Impact of Past Mining Activity on the Quality of Water and Soil in the High Moulouya Valley (Morocco)     

Pietro Iavazzo  Daniela Ducci  Paola Adamo  Marco Trifuoggi  Antonello Migliozzi  Maria Boni 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(2):573-589

Physical and chemical properties and the total content of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in waters and soils were studied from the High Moulouya Valley (Morocco) in order to assess the impact of the past mining activity on their quality and to lay the foundations of a potential reclamation of the area. Surface water and groundwater samples were collected from the Moulouya River and mine pit lakes; tailings and soils were sampled inside and outside the mine sites of Zeïda, Mibladen, and Aouli. Both waters and soils were alkaline, due to the limestone environment, and contained Pb and Zn as main metallic contaminants. Pollution levels were highest within the Mibladen mining site, and soil pollution was mainly restricted to the areas where activities of metal concentration were carried out. Tailings and soils from these areas besides Pb and Zn were also polluted by As, Cd, and Cu showing clay fraction highly enriched in metal contaminants. At the time of study, all soils and wastes (including the highly polluted tailings) were in advanced stage of spontaneous herbaceous and arbustive revegetation. It is concluded that, in the High Moulouya Valley, the processes governing PTM transfer from the element-rich sites to the nearby environment are strongly influenced by pH, carbonate content, and semi-arid climate reducing metal mobility from the mining waste impoundments by dissolution. The transfer by wind and water erosion of metal-enriched fine waste particles is likely to be a much more important vector for metal dispersion. In this perspective, among a range of land remediation techniques available, natural and oriented revegetation could represent a low-cost and possible permanent solution.  相似文献   

Ecotoxicological characterisation of a mycoherbicide mixture isolated from the fungus Ascochyta caulina     

Pietro Fumagalli  Anna Andolfi  Fabiana Avolio  Angela Boari  Alessio Cimmino  Antonio Finizio 《Pest management science》2013,69(7):850-856

  相似文献   

Validation of body condition score as a predictor of subcutaneous fat in Nelore (Bos indicus) cows     

Henderson Ayres  Roberta Machado Ferreira  Jos Ribamar de Souza Torres-Júnior  Clarice Garcia Borges Demtrio  Csar Gonalves de Lima  Pietro Sampaio Baruselli 《Livestock Science》2009,123(2-3):175-179

The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship among body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS) and rump fat thickness (RFAT) measured by ultrasonography, and validate the relationship between BCS and RFAT over the time. Two hundred sixty and six Nelore cows had their BW, BCS and RFAT evaluated at five different moments during the production cycle: M1) weaning; M2) parturition, M3) 42 days post-partum; M4) 82 days post-partum and M5) 112 days post-partum. A BCS value was attributed for each cow following a 1 to 5 points scale. Ultrasonographic images for RFAT measurement were obtained using a 3.5 MHz linear transducer. Images were immediately analyzed as soon as they were formed and frozen. Body condition scores and ultrasound measurements were collected on the same day by a single trained technician. The relationship between BCS and RFAT values was investigated by regression models. The analysis of similarity among the five obtained models was performed using the proc MIXED from SAS and the correlations among variables were analyzed with proc CORR from SAS. The BCS was able to predict RFAT in Nelore cows in all different moments evaluated. Also, it was shown that BCS presented high correlation (r = 0.82 to 0.93) and relationship (R² = 0.73 to 0.92) with RFAT. However, both BCS and RFAT showed low correlation (r = 0.37 to 0.50) and relationship (R² = 0.13 to 0.25) with BW. The BCS classification by visual method using a 1 to 5 point scale, was able to predict the RFAT in Nelore cows over the time.  相似文献   

Clinical and Diagnostic Patterns of Leishmaniasis in the Dog     

Oju JP  Mpoame M 《Veterinary research communications》2006,30(1):39-43

Veterinary Research Communications -  相似文献   

Morphological and molecular characterization of local varieties,modern cultivars and wild relatives of an emerging vegetable crop,the pepino (Solanum muricatum), provides insight into its diversity,relationships and breeding history     

Francisco Javier Herraiz  Santiago Vilanova  Isabel Andújar  Daniel Torrent  Mariola Plazas  Pietro Gramazio  Jaime Prohens 《Euphytica》2015,206(2):301-318

  相似文献   

Biochemical and cytological analyses in natural populations ofVicia benghalensis L.     

Angela Rosa Piergiovanni  Incoronata Galasso  Pietro Perrino  Domenico Pignone 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1995,42(4):347-352

Summary 27 accessions ofVicia benghalensis from different geographical origins constitute the pool on which the present study was performed. Genetic variation among the samples was biochemically and cytologically evaluated: seed storage protein profiles and C-banded karyotypes were analysed from single individuals of each accession. SDS-PAGE has shown the possibility to divide the samples into two groups, each characterized by specific protein profiles. The two patterns were indicated as A and B. From individual seed electrophoresis it was ascertained that samples possessing the pattern A showed a low level of individual variation, while those possessing the pattern B were highly polymorphic, thus suggesting differences in the allogamic rate. The cytological analysis demonstrated the presence of two groups of accessions, one being much richer in heterochromatin as evidenced by C-banding (H⁺) than the other (H^-). The analysis of biochemical and karyological data showed a constant association between pattern A and karyotype H⁻ and between pattern B and karyotype H⁺. On the basis of these results it is proposed to considerV. benghalensis as a highly heteromorphic species, in which two groups may be identified.  相似文献   

Isolation, characterization, and antioxidant activity of E- and Z-p-coumaryl fatty acid esters from cv. Annurca apple fruits     

Cefarelli G  D'Abrosca B  Fiorentino A  Izzo A  Monaco P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(9):3525-3529

A total of 12 fatty acid esters of Z- and E-p-coumaryl alcohol were isolated from cv. Annurca apple fruit and characterized. This apple variety is widely cultivated in the south of Italy, and the fruits typically undergoe a reddening treatment after harvest. Structures of the p-coumaryl esters were elucidated by GC-MS and (1)H and (13)C NMR after purification of individual compounds by HPLC. It was found that the esters are localized in the fruit peel. During reddening of the fruit, there was a substantial increase in the amount of esters and particularly in molecular species with unsaturated fatty acids. The individual compounds were tested for antioxidant activity, and over half were shown to be at least as effective as alpha-tocopherol.  相似文献   

Sperm winding in Collembola     

Romano Dallai  Pietro P. Fanciulli  Francesco Frati  Eugenio Paccagnini  Pietro Lupetti 《Pedobiologia》2004,48(5-6):493-501

The winding process leading to the formation of rolled-up spermatozoa in Collembola is described. It is a phenomenon common to all collembolan species examined so far and it starts with the organization of a cytoplasmic flattened evagination beneath the head of the elongated spermatid, which gives rise to an extracellular cavity. Within this cavity secretory material produced by the epithelial cells of testes is progressively stored. The spermatozoon, whose cytoplasm is reduced to a thin layer, enrolls around this material. The final appearance is that of a spheroidal or lenticular structure containing dense material in the central extracellular cavity; this cavity is surrounded by the flattened sperm in whose cytoplasm the sperm components forms several spires. The material into the extracellular cavity becomes progressively denser and has a different appearance in the species examined.  相似文献   

Collection of plant genetic resources in South Italy, 1986     

Karl Hammer  Pietro Perrino  Domenico Pignone 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1987,35(2):389-399

Summary In continuation of collecting activities in the last six years a further mission has been carried out in South Italy jointly by staff members of the Istituto del Germoplasma, Bari, and the Zentralinstitut für Genetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Gatersleben, in September 1986 for exploring and collecting plant genetic resources. In this year South-eastern parts of Calabria and the Ìsole Ègadi have been covered. 90 samples, mainly of vegetables, grain legumes and some cereals, could be collected. The material represents variable land-races and wild relatives of crop plants. From the last groupBrassica, Beta and some wild cereals, asSecale, Aegilops andDasypyrum, should be mentioned. With this mission the exploration of South Italy is nearly completed. Further activities will concentrate to some selected regions.

---

Sammlung pflanzlicher und genetischer Ressourcen in Süditalien 1986

Zusammenfassung In Fortführung von Sammlungsaktivitäten der letzten sechs Jahre, wurde im September 1986 eine weitere Sammelreise, gemeinsam von Mitarbeitern des Istituto del Germoplasma, Bari, und des Zentralinstituts für Genetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, Gatersleben, unternommen, die dem Studium und der Sammlung pflanzlicher genetischer Ressourcen diente. In diesem Jahr wurden südöstliche Teile Kalabriens und die Ìsole Ègadi erfaßt. 90 Proben, besonders von Gemüsen, Körnerleguminosen und einigen Getreiden, konnten gesammelt werden. Das Material besteht aus variablen Landsorten und wildwachsenden Verwandten der Kulturpflanzen. Aus der letztgenannten Gruppe sindBrassica, Beta und einige Wildgetreide, wieSecale, Aegilops undDasypyrum, zu nennen. Mit dieser Sammelreise ist die Exploration Süditaliens im wesentlichen abgeschlossen. Weitere Aktivitäten werden sich auf einige ausgewählte Gebiete beschränken.

---

1986

, () (), 1986 , . - . 90 , , , . . Brassica, Beta , Secale, Aegilops Dasypyrum. . .

  相似文献   

Environmental effects caused by olive mill wastewaters: toxicity comparison of low-molecular-weight phenol components     

Fiorentino A  Gentili A  Isidori M  Monaco P  Nardelli A  Parrella A  Temussi F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(4):1005-1009

Olive oil mill wastewaters (OMWs) show significant polluting properties due to their content of organic substances, and because of their high toxicity toward several biological systems. Wastewaters' toxicity has been attributed to their phenolic constituents. A chemical study of wastewaters from a Ligurian oil mill characterized phenolic products such as 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (catechol), derivatives of benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, phenylethanol, and cinnamic acid. The OMWs were fractioned by ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis techniques and tested for toxicity on aquatic organisms from different trophic levels: the alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (formerly known as Selenastrum capricornutum); the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus; and two crustaceans, the cladoceran Daphnia magna and the anostracan Thamnocephalus platyurus. The fraction most toxic to the test organisms was that from reverse osmosis containing compounds of low molecular weight (<350 Da), and this was especially due to the presence of catechol and hydroxytyrosol, the most abundant components of the fraction.  相似文献