Influence of cambial age and climate on ring width and wood density in Pinus radiata families     

Miloš Ivković  Washington Gapare  Harry Wu  Sergio Espinoza  Philippe Rozenberg 《Annals of Forest Science》2013,70(5):525-534

? Context

The correlation between tree ring width and density and short-term climate fluctuations may be a useful tool for predicting response of wood formation process to long-term climate change.

? Aims

This study examined these correlations for different radiata pine genotypes and aimed at detecting potential genotype by climate interactions.

? Methods

Four data sets comprising ring width and density of half- and full-sib radiata pine families were used. Correlations with climate variables were examined, after the extraction of the effect of cambial age.

? Results

Cambial age explained the highest proportion of the ring to ring variation in all variables. Calendar year and year by family interaction explained a smaller but significant proportion of the variation. Rainfall had a positive correlation with ring width and, depending on test site, either a negative or positive correlation with ring density. Correlations between temperature during growing season and ring density were generally negative.

? Conclusion

Climate variables that influence ring width and wood density can be identified from ring profiles, after removing the cambial age effect. Families can be selected that consistently show desirable response to climate features expected to become prevalent as a result of climate change.  相似文献   

Digestibility and Acceptability of Wheat Flour Cookies Partially Substituted with High Amylose Maize Starch     

Ortíz-Fernández  M. Paulina  Castillo-Ruiz  Octelina  Velazquez  Gonzalo  Aleman-Castillo  Sanjuana E.  Salazar  Régulo Ruiz  Osorio-Díaz  Perla  Mendez-Montealvo  Guadalupe 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2019,74(3):446-447

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Cookies are one of the most consumed bakery products and the formulation could be modified to consider them as a functional food. The high amylose maize starch...  相似文献   

Multivariate statistical analysis of mass spectra as a tool for the classification of the main humic substances according to their structural and conformational features     

Baigorri R  Zamarreño AM  Fuentes M  González-Gaitano G  García-Mina JM  Almendros G  González-Vila FJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(14):5480-5487

The aim of this work is to explore the suitability of the complementary use of mass spectra and the corresponding statistical analysis (principal components-Pareto analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis (DA)) of these spectra to differentiate diverse humic samples as a function of their structural and conformational features. To this end, the mass spectra of humic samples belonging to the main humic fraction types (gray humic acid, brown humic acid, and fulvic acid) were obtained by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The results obtained showed that the application of PCA yielded a clear separation between blanks and humic samples. However, a clear differentiation among the humic fraction types was not achieved. The DA of PCA data, however, yielded a clear separation among the humic substances (HS) samples belonging to each HS fraction type considered: gray humic acids, brown humic acids, and fulvic acids. These results showed that the mass spectra of each humic sample include characteristic mass/charge (m/z) distribution values that can be considered as a "fingerprint" representative of its specific structural features. Our results also indicate that, although the m/z values principally corresponded to single-charged ions, we cannot identify these molecular weight distributions with those of humic samples, since sample molecular fragmentation, as well as partial molecular ionization, cannot be ruled out under our experimental and instrumental conditions.  相似文献   

Identification and quantification of domestic feline cytochrome P450 transcriptome across multiple tissues     

Marike Visser  Kristina L. Weber  Leslie A. Lyons  Gonzalo Rincon  Dawn M. Boothe  Dawn A. Merritt 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2019,42(1):7-15

  相似文献   

Photosynthesis of field-grown Arracacha (Arracacia xanthorriza Bancroft) cultivars in relation to root-yield     

Ramón E. Jaimez  Norka Santos  Bruno Añez  Jorge Vásquez  Wilmer Espinoza 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008

There has been limited research on measuring potential differences in leaf gas exchange of Arracacha (Peruvian parsnip, Arracacia xanthorriza Bancroft) cultivars, as affected by different environments, as well as its relation to storage root-yield. The present paper reports field measurements of leaf CO₂ assimilation rates (A) for five contrasting cultivars grown at two different high-altitude locations. Using a design of plots chosen at random with three repetitions, commercial root production was determined in the two locations at different altitude (1580 and 1930 m). Daily leaf gas exchange was repeatedly monitored with a portable open-mode infrared gas analyzer at different times in both locations during the growth cycle. Root-yield, leaf area and dry weight were measured. Significant differences in leaf photosynthetic rate and in specific leaf area (SLA) were observed among cultivars. Cultivars with high SLA, had high CO₂ assimilation. Mean (A_n) and total (A_tot) of CO₂ assimilation and SLA were significantly correlated with storage root-yield across cultivars and locations. The three cultivars with the greatest commercial root production also had the highest maximum values for A and the highest specific leaf area, indicating that these two parameters can be used to select for highly productive cultivars of A. xanthorriza.  相似文献   

Toxocara canis: proteinases in perivitelline fluid from hatching eggs     

González-Páez GE  Argüello-García R  Alba-Hurtado F 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,147(3-4):332-335

Developing larvae of Toxocara canis may secrete several kinds of enzymes within the egg perivitelline fluid (EPF) prior to and during hatching. In particular, proteinases in EPF could play a role in larval emergence within the host gastrointestinal lumen but its presence and nature is unknown. In this work, proteolytic activities in hatching fluid of T. canis were identified and analysed by substrate gel electrophoresis at different pH values and by using type specific protease inhibitors. Three bands of 91, 68 and 38 kDa showed gelatinolytic activity and all proteinase activity from EPF was of the aspartic-type since it was inhibited by pepstatin A. Interestingly, a significantly higher proteolytic activity was observed at acidic pH (< or =5.5). These data suggest that T. canis developmentally secretes and accumulates in EPF aspartic proteinases with a pH-dependent activity that might help the parasite to take advantage of conditions in the host gastrointestinal microenvironment where egg hatching is induced and executed.  相似文献   

Hydration Rates for Various Types of Mexican Maize Based on Single‐Kernel Measurements     

Gonzalo Ramos  Marisol Pezet‐Valdez  Aileen O'Connor‐Snchez  Celia Placencia  Reynaldo C. Pless 《Cereal Chemistry》2004,81(3):308-313

Hydration kinetics for sound maize kernels in liquid water, determined by single‐kernel measurements for three different Mexican maize types, yielded water diffusion coefficients ordered as Celaya corn > Toluca corn > Palomero corn, at all temperatures examined. These diffusion coefficients are lower than those reported earlier for maize grains, possibly due to the fact that in the present study damaged kernels were rigorously excluded. The energies of activation determined from the Arrhenius plots were ordered as Palomero corn > Celaya corn = Toluca corn and were similar in value to those reported earlier for other maize types. Damage to the surface of the maize kernels during the hydration experiments occurs at a significant frequency. Even minor surface lacerations can strongly affect the rate of hydration of the kernels. Experiments with maize grains selectively varnished in various parts of their surface show that the entry of water into the kernels occurs predominantly through the pericarp, not through the tip cap, though the tip cap has a higher water inflow per unit area.  相似文献   

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN OVINE COENUROSIS     

J. Manuel  Gonzalo-Orden  DVM  PhD  Argimiro  Díez  DVM  José R.  Altónaga  DVM  PhD  José M.  Gonzalo  DVM  PhD  M. Asunción  Orden  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1999,40(5):441-444

Computed tomographic imaging was conducted in twenty ewes with cerebral coenurosis. CT imaging allowed precise evaluation of the size and location of the cyst, which appeared as a hypoattenuating structure with a mass effect. No meaningful correlation between clinical signs and the location of parasitic cyst was detected.  相似文献   

Acute Toxicity of Ammonia and Nitrite to White Shrimp Penaeus setiferus Postlarvae   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guillermina  Alcaraz Xavier  Chiappa-Carrara Verónica Espinoza    Ceclilia  Vanegas 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1999,30(1):90-97

Penaeus setiferus postlarvae were exposed to acute levels of ammonia, nitrite, and to a mixture of both by a short-term static method, The 24h, 48-h and 72-h LC50 values for un-ionized ammonia were 1.49, 1.21 and 1.12 mg/L NH₃-N (un-ionized ammonia as nitrogen), and 11.55, 9.38 and 8.69 mg/L ammonia-N (un-ionized plus ionized ammonia as nitrogen). The 24-h, 48-h and 72-h LC50 values for nitrite were 268.06, 248.84 and 167.33 mg/L nitrite-N (nitrite as nitrogen). Nitrite was much less toxic than ammonia. The joint effect of ammonia and nitrite on the postlarvae was synergistic at 48-h exposure and antagonistic after 72 h. Postlarvae of P. setiferus may be considered as organisms sensitive to ammonia and nitrite.  相似文献   

Effects of prebiotic mannan oligosaccharide on the growth,survival, and anxiety-like behaviors of zebrafish (Danio rerio)     

Mohammad Navid Forsatkar  Gholamreza Rafiee  Hamid Farahmand  Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2017,29(2):183-196

A study was designed to investigate the possible positive prebiotic effects of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on growth and reduction of anxiety behaviors in zebrafish (Danio rerio). The experimental diets were supplemented with 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 g MOS kg^?1 and were fed to juvenile fish (0.47 ± 0.017 g) in triplicates for six weeks. Significant differences were found in the final body weight, body weight intake, percent body weight intake, and specific growth rate among treatments. The regression analyses showed that the optimum MOS level was 4–4.1 g MOS kg^?1 diet. Fish fed 4 g MOS kg^?1 feed showed higher survival than the other treatments. Also, using the novel tank test, fish fed with 4 g MOS kg^?1 diet showed lower anxiety by swimming in the upper portion of the tank. The other behavior parameters remained unaffected by the prebiotic. The results indicated the beneficial effect of the prebiotic MOS on growth and partly on welfare of zebrafish juveniles.  相似文献