Diagnosis of paratuberculosis in goats by cell mediated immune response,conventional and molecular diagnostic techniques     

Rawther SS  Saseendranath MR  Nair GP  Tresamol PV  Pillai UN  Abraham J  Senthilkumar TM  Nagalakshmy S  Nimisha KK 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(4):911-914

In the present study efficacy of single intradermal Johnin test, acid fast staining of faecal smear and IS 900 faecal polymerase chain reaction tests was evaluated in 200 goats for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis. Two hundred goats comprising 150 goats from an organised farm in Trichur district and 50 goats reared under field condition at farmers premise from Malappuram district of Kerala state formed the study population. Faecal smear from all the 200 goats was stained by Ziehl–Neelsen acid fast stain and faecal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) specific for M. avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP); IS 900 was performed on all samples. All the animals were subjected to single intradermal Johnin test. Out of 200 goats screened for paratuberculosis, six goats (3%), 11 goats (5.5%) and 42 goats (21%) were found positive by Ziehl–Neelsen acid fast staining of faecal smear, single intradermal Johnin test and IS 900 PCR respectively. Results of the present study indicate that amplification of IS 900 insertion element was the most specific and sensitive diagnostic detection method. Single intradermal Johnin test and Ziehl–Neelsen acid fast staining did not show any significant difference.  相似文献   

Grouping of banana clones based on genomic groups,ploidy, and seasons of planting for sucker production in Musa spp.     

Siddhesh Shamrao Bhende  Sajan Kurien  Krishnan Sesha Iyer 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2018,18(1):45-67

ABSTRACT

Sucker production of important clones belonging to different ploidy levels and genomic groups were assessed in three different planting seasons at Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India. The study revealed that morphological characters such as plant height, collar girth, and total number of leaves recorded very strong, significant, and positive correlation with sucker production characters but negative correlation was observed with average leaf production interval and bunch weight. The number of dead suckers was found to be positively correlated with plant height, collar girth, “D” leaf area, bunch weight, and average leaf production interval. In a cluster analysis, six banana varieties that were planted in different three seasons (18 entries) and their pooled data (6 entries) were grouped into four distinct clusters each. In factor/principle component analysis, the first three major factors/principle components amounted to a total of 85.9% of the variability. The communality values of the factor analysis revealed that collar girth was the major relative contributory trait for deciding the sucker yield and production in banana.

Abbreviations: EVS: Early vegetative stage; AVS: Active vegetative stage; FBI: Flower bud initiation; FBD: Flower bud differentiation; PCA: Principle component analysis; FA: Factor analysis  相似文献   

Reduced translocation in 2,4‐D‐resistant oriental mustard populations (Sisymbrium orientale L.) from Australia          下载免费PDF全文

Hue Thi Dang  Jenna M Malone  Peter Boutsalis  Mahima Krishnan  Gurjeet Gill  Christopher Preston 《Pest management science》2018,74(6):1524-1532

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Experimental infection of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Betanodavirus</Emphasis> in freshwater fish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Gambusia affinis</Emphasis> (Baird and Girard, 1853)—a potential infection model for viral encephalopathy and retinopathy     

J. Praveenraj  P. Ezhil Praveena  T. Bhuvaneswari  A. Navaneeth Krishnan  K. P. Jithendran 《Aquaculture International》2018,26(2):617-627

Betanodaviruses are the causative agents of the disease known as viral nervous necrosis (VNN) or viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) in a variety of marine and freshwater fish species. The aim of this study was to demonstrate experimental infection of an isolate of betanodavirus (RGNNV genotype) in freshwater fish, Gambusia affinis, for elucidation of transmission mechanism and potential use as a laboratory model. Morbidity and mortality rate was significantly higher by injection route of infection as compared to immersion by bath and resembled the natural infection of juvenile marine fish. The fish in disease affected group showed severe neurological disorders accompanied by extensive vacuolar degeneration and mild to moderate neuronal necrosis of the brain in comparison to control. Amplification of ~?427 bp product in the variable region of the coat protein gene of betanodavirus was achieved by RT-PCR with 100% sequence homology to RGNNV genotype.  相似文献   

Expression of MHC-I and -II in Uterine Tissue from Early Pregnant Bitches     

S Schäfer-Somi  HB Beceriklisoy  I Walter  S Sabitzer  D Klein  H Kanca  D Kaya  AR Agaoglu  H &#;zgür  S Aslan 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):103-108

The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I and -II in uterine tissues from pregnant and non-pregnant bitches, taken at different time periods after mating. The pregnant bitches were ovariohysterectomized during the pre-implantation (group 1, n = 4), implantation (group 2, n = 7) and placentation stage (group 3, n = 7). Non-pregnant animals in diestrus served as controls (group 4, n = 7). The expression of MHC- I and -II in salpinx, apex, middle horn, corpus uteri and at implantation sites was investigated by immunohistochemistry as well as qualitative and quantitative RT-PCR; MHC-I mRNA was detected in all tissues and with quantitative RT-PCR, and no significant changes were detected until placentation. Immunohistologically, at the apex and corpus site, the average number of MHC-II positive cells increased from the pre-implantation to the post-implantation stage (apex: 1.54 ± 1.21 to 3.82 ± 2.93; corpus: 1.62 ± 1.9 to 5.04 ± 4.95; p < 0.05). The greatest numbers of MHC-II positive cells were observed at placentation sites (6.64 ± 5.9). In parallel, a marked increase in the relative mRNA expression of MHC-II in uterine tissues was assessed from the pre-implantation to the placentation stage (relative to Glycerinaldehyd-3-phosphate-Dehydrogenase (GAPDH): 6.9 ± 9.5, 8.4 ± 5.8, p > 0.05). Immunohistologically, in the salpinx, significantly greater numbers of MHC-II positive cells were found in the tissues of pregnant animals than in the control group (p < 0.05). It is proposed that the increase in MHC-II is pregnancy-related, even though the impact on maintenance of canine pregnancy is still unclear.  相似文献   

Uterine Progesterone Receptor and Leukaemia Inhibitory Factor mRNA Expression in Canine Pregnancy     

S Schäfer-Somi  D Klein  HB Beceriklisoy  S Sabitzer  SS Ay  AR Agaoglu  I Kücükaslan  D Kaya  OA Aksoy  S Aslan 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):109-114

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Primitive weedy forms of guar,adak guar: possible missing link in the domestication of guar [<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cyamopsis tetragonoloba</Emphasis> (L.) Taub.]     

S. Gopala Krishnan  N. K. Dwivedi  J. P. Singh 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2011,58(7):961-966

Crop domestication has lead to the selection of a wide range of traits that distinguish domesticated crops from their wild ancestors. Over the past four decades, concerted efforts by archaeologists and geneticists have provided novel insights into the domestication of crops. However, minor crops are rarely a subject for intensive domestication studies and very less is known on the domestication of guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] except the trans-domestication hypothesis. The hypothesis proposes that the domestication of guar took place in recent times in the dry areas of the northwestern region of Indo-Pakistan subcontinent and the African wild species, C. senegalensis Guill. et Perr., as its ancestor. However, the process by which the wild species was domesticated is not fully understood. The present paper describes the exploration, collection and in situ characterization of the primitive weedy forms of guar that could be the missing link between the wild and cultivated species. Adak guar is found to grow along with cultivated guar as a weed and is characterized by several primitive characters, prominent among which are spreading habit, small inedible pods which shatter at maturity, hard seed coat and seed dormancy. A total of 66 germplasm collections of these primitive weedy forms of guar have been made from naturally occurring populations in the arid regions of northwestern India. Systematic studies involving these primitive weedy forms can help in understanding the domestication bottlenecks and in utilizing the genetic variation lost during the process of domestication for the improvement of cultivated guar.  相似文献   

Biofortification of soybean meal: immunological properties of the 27 kDa γ-zein     

Krishnan HB  Jang S  Kim WS  Kerley MS  Oliver MJ  Trick HN 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(4):1223-1228

Legumes, including soybeans ( Glycine max ), are deficient in sulfur-containing amino acids, which are required for the optimal growth of monogastric animals. This deficiency can be overcome by expressing heterologous proteins rich in sulfur-containing amino acids in soybean seeds. A maize 27 kDa γ-zein, a cysteine-rich protein, has been successfully expressed in several crops including soybean, barley, and alfalfa with the intent to biofortify these crops for animal feed. Previous work has shown that the maize 27 kDa zein can withstand digestion by pepsin and elicit an immunogenic response in young pigs. By use of sera from patients who tested positive by ImmunoCAP assay for elevated IgE to maize proteins, specific IgE binding to the 27 kDa γ-zein is demonstrated. Bioinformatic analysis using the full-length and 80 amino acid sliding window FASTA searches identified significant sequence homology of the 27 kDa γ-zein with several known allergens. Immunoblot analysis using human serum that cross-reacts with maize seed proteins also revealed specific IgE-binding to the 27 kDa γ-zein in soybean seed protein extracts containing the 27 kDa zein. This study demonstrates for the first time the allergenicity potential of the 27 kDa γ-zein and the potential that this protein has to limit livestock performance when used in soybeans that serve as a biofortified feed supplement.  相似文献   

Synergistic effect of inoculating plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas spp. and Rhizobium leguminosarum-FB1 on growth and nutrient uptake of rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)     

Pankaj Kumar Mishra  Shekhar Chandra Bisht  Krishnan Jeevanandan  Sanjay Kumar  Jaideep Kumar Bisht  Jagdish Chandra Bhatt 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):799-815

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) Pseudomonas lurida-NPRp15 and Pseudomonas putida-PGRs4 possessing multiple plant growth-promoting traits were isolated from rhizoplane of pea and rhizosphere of garlic, respectively. The effects of individuals and combinations of Pseudomonas spp. with effective root nodulating symbiotic nitrogen fixing Rhizobium leguminosarum-FB1 on plant growth, nutrient uptake and yield of the rajmash plant were studied under greenhouse conditions. Bacterial inoculation resulted in significantly higher values for plant dry biomass, N, P, K, Zn and Fe contents as compared to the uninoculated control. Furthermore, dual inoculation of P. lurida-NPRp15 with R. leguminosarum-FB1 significantly increased root and shoot dry weight, nodulation, nutrient uptake, pod yield, and nutrient content of pods of rajmash VL63 compared to controls, single and triple inoculation. The results of the study indicate the potential of harnessing the benefit of plant growth-promoting and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms to improve the growth and yield of rajmash.  相似文献   

Lectin histochemical pattern on the normal and cystic ovaries of sows     

Marcelo HAF Mendes  Maria HB Pinto  Eduardo J Gimeno  Claudio G Barbeito  Fabiano JF de Sant'Ana 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(10):1366-1374

The lectin histochemical pattern (LHP) was characterized and compared in normal and cystic ovaries of sows. Six biotinylated lectins (PNA, SBA, WGA, RCA‐1, DBA and UEA‐1) were used on tissue sections. In the normal ovaries, the reaction to UEA‐1 and SBA was mild to moderate in mesothelial and endothelial cells. RCA‐1 staining was mild to moderate in theca interna of growing follicles, corpora luteum and mesothelium. In addition, this lectin presented strong reaction in endothelial cells, granulosa cells of atretic follicles, zona pellucida of growing follicles and plasma. DBA showed strong intensity in mesothelial and endothelial cells. There was mild to moderate reactivity to WGA in granulosa cells, corpus luteum and theca interna of follicles in development, and moderate in zona pellucida, in granulosa cells of atretic follicles and mesothelium. PNA staining was mild to moderate in oocytes and in the adventitia and media of medullary arteries. Changes in the LHP of the cystic ovaries were noted; however, there were no differences in these findings between the follicular and luteinized cysts. UEA‐1 reactivity in the cystic ovaries was moderately reduced in the mesothelial and endothelial cells, whereas there was mild reduction in the DBA staining in the granulosa cells. Reaction to RCA‐1 and WGA in the cysts also was decreased in theca interna, zona pellucida and granulosa cells of atretic follicles. Furthermore, endothelium and theca interna in the cystic ovaries presented mild reduction of marcation to SBA, whereas there was decreased reactivity to PNA in the oocytes and adventitia and media layers of the medullary arteries. The results of the current study show that cysts modify the LHP in swine ovaries. These changes of glycoconjugates in many ovarian structures could modify diverse process and may be one of the reasons for decreased fertility in sows.  相似文献