First report of Seville root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne hispanica) infecting tobacco in the Brazil     

de Ramos  Eduarda Kalena Kirsch  Pazdiora  Paulo Cesar  Dallagnol  Leandro José  de Souza  Mayara Rodrigues  de Araujo Filho  Jeronimo Vieira 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2023,130(1):211-214

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is one of the major nonfood crops in the Southern of Brazil. During 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 crop seasons, Root Knot...  相似文献   

Target and non-target site mechanisms of fungicide resistance and their implications for the management of crop pathogens     

Adriano Francis Dorigan  Silvino Intra Moreira  Sarah da Silva Costa Guimarães  Valter Cruz-Magalhães  Eduardo Alves 《Pest management science》2023,79(12):4731-4753

Fungicides are indispensable for high-quality crops, but the rapid emergence and evolution of fungicide resistance have become the most important issues in modern agriculture. Hence, the sustainability and profitability of agricultural production have been challenged due to the limited number of fungicide chemical classes. Resistance to site-specific fungicides has principally been linked to target and non-target site mechanisms. These mechanisms change the structure or expression level, affecting fungicide efficacy and resulting in different and varying resistance levels. This review provides background information about fungicide resistance mechanisms and their implications for developing anti-resistance strategies in plant pathogens. Here, our purpose was to review changes at the target and non-target sites of quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides, methyl-benzimidazole carbamate (MBC) fungicides, demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides, and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides and to evaluate if they may also be associated with a fitness cost on crop pathogen populations. The current knowledge suggests that understanding fungicide resistance mechanisms can facilitate resistance monitoring and assist in developing anti-resistance strategies and new fungicide molecules to help solve this issue. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

The development of the normal Schirmer tear test results during the dog's first year of life     

Manuella Oliveira Borges de Sampaio  Bret A. Moore  Nathália Mendonça de Seabra  Mariza Bortolini  Thayane Cristina Vieira  Camilla Bolmann Martins  Ana Leticia Groszewicz de Souza  Camila Marinelli Martins  Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2023,26(3):184-190

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Risk factors influencing death prior to discharge in 302 dogs undergoing unilateral adrenalectomy for treatment of primary adrenal gland tumours     

Hunter J. Piegols  Brittany E. Abrams  Janis M. Lapsley  Megan T. Cray  Josephine A. Dornbusch  Christina Murphy  Brandan G. Wustefeld-Janssens  Carlos H. Souza  Marine Traverson  Pierre Amsellem  Elroy Williams  Owen T. Skinner  Julius M. Liptak  Julie A. Stephens  Laura E. Selmic 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2023,21(4):673-684

Adrenalectomies for canine adrenal tumours are associated with peri-operative morbidity and mortality. Objectives of this study included assessing the prognostic value of tumour- or surgery-related variables in predicting peri-operative mortality and overall survival in dogs undergoing adrenalectomies for primary adrenal tumours as well as pre-treatment with phenoxybenzamine on survival to discharge with pheochromocytomas specifically. A multi-institutional retrospective cohort study was performed across nine institutions. Electronic medical record searches identified 302 dogs which met the inclusion criteria. Data collected included dog-related, tumour-related, treatment-related, surgery-related, and outcome variables. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression and cox proportional hazards models were used to identify variables associated with death prior to discharge and tumour-related survival. Overall, 87% of dogs survived to discharge with a tumour-related survival time of 3.96 years. Post-operative complications were reported in 25%. Increased surgical time (p = 0.002) and pre-surgical medical treatment other than phenoxybenzamine (p = 0.024) were significantly associated with increased peri-operative mortality while ureteronephrectomy (p = 0.021), post-operative pancreatitis (p = 0.025), and post-operative aspiration pneumonia (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with decreased overall survival. Phenoxybenzamine pretreatment had no effect on peri-operative mortality. Thirty-seven of 45 (82%) dogs with pheochromocytomas not pretreated survived to discharge, and 50 of 59 (85%) dogs with pheochromocytomas pretreated with phenoxybenzamine survived to discharge (p = 0.730). This study provides information on risk factors for death prior to discharge and tumour-related survival that may help guide clinical management and owner expectations. In addition, the study findings challenge the previously reported benefit of phenoxybenzamine for pretreatment of dogs undergoing adrenalectomies for pheochromocytomas.  相似文献   

Genomic prediction for meat and carcass traits in Nellore cattle using a Markov blanket algorithm     

Fernando Brito Lopes  Fernando Baldi  Ludmilla Costa Brunes  Marcos Fernando Oliveira e Costa  Eduardo da Costa Eifert  Guilherme Jordão Magalhães Rosa  Raysildo Barbosa Lobo  Cláudio Ulhoa Magnabosco 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2023,140(1):1-12

This study was carried out to evaluate the advantage of preselecting SNP markers using Markov blanket algorithm regarding the accuracy of genomic prediction for carcass and meat quality traits in Nellore cattle. This study considered 3675, 3680, 3660 and 524 records of rib eye area (REA), back fat thickness (BF), rump fat (RF), and Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF), respectively, from the Nellore Brazil Breeding Program. The animals have been genotyped using low-density SNP panel (30 k), and subsequently imputed for arrays with 777 k SNPs. Four Bayesian specifications of genomic regression models, namely Bayes A, Bayes B, Bayes Cπ and Bayesian Ridge Regression methods were compared in terms of prediction accuracy using a five folds cross-validation. Prediction accuracy for REA, BF and RF was all similar using the Bayesian Alphabet models, ranging from 0.75 to 0.95. For WBSF, the predictive ability was higher using Bayes B (0.47) than other methods (0.39 to 0.42). Although the prediction accuracies using Markov blanket of SNP markers were lower than those using all SNPs, for WBSF the relative gain was lower than 13%. With a subset of informative SNPs markers, identified using Markov blanket, probably, is possible to capture a large proportion of the genetic variance for WBSF. The development of low-density and customized arrays using Markov blanket might be cost-effective to perform a genomic selection for this trait, increasing the number of evaluated animals, improving the management decisions based on genomic information and applying genomic selection on a large scale.  相似文献   

Outbreak of shoot blight and dieback of Eucalyptus spp., caused by Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti in Brazil     

Edival Ângelo Valverde Zauza  Lúcio Mauro da Silva Guimarães  Nilza de Lima Pereira Sales  Samuel Alves dos Santos  Rafael Ferreira Alfenas  Acelino Couto Alfenas 《Forest Pathology》2023,53(2):e12806

An outbreak of a new and severe disease was observed in Eucalyptus plantations of Bahia state, Brazil. An Ascomycota fungus has been frequently associated with the main symptoms of the disease namely leaf spot, branch cankers, shoot blight, defoliation, and dieback. Based on morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analysis (ITS and TEF-1α genes), and pathogenicity test on Eucalyptus plants, Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti was identified as the causal agent of the disease. Although P. eucalytpi has been known from in Brazil since 1998, this is the first report of it causing severe disease and die-back on Eucalyptus spp. and we also record new symptoms associated with the pathogen.  相似文献   

Potential Anti-Obesity,Anti-Steatosis,and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Extracts from the Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorococcum amblystomatis under Different Growth Conditions     

Ana Regueiras  lvaro Huguet  Tiago Conde  Daniela Couto  Pedro Domingues  Maria Rosrio Domingues  Ana Margarida Costa  Joana Laranjeira da Silva  Vitor Vasconcelos  Ralph Urbatzka 《Marine drugs》2022,20(1)

Microalgae are known as a producer of proteins and lipids, but also of valuable compounds for human health benefits (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs); minerals, vitamins, or other compounds). The overall objective of this research was to prospect novel products, such as nutraceuticals from microalgae, for application in human health, particularly for metabolic diseases. Chlorella vulgaris and Chlorococcum amblystomatis were grown autotrophically, and C. vulgaris was additionally grown heterotrophically. Microalgae biomass was extracted using organic solvents (dichloromethane, ethanol, ethanol with ultrasound-assisted extraction). Those extracts were evaluated for their bioactivities, toxicity, and metabolite profile. Some of the extracts reduced the neutral lipid content using the zebrafish larvae fat metabolism assay, reduced lipid accumulation in fatty-acid-overloaded HepG2 liver cells, or decreased the LPS-induced inflammation reaction in RAW264.7 macrophages. Toxicity was not observed in the MTT assay in vitro or by the appearance of lethality or malformations in zebrafish larvae in vivo. Differences in metabolite profiles of microalgae extracts obtained by UPLC-LC-MS/MS and GNPS analyses revealed unique compounds in the active extracts, whose majority did not have a match in mass spectrometry databases and could be potentially novel compounds. In conclusion, microalgae extracts demonstrated anti-obesity, anti-steatosis, and anti-inflammatory activities and could be valuable resources for developing future nutraceuticals. In particular, the ultrasound-assisted ethanolic extract of the heterotrophic C. vulgaris significantly enhanced the anti-obesity activity and demonstrated that the alteration of culture conditions is a valuable approach to increase the production of high-value compounds.  相似文献   

Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for the Recovery of Carotenoids from Guava’s Pulp and Waste Powders     

da Silva Lima  Renan  Nunes  Itaciara Larroza  Block  Jane Mara 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(1):63-69

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - In this work, lycopene- and β-carotene-rich extracts were obtained from guava’s pulp and waste powders using maceration (ME), ultrasonic bath (BUAE,...  相似文献   

Effects of chronic dietary thiamethoxam and prothioconazole exposure on Apis mellifera worker adults and brood     

Sarah C Wood  Igor Medici de Mattos  Ivanna V Kozii  Colby D Klein  Ihor Dvylyuk  Crystani D A Folkes  Roney de Carvalho Macedo Silva  Igor Moshynskyy  Tasha Epp  Elemir Simko 《Pest management science》2020,76(1):85-94

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Ovicidal lectins from Moringa oleifera and Myracrodruon urundeuva cause alterations in chorionic surface and penetrate the embryos of Aedes aegypti eggs     

Robson RV Alves  Tatiana Soares  Elinaldo FL Bento  Ricardo S Roldan‐Filho  Brbara SS Souza  Marcele KN Lima  Jssica S Nascimento  Luana CBB Coelho  Roberto A S  Thmarah A Lima  Gabriel GA Gonalves  Fbio A Brayner  Luiz C Alves  Daniela MAF Navarro  Thiago H Napoleo  Patrícia MG Paiva 《Pest management science》2020,76(2):730-736

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