fecal specimens obtained from 109 cattle. Results of the AGID test were simultaneously positive 40 of 139 times (28.8%). Thirty-six of the 109 cattle (33.0%) determined to be infected had a positive AGID test result at some point during the 5 herd-wide samplings. When results of tests performed at time of slaughter were included, 117 cattle were identified as infected by culture methods; 55 of these (47.0%) were AGID test-positive at some point during the study. The upper limit of the maximal false-positive rate for the AGID test was 2.1%. On the basis of colony counts from cultures, subclinically infected cows shedding higher numbers of M paratuberculosis in their feces were more likely to have positive AGID test results (P less than 0.0001). In known infected cattle, neither the culture nor AGID test results were consistently positive on repeated testing. Of 48 official calfhood paratuberculosis vaccinates tested as adults, 3 had positive AGID test results and in 1 of these, M paratuberculosis was also isolated from the feces, indicating that the rate of false-positive AGID test results in calfhood vaccinates is low.  相似文献   

The effects of some chemical treatments on leaf water conductance of cut,flowering stems of Chrysanthemum morifolium     

A.P. Gay  R. Nichols 《Scientia Horticulturae》1977,6(2):167-177

The leaf water conductance of cut, flowering stems of Chrysanthemum morifolium was measured by diffusion porometry. The stems were placed in solutions of chemicals which have commonly been used in flower preservatives, or which might be expected to affect the physiology of the leaves.In the environmental conditions of our experiments (18° C; 0.8 kPa; 5 W m^?2 visible radiation for 8 h) sucrose (6 %) and abscisic acid (0.001 %) lowered leaf water conductance. Silver nitrate (0.003 %) or 8-hydroxyquinoline sulphate (0.02 %) either had no effect or increased leaf water conductance. We conclude that the latter two substances increase the vase life of cut flowers by affecting the physiology and pathology of the stem rather than the stomatal physiology of the leaf. The leaves of stems standing in high concentrations of sucrose accumulated sucrose and were frequently damaged as a result.The results are discussed with regard to the water relations of the cut flower and the possible use of anti-transpirants.  相似文献   

Follicle-stimulating hormone secretion in the female rat: cyclic release is dependent on circulating androgen     

V L Gay  R L Tomacari 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1974,184(132):75-77

In adult cyclic female rats, intravenous injections of an antiserum to testosterone prevented the continued increase in serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) which normally occurs during the early morning hours of estrus. This treatment did not prevent the initial increases in serum FSH (and luteinizing hormone) which occur during the critical period (1400 to 2000 of proestrus), nor did it interfere with subsequent ovulation. These observations indicate the existence of two separate mechanisms for preovulatory FSH release in the rat and implicate circulating testosterone as the stimulus for continued secretion of FSH during estrus.  相似文献   

Incorporation of environment and feed quality into a net energy model for beef cattle     

Otto J. Loewer  Edward M. Smith  Nelson Gay  Robert Fehr 《Agricultural Systems》1983,11(2):67-94

The California net energy system has gained wide acceptance as a method for predicting rates of gain in growing and finishing beef animals. Researchers at the University of Kentucky, in co-operation with agricultural scientists in two regional research projects, NC-114 and S-156, have developed an interactive model that enhances the usefulness of the net energy system by including skeletal size, feed quality, temperature and relative humidity to determine feed intake and utilisation. Basically, the intake based on feed availability, nutrient composition, potential skeletal size and heat loss potential. After the feed is consumed, it is utilised according to the productive status of the animal, i.e. growth, lactation, foetal development, etc., using a modified form of the net energy system to predict weight change.The model allows a researcher to easily modify environment, feed, breed characteristics and productive status so as to evaluate their influence on the performance of the animal.  相似文献   

Temporal folate status during lactation in mares and growth in foals     

Ordakowski-Burk AL  Kronfeld DS  Williams CA  Gay LS  Sklan DJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(7):1214-1221

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Retinol, β-carotene and β-tocopherol concentrations in mare and foal plasma and in colostrum     

L. S. Gay  D. S. Kronfeld PhD  DSc  MVSc  A. Grimsley-Cook DVM  MS  J. J. Dascanio DVM  A. O. Ordakowski-Burk PhD  R. K. Splan PhD  E. A. Dunnington PhD  D. J. Sklan PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2004,24(3):115-120

Fat-soluble vitamins transfer poorly across the diffuse epitheliochorial placenta of the mare, so the neonatal foal is dependent on its supply via colostrum. Concentrations of retinol (RT), β-carotene (BC), and β-tocopherol (AT) were assayed in samples of plasma, colostrum and milk from nine mares of mixed light breeding and their foals at parturition and days 1, 2, and 4 postpartum. Samples were analyzed simultaneously for RT, BC, and AT using a new, less time-consuming reverse phase high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Feeds were analyzed, and mean daily intakes calculated. Mare plasma RT increased from day 1 to day 4 (P = .033), and plasma AT declined linearly from day 0 to day 4 (P = .006). Colostrum concentrations of all vitamins increased from parturition to day 1, and then declined rapidly over the 4 days. Foal plasma BC increased from parturition to day 4 (P = .080), and plasma AT increased from parturition to day 2 (P < .001), and 4 (P = .060). These observations suggest that three times the current recommendation of vitamin A is sufficient for pregnant mares, in keeping with previous studies of growth, pregnancy, and lactation. In contrast, the linear decrease in mare plasma AT suggests that 1.2 times the current recommendation of vitamin E may be less than optimal for pregnant mares.

Introduction

The diffuse epitheliochorial placenta of the mare does not allow fat-soluble vitamins to cross with ease to the fetus,[1] so their status in the neonatal foal is dependent on colostrum. This first milk contains these vitamins, which are necessary for many functions.Vitamin A is required for vision, reproduction, growth, development, and maintenance of epithelial cells, and osteoclast activity in bone formation. In addition, vitamin A deficiencies reduce resistance to disease, can cause neurological degeneration, and congenital defects.[2] Vitamin E, an antioxidant, prevents lipid peroxidation and cell membrane damage. Its deficiency in horses has been associated with a form of muscular dystrophy and impaired immune function. [3]Studies on the mare and foal have described blood concentrations of one or two of these vitamins,[4, 5 and 6] but only one involved all three. [7] In that study, vitamin concentrations were assayed in mare blood and milk, but only once in foal blood at parturition, so data during the periparturant period is incomplete.The objectives of this enumerative study were to determine concentrations of RT, BC, AT in plasma and colostrum, to evaluate colostral transfer of these vitamins, to assess the adequacy of vitamin intakes of mares, and to develop a time-saving single-run HPLC method.

Materials and methods

Animals

Nine healthy aged multiparous mares of mixed light breeding (13.6 ± 1.5 years, 592 ± 20 kg body mass) and their foals were sampled. The institutional animal care and use committee approved the protocol. Mares were kept on meager late-winter mixed grass pasture, with free access to round bale orchard and fescue grass hay, water, and trace mineral/vitamin salt. They were fed 2 kg of concentrate twice daily at 7:00 and 3:00 . The diet met or exceeded current recommendations for pregnant mares at 11 months gestation for energy.[8] Samples of hay and concentrate were submitted for partial proximate analysis to the Virginia Tech Forage Testing Laboratory where standard AOAC [9] methods are used ( Table 1). Samples of feeds were also taken for analysis of RT, BC, and AT ( Table 2).  相似文献   

Left atrial function in cats with left-sided cardiac disease and pleural effusion or pulmonary edema     

SM Johns  OL Nelson  JM Gay 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2012,26(5):1134-1139

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Comparison of Thoracic and Abdominal Cavity Volumes During Abdominal CO2 Insufflation and Abdominal Wall Lift     

Courtney Watkins DVM  Boel A. Fransson DVM PhD Diplomate ACVS  Claude A. Ragle DVM Diplomate ACVS & ABVP  John Mattoon DVM Diplomate ACVR  John M. Gay DVM PhD Diplomate ACVPM 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(5):607-612

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