Comparative evaluation of different therapeutic protocols for contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Himalayan Pashmina goats     

Yatoo  Mohd. Iqbal  Parray  Oveas Raffiq  Mir  Muheet  Bhat  Riyaz Ahmed  Malik  Hamid Ullah  Fazili  Mujeeb ur Rehman  Qureshi  Sabia  Mir  Masood Salim  Yousuf  Raja Wasim  Tufani  Noor Alam  Dhama  Kuldeep  Bashir  Shah Tauseef 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(8):2127-2137

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Therapeutic management of contagious caprine pleuroneumonia (CCPP) involves mostly the use of oxytetracycline followed by enrofloxacin and rarely tylosin. In...  相似文献   

Phytomass estimation using eMODIS NDVI and ground data in arid rangelands of Morocco     

Hamid Mahyou  Bernard Tychon  Marie Lang  Riad Balaghi 《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2018,35(1):1-12

The assessment of rangeland productivity in semi-extensively grazed arid rangelands is a prerequisite for livestock management in relation to sustainable use of pastoral resources. The objective of this study was to assess rangeland productivity based on normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) images. Data on phytomass were measured on 61 field samples in arid rangelands of Morocco, covering various rangeland categories during autumn (November) and spring (April), i.e. when phytomass is at low and high levels, respectively, for two consecutive years (2008 and 2009). Dekadal EROS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (eMODIS) NDVI data were linearly regressed to field measurements for these four periods. Results show that phytomass values were correlated with NDVI during spring, with R² and RMSE values of 0.82 and 0.3 t ha^?1, respectively. This study indicates there is a high potential for operational use of remotely sensed data to estimate rangeland phytomass of semi-extensively grazed rangelands.  相似文献   

Effects of prebiotic mannan oligosaccharide on the growth,survival, and anxiety-like behaviors of zebrafish (Danio rerio)     

Mohammad Navid Forsatkar  Gholamreza Rafiee  Hamid Farahmand  Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2017,29(2):183-196

A study was designed to investigate the possible positive prebiotic effects of mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on growth and reduction of anxiety behaviors in zebrafish (Danio rerio). The experimental diets were supplemented with 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 g MOS kg^?1 and were fed to juvenile fish (0.47 ± 0.017 g) in triplicates for six weeks. Significant differences were found in the final body weight, body weight intake, percent body weight intake, and specific growth rate among treatments. The regression analyses showed that the optimum MOS level was 4–4.1 g MOS kg^?1 diet. Fish fed 4 g MOS kg^?1 feed showed higher survival than the other treatments. Also, using the novel tank test, fish fed with 4 g MOS kg^?1 diet showed lower anxiety by swimming in the upper portion of the tank. The other behavior parameters remained unaffected by the prebiotic. The results indicated the beneficial effect of the prebiotic MOS on growth and partly on welfare of zebrafish juveniles.  相似文献   

Effects of irrigation strategies and soils on field grown potatoes: Yield and water productivity   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Seyed Hamid Ahmadi  Mathias N. Andersen  Rolf T. Poulsen  Ali Reza Sepaskhah 《Agricultural Water Management》2010,97(11):1923-1290

Yield and water productivity of potatoes grown in 4.32 m² lysimeters were measured in coarse sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam and imposed to full (FI), deficit (DI), and partial root-zone drying (PRD) irrigation strategies. PRD and DI as water-saving irrigation treatments received 65% of FI after tuber bulking and lasted for 6 weeks until final harvest. Analysis across the soil textures showed that fresh yields were not significant between the irrigation treatments. However, the same analysis across the irrigation treatments revealed that the effect of soil texture was significant on the fresh yield and loamy sand produced significantly higher fresh yield than the other two soils, probably because of higher leaf area index, higher photosynthesis rates, and “stay-green” effect late in the growing season. More analysis showed that there was a significant interaction between the irrigation treatments and soil textures that the highest fresh yield was obtained under FI in loamy sand. Furthermore, analysis across the soil textures showed that water productivities, WP (kg ha⁻¹ fresh tuber yield mm⁻¹ ET) were not significantly different between the irrigation treatments. However, across the irrigation treatments, the soil textures were significantly different. This showed that the interaction between irrigation treatments and soil textures was significant that the highest significant WP was obtained under DI in sandy loam. While PRD and DI treatments increased WP by, respectively, 11 and 5% in coarse sand and 28 and 36% in sandy loam relative to FI, they decreased WP in loamy sand by 15 and 13%. The reduced WP in loamy sand was due to nearly 28% fresh tuber yield loss in PRD and DI relative to FI even though ET was reduced by 9 and 11% in these irrigation treatments. This study showed that different soils will affect water-saving irrigation strategies that are worth knowing for suitable agricultural water management. So, under non-limited water resources conditions, loamy sand produces the highest yield under full irrigation but water-saving irrigations (PRD and DI) are not recommended due to considerable loss (28%) in yield. However, under restricted water resources, it is recommended to apply water-saving irrigations in sandy loam and coarse sand to achieve the highest water productivity.  相似文献   

Interaction of 15N-labelled ammonium nitrate,urea and ammonium sulphate with soil N during growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under field conditions     

A. Hamid  M. Ahmad 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1995,20(3):185-189

The effects of ¹⁵N-labelled ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate on yield and uptake of labelled and unlabelled N by wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Mexi-Pak-65) were studied in a field experiment. The dry matter and N yields were significantly increased with fertilizer N application compared to those from unfertilized soil. The wheat crop used 64.0–74.8%, 61.5–64.7% and 61.7–63.4% of the N from ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate, respectively. The fertilizer N uptake showed that ammonium nitrate was a more available source of N for wheat than urea and ammonium sulphate. The effective use of fertilizer N (ratio of fertilizer N in grain to fertilizer N in whole plant) was statistically similar for the three N fertilizers. The application of fertilizer N increased the uptake of unlabelled soil N by wheat, a result attributed to a positive added N interaction, which varied with the method of application of fertilizer N. Ammonium nitrate, urea and ammonium sulphate gave 59.3%, 42.8% and 26.3% more added N interaction, respectively, when applied by the broadcast/worked-in method than with band placement. A highly significant correlation between soil N and grain yield, dry matter and added N interaction showed that soil N was more important than fertilizer N in wheat production. A values were not significantly correlated with added N interaction (r=0.719). The observed added N interaction may have been the result of pool substitution, whereby added labelled fertilizer N stood proxy for unlabelled soil N.  相似文献   

Treatment of Cotton by β-Cyclodextrin/Triclosan Inclusion Complex and Factors Affecting Antimicrobial Properties     

Mikhail Novikov  Kwai Lin Thong  Nur Izzurianna Mohd Zazali  Sharifah Bee Abd Hamid 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(3):548-560

The efficacy of antimicrobial treatment of cotton fabrics depends on various parameters of the coating process, such as the chemical nature and concentration of the antimicrobial agent, the composition of the crosslinking formulation, and the curing temperature. The inclusion complex of triclosan with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, XRD, NMR, Raman, SEM, and TGA. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the complex against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were compared to those of its precursor. A multifactorial study included an evaluation of the effects of triclosan complexation with β-cyclodextrin, a comparison between the glyoxal and tetracarboxylic acid as crosslinkers, an investigation of the effect of crosslinker and catalyst concentrations, and a comparison of curing at 120°C and 180°C. The cotton was characterized by FTIR-ATR, the micrographs of treated samples were obtained by SEM and the weight add-on was calculated. The bactericidal properties were determined according to AATCC-147. The correlation between the coating process parameters and the antimicrobial efficacy was determined. The optimal combination leading to the highest weight add-on and the antimicrobial coating that was most durable to multiple detergent washes at an elevated temperature was the use of complexed triclosan grafted onto the cotton in the presence of tetracarboxylic acid, followed by curing at 180°C. The curing temperatures were 120°C (P=0.002) and 180°C (P=0.008), catalysts were 1 % and 2 % aluminium sulfate and sodium hypophosphite (P<0.001), and the crosslinkers were 5 % and 10 % glyoxal and butanetetracarboxylic acid (P<0.001); these parameters significantly enhanced the antimicrobial properties of the treated fabrics. The study showed that βCD did not have antimicrobial activity, while the βCD/triclosan-treated textile exhibited potential antimicrobial properties. Overall, the bactericidal activity of fabrics can be enhanced by using βCD/triclosan with 10 % butanetetracarboxylic acid as a cross-linker and 5 % sodium hypophosphite as a catalyst at a curing temperature of 180°C.  相似文献   

Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites     

Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Taib  Wageeh Abdulhadi Yehye  Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Julkapli  Sharifah Bee O. A. Abdul Hamid 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(2):383-392

Novel acetylation process by substitution of acetic anhydride substitution with hydroxyl groups on nanocellulose (NCC) has been explored to increase its dispersion and interaction in nitrile butadiene (NBR) matrix. The crystallinity index was increased after modification when compared to unmodified NCC, but no significant different with increases of treatment time from 1 hour to 3 hours treatments proven by X-ray diffraction (XRD) results. The Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) showed the existent of acetyl groups on surface of the NCC after treatment by existent of the peak 1736 cm^-1 that attributed to carbonyl groups some peaks were observed at 1430, 1361 and 1248 cm^-1 and confirmed on the acetylation process. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) also show the present of acetyl groups by existent of the signal of proton methyl group at 1.90 ppm and new peaks at 5.42, 4.70 and 4.34 ppm, for all ACN samples. The thermal results by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the acetylated NCCs were 10 % more thermally stable. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) results showed that no significant changes were observed due to the acetylation process. The results also showed well distributed of individual NCC after acetylation, this improvement was primarily attributed to uniform dispersion of the ACN-NCC and less aggregated occurred. Due to its hydrophobic characteristics, highly crystalline and nano size, ACN-NCC brought a significant improvement up to 25 % on the mechanical properties of nitrile butadiene (NBR) rubber composites.  相似文献   

Transparent Polycaprolactam Electrospun Nanofibers Doped with 1,10-phenanthroline Optical Sensor for Colorimetric Determination of Iron (II) and Vitamin C     

Hamid Najarzadekan  Hassan Sereshti 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(10):2149-2156

A novel optical chemical sensor based on a transparent electrospun nanofibrous scaffold, composed of polycaprolactam (PA6) and 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen), deposited on a glass slide and impregnated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was coupled with UV-vis spectrophotometry and used for colorimetric determination of ferrous ion (Fe²⁺) and ascorbic acid (AA). The electrospun nanofibers were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. The main factors affecting performance of the optical sensor (PA6-Phen/PVA@glass) including Phen dosage, pH of sample solution, electrospinning time, polymer solution flowrate, electrospinning voltage, and PVA amount were investigated and the related optimum values were obtained. The analytical merits of the sensor for quantitative determination of Fe²⁺ and ascorbic acid was evaluated. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for Fe²⁺ were 1 and 3 μg mL^-1, respectively. The linear dynamic range (LDR) was 3–150 μg mL^-1 with the determination coefficient (R²) of 0.991. The relative standard deviation (RSD %, n=3) for a solution of 60 μg mL^-1 was 5.4 %. For determination of AA, LOD and LOQ were obtained equal to 0.5 and 2 μg mL^-1, respectively. The linear dynamic range was in the 2–200 μg mL^-1 range with a R2 of 0.994. The RSD % at 100 μg mL^-1, n=3) was equal to 7.0 %. The sensor was applied successfully to the detection of Fe(II) and AA in real water samples and aspirin tablets.  相似文献   

Growth enhancement of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by passive immunization against somatostatin-14     

Amir Abbas Bazyar Lakeh  Hamid Farahmand  Werner Kloas  Alireza Mirvaghefi  Achim Trubiroha  Brian C. Peterson  Sven Wuertz 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(1):11-21

Juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were passively immunized by intraperitoneal immunization against somatostatin-14 (SS-14) using an antibody originating from egg-laying chicken (Gallus domesticus). Fish were immunized weekly (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 days) with chicken egg yolk-derived immunoglobulin (IgY) against SS-14 (1:25 IgY, 5 mg mL^?1), and growth performance, feed utilization as well as plasma concentrations and mRNA levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) were compared to the control group that received placebo immunization with PBS. Passive immunization significantly increased weight gain of treated fish (67.7 ± 7.4 g) compared to the control group (40.1 ± 2.0 g) after 35 days (p < 0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly improved in the immunized fish (0.7 ± 0.08) compared to control group (1.2 ± 0.06) (p < 0.05). The concentrations of GH and IGF-I in the blood plasma showed no significant differences between the fish treated with anti-SS-14 and those of control during the treatment (p > 0.05). In both groups, GH levels decreased over the 35 days of the experiment (p < 0.05). However, IGF-I level during the period of treatment remained unchanged in both control and immunized fish with the anti-SS-14. Similarly, no changes were observed in pituitary GH and liver IGF-I mRNA levels between treatment and control at each sampling time (p > 0.05). There was no indication of a cumulative, long-lasting effect of repeated immunization on GH or IGF-I plasma concentrations or mRNA expression. The present study shows that a passive immunization of rainbow trout against SS-14 using a chicken egg yolk-derived SS-14 antibody could increase growth rate and improved FCR.  相似文献   

Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of confectionery sunflower (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Helianthus annuus</Emphasis> L.) native to Iran     

Marjan?Jannatdoust  Reza?DarvishzadehEmail author  Roghayyeh?Ziaeifard  Mohammad?Ali?Ebrahimi  Hamid?Hatami?Maleki  Esmaeel?Gholinezhad  Ali?Asghar?Hatamnia 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2016,19(1):37-44

Genetic diversity within and among 50 populations of confectionery sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) collected from different geographical areas of Iran was evaluated by using microsatellite and retrotransposon markers. The number of alleles (Na) in SSR loci ranged from 2 to 3 with an average of 2.1. The polymorphic bands in retrotransposon markers ranged from 7 in locus CR-UR1 to 15 in locus CR-816 with a mean value of 11.33. Herarchical clustering of individuals (50 × 5 = 250) by neighbor joining method in DARwin5 software subdivided them into three groups. Using Bayesian method in the software pakage of Structure, the studied individuals were subdivided into two sub-populations. Principal coordinate analysis revelaed that the two first components explaine 7.86 and 6.16% of the total variance, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a higher level of genetic variation within (70%) than between (30%) populations. High molecular variation among individuals within population possibly is due to high allogamy nature of the sunflower plant. Low genetic variation observed between populations could be considered as a consequence of genetic equilibrium that has occurred over the long period of cultivation of confectionery sunflower in this area as well as seed exchange among regions. The traditional assumption that selecting genotypes of different geographical origin will maximize the diversity available to a breeding project does not hold in confectionery sunflower.  相似文献