全文获取类型
| 收费全文 | 3477篇 |
| 免费 | 148篇 |
| 国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
| 林业 | 256篇 |
| 农学 | 501篇 |
| 基础科学 | 90篇 |
| 897篇 | |
| 综合类 | 88篇 |
| 农作物 | 289篇 |
| 水产渔业 | 76篇 |
| 畜牧兽医 | 1027篇 |
| 园艺 | 105篇 |
| 植物保护 | 299篇 |
出版年
| 2023年 | 26篇 |
| 2022年 | 40篇 |
| 2021年 | 57篇 |
| 2020年 | 90篇 |
| 2019年 | 98篇 |
| 2018年 | 130篇 |
| 2017年 | 142篇 |
| 2016年 | 113篇 |
| 2015年 | 87篇 |
| 2014年 | 104篇 |
| 2013年 | 307篇 |
| 2012年 | 149篇 |
| 2011年 | 171篇 |
| 2010年 | 134篇 |
| 2009年 | 121篇 |
| 2008年 | 119篇 |
| 2007年 | 149篇 |
| 2006年 | 145篇 |
| 2005年 | 116篇 |
| 2004年 | 79篇 |
| 2003年 | 80篇 |
| 2002年 | 75篇 |
| 2001年 | 64篇 |
| 2000年 | 57篇 |
| 1999年 | 57篇 |
| 1998年 | 42篇 |
| 1997年 | 46篇 |
| 1996年 | 35篇 |
| 1995年 | 37篇 |
| 1994年 | 34篇 |
| 1993年 | 30篇 |
| 1992年 | 31篇 |
| 1991年 | 36篇 |
| 1990年 | 32篇 |
| 1989年 | 43篇 |
| 1988年 | 49篇 |
| 1987年 | 36篇 |
| 1986年 | 30篇 |
| 1985年 | 25篇 |
| 1984年 | 25篇 |
| 1983年 | 27篇 |
| 1982年 | 22篇 |
| 1980年 | 34篇 |
| 1979年 | 37篇 |
| 1978年 | 20篇 |
| 1976年 | 20篇 |
| 1971年 | 20篇 |
| 1970年 | 37篇 |
| 1969年 | 24篇 |
| 1968年 | 23篇 |
排序方式： 共有3628条查询结果，搜索用时 960 毫秒
61.
Rishi Raj Anil Kumar I. S. Solanki Shiva Dhar Anchal Dass Ashish Kumar Gupta Vikash Kumar C. B. Singh R. K. Jat U. C. Pandey 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(4):861-877
A field study on assessment of crop establishment methods on yield, economics and water productivity of rice cultivars under upland and lowland production ecologies was conducted during wet seasons (June–November) of 2012 and 2013 in Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. The experiment was laid-out in a split-plot design (SPD) and replicated four times. The main-plot treatments included three crop establishment methods, viz. dry direct-seeded rice (DSR), system of rice intensification (SRI) and puddled transplanted rice (PTR). In sub-plots, five rice cultivars of different groups like aromatic (Improved Pusa Basmati 1 and Pusa Sugandh 5), inbreds (PNR 381 and Pusa 834) and hybrid (Arize 6444) were taken for their evaluations. These two sets of treatments were laid-out simultaneously in two production ecologies, upland and lowland during both years. In general, lowland ecology was found favourable for rice growth and yield and resulted in 13.2% higher grain yield as compared to upland ecology. Rice grown with SRI method produced 19.4 and 7.0% higher grain yield in 2012 and 20.6 and 7.1% higher in 2013, over DSR and PTR. However, PTR yielded 13.1 and 14.5% higher grain over DSR during 2012 and 2013, respectively. On an average, Arize 6444 produced 26.4, 26.9, 28.9 and 54.7% higher grain yield as compared to PS 5, P 834, PNR 381 and IPB1, respectively. Further, the interaction of production ecologies × crop establishment methods revealed that, in upland ecology, SRI recorded significantly higher grain yield as compared to PTR and DSR, but in lowland, grain yield resulting from SRI was similar to the yield obtained with PTR and significantly higher than DSR. The latter two methods (PTR and DSR) yielded alike in lowland ecology in both study years. The production ecologies × crop establishment methods × cultivars interaction on grain yield showed that the growing of Arize 6444 cultivar using SRI method in upland ecology resulted in the higher grain yield (8.87 t/ha). But the cost of production was also highest in SRI followed by PTR and DSR across production ecologies and cultivars. Cultivation of hybrid (Arize 6444) involved higher cost of production than all other cultivars. Irrespective of crop establishment methods and cultivars, gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio were significantly higher in lowland compared to upland ecology. Owing to higher grain yield, SRI method fetched significantly higher gross returns and net returns over PTR and DSR. Average increase in net return with Arize 6444 was 68.8, 41.0, 37.7 and 33.1% over IPB 1, PNR 381, P 834 and PS 5, respectively. There was a saving of 30.7% water in SRI and 19.9% in DSR over PTR under upland ecology. Similarly in lowland ecology, water saving of 30.2% was observed in SRI and 21.2% in DSR over PTR. Due to higher yield and saving on water, SRI returned significantly higher total water productivity (TWP) (5.9 kg/ha-mm) as compared to DSR (3.5 kg/ha-mm) and PTR (3.6 kg/ha-mm) under upland ecology. In lowland ecology, also SRI (6.2 kg/ha-mm) resulted in higher TWP as compared to other two methods. However, DSR gave significantly higher TWP as compared to PTR. Among cultivars, hybrid Arize 6444 recorded the highest TWP in both upland and lowland production ecologies across crop establishment methods. Hence, growing of hybrid Arize 6444 with SRI method can enhance rice productivity and water-use efficiency in lowland and upland production ecologies of Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains and in other similar regions. 相似文献
62.
Roop Kishore Ashish Dwivedi Raghuvir Singh R. K. Naresh Vineet Kumar Priyanka Bankoti Dinesh Kumar Sharma Nishant Yadav 《Paddy and Water Environment》2017,15(1):49-58
Weeds caused serious problem on yield reduction of basmati rice worldwide. Losses caused by weeds varied from one country to another, depending on the presence of dominant weeds and the control methods practiced by farmers; therefore, suitable plant population and weed management practices should be adopted. Keeping these in mind, a field experiment was carried out during kharif seasons of 2009 and 2010 at crop Research Centre of SVPUA&T, Meerut, India comprising 4 planting geometries, viz. 20, 30, 40, and 50 hills m?2 as main plot factor, and 5 weed management practices (Butachlor @ 1.0 kg ha?1, Butachlor @ 1.0 kg ha?1 fb (followed by) one hand weeding, Butachlor @ 1.0 kg ha?1 fb Almix @ 4 g ha?1, two hand weedings and weedy check) in a split plot design with 3 replications. Experimental results revealed that plant population of 50 hills m?2 proved superior over that of 20 hills m?2 in respect of weed density, weed dry weight, number of tillers m?2, yield attributes, grain, straw, and biological yields. The maximum grain yield (29.00 and 31.00 q ha?1) and straw yield (51.30 and 52.50 q ha?1) were recorded in 50 hills m?2 followed by 40 hills m?2 during 2009 and 2010, respectively. In respect of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium removal, a reverse trend was observed: the highest in 20 hills m?2 followed by 30, 40, and 50 hills m?2. As far as the weed management practices are concerned, both chemical and mechanical methods of weed control were found superior over weedy check. The lowest weed density, dry weight, and highest weed control efficiency, maximum length of panicle?1, number of panicle (m2), and 1000-grain weight and grain yield of 30.40 and 32.60 q ha?1 were recorded with two hand weedings which was at par with Butachlor @ 1.0 kg ha?1 fb one hand weeding over rest of the weed management practices. 相似文献
63.
M. Akhlasur Rahman Isaac Kofi Bimpong J. B. Bizimana Evangeline D. Pascual Marydee Arceta B. P. Mallikarjuna Swamy Faty Diaw M. Sazzadur Rahman R. K. Singh 《Rice》2017,10(1):47
Background
Salinity is one of the most severe and widespread abiotic stresses that affect rice production. The identification of major-effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for traits related to salinity tolerance and understanding of QTL × environment interactions (QEIs) can help in more precise and faster development of salinity-tolerant rice varieties through marker-assisted breeding. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from IR29/Hasawi (a novel source of salinity) were screened for salinity tolerance in the IRRI phytotron in the Philippines (E1) and in two other diverse environments in Senegal (E2) and Tanzania (E3). QTLs were mapped for traits related to salinity tolerance at the seedling stage.Results
The RILs were genotyped using 194 polymorphic SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms). After removing segregation distortion markers (SDM), a total of 145 and 135 SNPs were used to construct a genetic linkage map with a length of 1655 and 1662 cM, with an average marker density of 11.4 cM in E1 and 12.3 cM in E2 and E3, respectively. A total of 34 QTLs were identified on 10 chromosomes for five traits using ICIM-ADD and segregation distortion locus (SDL) mapping (IM-ADD) under salinity stress across environments. Eight major genomic regions on chromosome 1 between 170 and 175 cM (qSES1.3, qSES1.4, qSL1.2, qSL1.3, qRL1.1, qRL1.2, qFWsht1.2, qDWsht1.2), chromosome 4 at 32 cM (qSES4.1, qFWsht4.2, qDWsht4.2), chromosome 6 at 115 cM (qFWsht6.1, qDWsht6.1), chromosome 8 at 105 cM (qFWsht8.1, qDWsht8.1), and chromosome 12 at 78 cM (qFWsht12.1, qDWsht12.1) have co-localized QTLs for the multiple traits that might be governing seedling stage salinity tolerance through multiple traits in different phenotyping environments, thus suggesting these as hot spots for tolerance of salinity. Forty-nine and 30 significant pair-wise epistatic interactions were detected between QTL-linked and QTL-unlinked regions using single-environment and multi-environment analyses.Conclusions
The identification of genomic regions for salinity tolerance in the RILs showed that Hasawi possesses alleles that are novel for salinity tolerance. The common regions for the multiple QTLs across environments as co-localized regions on chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 8, and 12 could be due to linkage or pleiotropic effect, which might be helpful for multiple QTL introgression for marker-assisted breeding programs to improve the salinity tolerance of adaptive and popular but otherwise salinity-sensitive rice varieties.64.
Large-scale deployment of a rice 6 K SNP array for genetics and breeding applications 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Michael J. Thomson Namrata Singh Maria S. Dwiyanti Diane R. Wang Mark H. Wright Francisco Agosto Perez Genevieve DeClerck Joong Hyoun Chin Geraldine A. Malitic-Layaoen Venice Margarette Juanillas Christine J. Dilla-Ermita Ramil Mauleon Tobias Kretzschmar Susan R. McCouch 《Rice》2017,10(1):40
Background
Fixed arrays of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers have advantages over reduced representation sequencing in their ease of data analysis, consistently higher call rates, and rapid turnaround times. A 6 K SNP array represents a cost-benefit “sweet spot” for routine genetics and breeding applications in rice. Selection of informative SNPs across species and subpopulations during chip design is essential to obtain useful polymorphism rates for target germplasm groups. This paper summarizes results from large-scale deployment of an Illumina 6 K SNP array for rice.Results
Design of the Illumina Infinium 6 K SNP chip for rice, referred to as the Cornell_6K_Array_Infinium_Rice (C6AIR), includes 4429 SNPs from re-sequencing data and 1571 SNP markers from previous BeadXpress 384-SNP sets, selected based on polymorphism rate and allele frequency within and between target germplasm groups. Of the 6000 attempted bead types, 5274 passed Illumina’s production quality control. The C6AIR was widely deployed at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) for genetic diversity analysis, QTL mapping, and tracking introgressions and was intensively used at Cornell University for QTL analysis and developing libraries of interspecific chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) between O. sativa and diverse accessions of O. rufipogon or O. meridionalis. Collectively, the array was used to genotype over 40,000 rice samples. A set of 4606 SNP markers was used to provide high quality data for O. sativa germplasm, while a slightly expanded set of 4940 SNPs was used for O. sativa X O. rufipogon populations. Biparental polymorphism rates were generally between 1900 and 2500 well-distributed SNP markers for indica x japonica or interspecific populations and between 1300 and 1500 markers for crosses within indica, while polymorphism rates were lower for pairwise crosses within U.S. tropical japonica germplasm. Recently, a second-generation array containing ~7000 SNP markers, referred to as the C7AIR, was designed by removing poor-performing SNPs from the C6AIR and adding markers selected to increase the utility of the array for elite tropical japonica material.Conclusions
The C6AIR has been successfully used to generate rapid and high-quality genotype data for diverse genetics and breeding applications in rice, and provides the basis for an optimized design in the C7AIR.65.
Jawahar Lal Katara Ram Lakhan Verma Debkanta Nayak Umakanta Ngangkham Soham Ray Hatanath Subudhi Lambodar Behera Sanghamitra Samantaray Ravi Nageswara Rao Onkar Nath Singh Trilochan Mohapatra 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(1):74-82
Identification of new parental lines is crucial for developing ecology‐specific hybrids with ideal agronomic performance. We screened a total of 570 different ecology‐specific Indian rice varieties for the presence of fertility restorer genes, Rf3 and Rf4 using tightly linked markers DRRM Rf3‐10 and RM6100, respectively. Among these varieties, 13% carried Rf3Rf3/Rf4Rf4, 31% carried rf3rf3/rf4rf4, 6% carried Rf3Rf3/rf4rf4 and remaining 50% carried Rf4Rf4/rf3rf3 allelic combinations. A mini set of 40 varieties with variable allelic combinations of fertility restorer genes were testcrossed with WA and Kalinga‐based CMS lines. All the 80 F1s were evaluated for spikelet fertility and fertility restoration ability. Rf3Rf3/rf4rf4 genotypes mostly behaved as partial maintainers or partial restorers. In contrast, rf3rf3/Rf4Rf4 genotypes were partial or effective restorers. However, double dominant genotypes showed better fertility restoration than the genotypes containing Rf3 or Rf4 individually. Some of the genotypes showed unexpected restoration pattern implying occurrence of other fertility restorer(s) apart from Rf3 and Rf4. The perfect restorers and maintainers identified in this study can be directly used in hybrid rice breeding. 相似文献
66.
Identification of genic SSRs in jute (Corchorus capsularis,Malvaceae) and development of markers for phenylpropanoid biosynthesis genes and regulatory genes 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 67.
Kapil Malik Deepshikha Birla Honey Yadav Manish Sainger Darshna Chaudhary Pawan K. Jaiwal 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2017,20(3):185-192
Various factors affecting in vitro regeneration like different carbon sources, different gelling agents, and growth additives were assessed comprehensively for callus induction and plant regeneration for five Indian wheat cultivars using mature embryos as the explants for the first time. The tissue culture responses of cultivars WH-1105, HD-2967, and PBW-343 have not been reported earlier. Besides, the effect of different concentrations of the cytokinin, zeatin has also been optimized. Using the optimized factors, the efficiency of five different varieties, i.e., HD 2967, C 306, RAJ 3765, WH 1105, and PBW 343 was evaluated for regeneration. Modified MS basal medium containing dicamba reduced precocious germination of the embryo and induced embryogenic callus more efficiently. Removal of embryogenic calli from non-regenerable structures during early callus phase improved plant regeneration. These calli on zeatin (1.0 mgl-1) and dicamba (0.1 mgl-1) containing medium showed the highest regeneration frequency (98%) with a maximum of 8-9 shoots per calli. Maltose had the maximum callusing and regeneration percentage than other carbon sources. Various gelling agents did not have any significant difference on the regeneration. Of all the varieties, C-306 and HD-2967 were found to be more regenerative and can be used in transformation experiments. 相似文献
68.
A. Susan M. K. Yadav S. Kar S. Aravindan U. Ngangkham S. Raghu S. R. Prabhukarthikeyan U. Keerthana S. C. Mukherjee J. L. Salam T. Adak A. Banerjee P. C. Rath 《Plant pathology》2019,68(3):537-546
Rice blast disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most devastating diseases causing huge losses worldwide. In the present study, major blast resistance genes were investigated in landraces originating from northeastern India. Based on phenotypic evaluation, 288 landraces were classified into three distinct groups: resistant (75), moderately resistant (127) and susceptible (86). The genetic frequencies of the 18 major blast resistance genes were between 6.2% and 27.4%, with only two genotypes possessing a maximum of nine blast resistance genes. The cluster and population structure analysis grouped the landraces into two groups. Through principal coordinate analysis, the scatter plots partitioned the resistant and moderately resistant landraces into different groups. Analysis of molecular variance showed maximum (96%) diversity within populations and least (4%) diversity between populations. Association analysis identified six markers, CRG4_2, RM72, tk59-2, pi21_79-3, RM1233 and RM6648, that are significantly associated with blast disease and explained a phenotypic variance of 1.1–6.5%. The associated genes could be used in marker-assisted rice breeding programmes for gene pyramiding to develop rice varietal resistance against blast disease. The present study represents a valuable blast resistance genetic resource that could be used for identification of new R genes, donors for blast resistance, and genomic studies. 相似文献
69.
In a greenhouse study, methane emissions were measured from two diverse Indian rice-growing soils planted to five rice cultivars
under similar water regimes, fertilizer applications and environmental conditions. Significant variations were observed in
methane emitted from soils growing different cultivars. Total methane emission varied between 8.04 and 20.92gm–2 from IARI soil (Inceptisol) and between 1.47 and 10.91gm–2 from Raipur soil (Vertisol) planted to rice. In all the cultivars, emissions from IARI soil were higher than from Raipur
soil. The first methane flux peak was noticed during the reproductive phase and the second peak coincided with the grain-ripening
stage of the rice cultivars.
Received: July 7, 1996 相似文献
70.
Water, Air, &; Soil Pollution - A study was conducted to investigate the heavy metal contamination of soil and vegetation in the vicinity of industries around Dhaka city in Bangladesh.... 相似文献