Agronomic traits at the seedling stage,yield, and fiber quality in two cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars in response to phosphorus deficiency     

Huijie Li  Jiawei Wang  Saif Ali  Babar Iqbal  He Zhang  Shanshan Wang 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2020,66(2):308-316

ABSTRACT

Cotton is critical for phosphorus demands and very sensitive for its deficiency. However, identifying the effect of low-phosphorus tolerance on cotton growth, yield, and fiber quality by reducing phosphorus consumption. This may help to develop phosphorus-tolerant high-yielding cotton cultivars. In a two-year repeated (2015 and 2016) hydroponic experiment (using 0.01 and 1 mM KH₂PO₄), two cotton cultivars with phosphorus sensitivity (Lu 54; a low-phosphorus sensitive and Yuzaomian 9110; a low-phosphorus tolerant) were screened on the base of agronomic traits and physiological indices through correlation analysis, cluster analysis and principal component analysis from 16 cotton cultivars. Low phosphorus nutrition reduced the plant height, leaf number, leaf area, phosphorus accumulation and biomass in various organs of seedlings. The deficiency negatively affected the morphogenesis of seedlings, as well as yield and fiber quality. Further, these screened cultivars were tested in a pot experiment with 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 kg P₂O₅ ha^?1 during 2016 and 2017. It was found to have a significant (P< 0.05) difference in boll number, lint yield, fiber strength, and micronaire at the harvest. Furthermore, after collectively analyzed the characteristics of Lu 54 and Yuzaomian 9110, there were six key indices that could improve the low phosphorus tolerance of cotton cultivars. These were root phosphorus accumulation, stem phosphorus accumulation percentage, leaf and total biomass of seedlings, seed cotton weight per boll and fiber length.  相似文献   

Analysis of the variations in dry matter yield and resource use efficiency of maize under different rates of nitrogen,phosphorous and water supply     

Ali Momen  Mehdi Nassiri Mahallati 《Journal of plant nutrition》2020,43(9):1306-1319

Abstract

Increasing resources use efficiency in intensive cultivation systems of maize (Zea mays L.) can play an important role in increasing the production and sustainability of agricultural systems. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate DM yield and the efficiency of inputs uses under different levels of water, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in maize. Therefore, three levels of irrigation including 80 (ETc₈₀), 100 (ETc₁₀₀) and 120% (ETc₁₂₀) of crop evapotranspiration were considered as the main plots, and the factorial combination of three levels of zero (N₀), 200 (N₂₀₀) and 400 (N₄₀₀) kg N ha^?1 with three levels of zero (P₀), 100(P₁₀₀) and 200 (P₂₀₀) kg P ha^?1 was considered as the sub plots. The results showed that increasing the consumption of water and P was led to the reduction of N and P utilization efficiency, while RUE increased. WUE was also increased in response to application of N and P, but decreased when ET_C increased. DM yield under ETc₈₀ treatment reduced by 11 and 12%, respectively, compared to ETc₁₀₀ and ETc₁₂₀ which was due to reduction of cumulative absorbed radiation (R_abs(cum)) and RUE. Under these conditions, changes of stomatal conductance (gs) had little effect on DM yield. It was also found that N limitation caused 11 and 20% reduction in DM yield compared to N₂₀₀ and N₄₀₀, respectively. This yield reduction was mainly the result of decrease in RUE. By decreasing R_abs(cum), P deficiency also reduced DM yield by 5 and 9%, respectively, relative to P₁₀₀ and P₂₀₀ treatments.  相似文献   

The effects of fascioliasis on the activities of some drug-metabolizing enzymes in desert sheep liver.   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H A Elsheikh  B H Ali  A M Homeida  A A Lutfi  H J Hapke 《The British veterinary journal》1992,148(3):249-257

Desert sheep experimentally or naturally infected with Fasciola gigantica were used to study the influence of infection on the activities of some drug-metabolizing enzymes found in the liver. The enzymes investigated were aminopyrine N-demethylase, aniline 4-hydroxylase and UDP-glucuronyltransferase. The experimental infection was confirmed histologically by detection of Fasciola eggs in faeces and by measuring the activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase (SD), glutamate dehydrogenase (GD) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in plasma during the course of the disease. Liver specimens from naturally infected sheep were obtained from the slaughter house. The activities of aminopyrine N-demethylase and aniline 4-hydroxylase were significantly decreased in sheep either naturally infected or during the acute stage of experimental fascioliasis (killed 5 weeks post-infection). The activity of UDP-glucuronyltransferase was decreased in naturally infected sheep and those killed 9 or 13 weeks post-experimental infection.  相似文献   

水分胁迫对扁桃砧木干物质和叶绿素含量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

克热木·伊力  王丽娜  侯江涛 《经济林研究》2007,25(4):1-5

以新疆常用的扁桃砧木石头扁桃和毛桃的1年生实生苗为材料,设置土壤相对含水量分别为田间最大持水量的100%、80%、60%、40%和20%5个处理,研究了不同水分胁迫条件对其干物质和叶绿素含量的影响。水分胁迫处理第10、20、30天后取样,测定其叶绿素含量;在水分胁迫处理第30天取样测定其干物质含量。结果表明:2个供试品种对水分胁迫的反应一致。在土壤相对含水量为80%时,总干物质含量和叶质量比最高,土壤相对含水量较多或较少都会减少干物质的积累,石头扁桃总干物质含量和叶质量比的下降幅度大于毛桃。根质量比和根冠比在土壤相对含水量为80%时最低,随着水分胁迫程度的加剧,根质量比和根冠比升高,石头扁桃的升高幅度大于毛桃。在土壤相对含水量为80%时叶绿素a和叶绿素(a b)的含量最高,随着胁迫程度的加剧和时间的延长,叶绿素a和叶绿素(a b)的含量降低,石头扁桃的降低幅度大于毛桃。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地多种沙源类型沙通量异变特征研究     

霍文  何清  杨兴华  艾力·买买提明  黄有志 《水土保持研究》2012,19(5):120-125

以塔里木盆地周边地区多种沙尘源地为研究区,通过塔中、肖塘、若羌、策勒四个风沙观测场获取的沙尘暴过程中贴地层风向、风速数据以及风蚀传感器实测的撞击颗粒数等数据计算出各地起沙临界摩擦速度,利用Gillette经典的垂直沙尘通量及Lettau水平沙尘通量公式对若羌、策勒、塔中、肖塘沙尘通量进行了估算,并通过各层实测的梯度风速作为背景值界定出塔里木盆地多种沙源类型沙通量变化比对特征,结果表明:垂直沙尘通量F量级为10-8kg/(m2.s),水平沙尘通量Q量级为10-4 kg/(m.s);风速相同情况下,F若羌最大,策勒次之,塔中、肖塘较小;Q若羌值最大,策勒次之,塔中第三,肖塘最小。垂直沙通量F与风速都表现出较好的线性相关,风速递增,垂直沙通量递增;风速递减,垂直沙通量递减。在风速递增幅度相同条件下,若羌Q值递增幅度最大,策勒次之,塔中、肖塘基本相同。  相似文献   

盐胁迫对扁桃砧木营养器官离子吸收的影响     

克热木·伊力  买合木提·卡热  侯江涛 《新疆农业大学学报》2007,30(4):46-51

温室条件下,用NaCl和Na2SO4处理石头扁桃、桃扁桃和毛桃,处理浓度为0,75,150,300和350 mmol/L,处理10,20 d分别取叶、根和茎,测定各器官中离子吸收与分布变化规律。研究结果表明,盐胁迫下,3种砧木根、茎、叶中Na ,Cl-,SO42-含量及Na /K 比均随盐浓度的增加和处理时间的延长而增加,K 含量变化规律不稳定,但桃扁桃根、茎和叶片中K 略高于其他两个品种;石头扁桃根、茎、叶片中Na /K 比值高于其它两个品种,桃扁桃中Na /K 比值最低。桃扁桃根部Na ,Cl-和SO42-含量高于石头扁桃和毛桃,而叶片和茎中Na ,Cl-和SO42-含量却低于石头扁桃和毛桃。桃扁桃根部能够积累较多的Na ,阻止和减少了Na 向地上部的运输,从而减轻了Na2SO4对它的伤害,进而表明了桃扁桃耐盐能力较强。  相似文献   

Influence of NaCl salinity on some physiological aspect of strawberry cv. Camarosa     

Asghar Rahimi  Ali Biglarifard  Majid Firozabadi 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2011,37(5):378-384

One of the most important elements affecting the growth and development of a plant is salinity. Therefore, to evaluate the effect of salinity on some physiological aspect of Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) plants cv. Camarosa, a greenhouse experiment was conducted at Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan in 2009. This study was carried out as Factorial experiment based on RCD design with 4 replications to determine the influence of salinities (0, 30, 60 and 9 mMol.L-1) on proline, soluble sugars content, chlorophyll a (CHLa), chlorophyll b (CHLb), total chlorophyll (TC), Spad and chlorophyll florescence. Results indicated that fresh leaves tissue were used to measure proline, soluble protein and soluble sugars content, CHLa, CHLb, TC. Salinity treatment significantly increased proline content, soluble sugars while chlorophyll a (CHLa), chlorophyll b (CHLb), Spad and chlorophyll florescence significantly decreased. Nine day after NaCl exposure, Fv/Fm and Spad in 60 and 90 mM NaCl were significantly lower than control. It was concluded that this cultivar of strawberry may uses osmoregulation by increasing proline and soluble sugars level in order to tolerate salinity conditions.  相似文献   

Aurasperone A Inhibits SARS CoV-2 In Vitro: An Integrated In Vitro and In Silico Study     

Mai H. ElNaggar  Ghada M. Abdelwahab  Omnia Kutkat  Mohamed GabAllah  Mohamed A. Ali  Mohamed E. A. El-Metwally  Ahmed M. Sayed  Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen  Ashraf T. Khalil 《Marine drugs》2022,20(3)

Several natural products recovered from a marine-derived Aspergillus niger were tested for their inhibitory activity against SARS CoV-2 in vitro. Aurasperone A (3) was found to inhibit SARS CoV-2 efficiently (IC₅₀ = 12.25 µM) with comparable activity with the positive control remdesivir (IC₅₀ = 10.11 µM). Aurasperone A exerted minimal cytotoxicity on Vero E6 cells (CC₅₀ = 32.36 mM, SI = 2641.5) and it was found to be much safer than remdesivir (CC₅₀ = 415.22 µM, SI = 41.07). To putatively highlight its molecular target, aurasperone A was subjected to molecular docking against several key-viral protein targets followed by a series of molecular dynamics-based in silico experiments that suggested M^pro to be its primary viral protein target. More potent anti-SARS CoV-2 M^pro inhibitors can be developed according to our findings presented in the present investigation.  相似文献   

Some Limiting Factors in Superintensive Production of Juvenile Pacific White Shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei,in No‐water‐exchange,Biofloc‐dominated Systems          下载免费PDF全文

David I. Prangnell  Leandro F. Castro  Abdulmehdi S. Ali  Craig L. Browdy  Paul V. Zimba  Susan E. Laramore  Tzachi M. Samocha 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2016,47(3):396-413

Superintensive shrimp culture in zero‐exchange, biofloc‐dominated production systems is more biosecure and sustainable than traditional shrimp farming practices. However, successful application of this technology depends upon optimizing dietary formulations, controlling Vibrio outbreaks, and managing accumulative changes in water quality and composition. A 49‐d study investigated the effect of two commercial feeds of differing protein content and an indoor limited‐exchange, biofloc‐dominated culture environment on Litopenaeus vannamei performance and tissue composition, water quality and ionic composition, and Vibrio dynamics. Juveniles (5.3 g) were stocked at 457/m³ into four 40 m³ shallow raceways containing biofloc‐dominated water and fed one of two commercial feeds with differing protein content, 35 or 40%. Shrimp performance, Vibrio populations, and changes in shrimp and culture water composition were monitored. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in shrimp performance (survival, weight, growth, specific growth rate, total biomass, yield, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio) or proximate composition between feed types. The 40% protein feed resulted in higher culture water nitrate and phosphate concentrations, alkalinity consumption and bicarbonate use, and higher phytoplankton density. The presence of Vibrio, specifically Vibrio parahaemolyticus, reduced shrimp survival. This survival decrease corresponded with increased culture water Vibrio concentrations. Culture water K⁺ and Mg²⁺ increased significantly (P < 0.05), and Sr²⁺, Br^?, and Cl^? decreased significantly (P < 0.05) over time. While Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ did increase in shrimp tissue, no heavy metals accumulated to problematic levels in culture water or shrimp tissue. These results demonstrate the importance of monitoring Vibrio populations and ionic composition in limited‐exchange shrimp culture systems.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Haemopoiesis in the head kidney of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Teleostei: Cichlidae): a morphological (optical and ultrastructural) study     

El-Saydah H. Abdel-Aziz  Suzan B. S. Abdu  T. El-Sayed Ali  Huda F. Fouad 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2012,38(6):1857-1857

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