Extraction of Soil Organic Nitrogen by Organic Acids and Role in Mineralization of Nitrogen in Soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Shingo Matsumoto  Noriharu Ae  Toshikazu Matsumoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2005,51(3):425-430

The solubilization of organic nitrogen (Norg) in soil was examined by using organic acids often present in root exudates. The organic acids tested were classified into two groups depending on their solubilizing ability for Norg in a soil sample. Oxalate, malonate, tartarate, citrate and malate could dissolve Norg by increasing their concentrations, while succinate and glutarate could not dissolve Norg even when their concentrations were increased. The amount of organic N extracted with oxalate, malonate, tartarate, citrate and malate showed a strong correlation with the sum of the amounts of Al and Fe in the extracts. Therefore, it was assumed that the solubilizing ability may be attributed to the structure of these organic acids that can form stable chelate compounds with Al and Fe (oxalate, malonate, tartarate, citrate and malate). Furthermore, the amount of 20 mM cit-rate-extractable Norg (CEON), which was the highest among the organic acids tested, showed a strong correlation with both that of 67 mM phosphate buffer, which is now being widely used as an index for estimating soil N availability in Japan, and N mineralized using an incubation method in 46 soil samples belonging to different soil types. These results suggested that CEON might be an important constituent of mineralizable Norg in soil. Therefore, organic acids secreted by crops play a role in the solubilization of available Norg surrounding the crop rhizosphere.  相似文献   

Effect of administration of anti-bursal extract or perfusate serum on the antibody production in chickens     

T Baba  S Nishida  M Mitsui 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1983,6(4):333-338

Antisera to bursal extracts or perfusates were prepared and the influence of such sera on antibody production in chickens was investigated by the injection of antisera during the embryonic stage. Antisera to cyclophosphamide treated bursal extracts or bursal perfusates were injected on the 15th day of embryogenesis. The level of antibodies produced by chickens treated by these antisera was equal to the controls but IgG antibodies were totally absent. These results suggested that the administration of these antisera inhibited the differentiation of IgM antibody producing cells.  相似文献   

Expression patterns of the slit subfamily mRNA in canine malignant mammary tumors     

Tanno T  Tanaka Y  Sugiura T  Akiyoshi H  Takenaka S  Kuwamura M  Yamate J  Ohashi F  Kubo K  Tsuyama S 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(11):1173-1177

Slit, a secreted protein, functions as a chemorepellent factor in axon guidance and neuronal migration and as an inhibitor in leukocyte chemotaxis. In humans, slit2 protein attracts endothelial cells and promotes tube formation in the tumor angiogenic mechanism. In this study, we cloned a part of the canine slit subfamily and examined the expression of slit subfamily mRNAs in 3 normal canine mammary glands and 11 mammary tumor samples by RT-PCR. The cloned part of the slit gene sequences showed high similarity to those of the human, mouse, and rat. The mRNAs were expressed at low levels in the normal mammary gland. The expression levels of slit1 mRNA were low in both the normal and tumor tissues. In contrast, the expression of slit2 mRNA increased in most of the malignant mammary tumors, and an increase in slit3 mRNA expression was observed in 2 of the malignant mixed tumors. These results suggest that the expression of slit2 plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis in canine mammary gland tumors and that slit2 can be a putative marker for malignancy diagnosis of these tumors.  相似文献   

Role of p38 Mapk in Development of Acute Hepatic Injury in Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) Rats,an Animal Model of Human Wilson’s Disease     

Shingo KADOWAKI  Saori MEGURO  Yoshitaka IMAIZUMI  Hiroshi SAKAI  Daiji ENDOH  Masanobu HAYASHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2013,75(12):1551-1556

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis of Dandy-Walker-Like Syndrome in a Wire-Haired Miniature Dachshund     

Yui KOBATAKE  Takayoshi MIYABAYASHI  Naoko YADA  Shingo KACHI  George OHTA  Hiroki SAKAI  Sadatoshi MAEDA  Hiroaki KAMISHINA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2013,75(10):1379-1381

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House dust mite major allergen Der f 1 enhances proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression in a cell line of canine epidermal keratinocytes     

Shingo Maeda  Sadatoshi Maeda  Sanae Shibata  Naoki Chimura  Tsuneo Fukata 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(3-4):298-302

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Evaluation of the mineralizable organic nitrogen in soil using an immunological technique     

Shingo Matsumoto  Noriharu Ae  Yohichi Koyama  Katsumasa Iijima  Rumiko Kodashima  Mari Hirata  Junko Kasuga  Nobuhisa Koga 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2008,45(1):107-111

Phosphate buffer-extractable organic nitrogen (PEON), which can be extracted from soil with a 67-mM neutral phosphate buffer solution, is considered to be a major source of mineralizable nitrogen (N) that is ubiquitous in soil. We have developed a Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) method for determining PEON. First, anti-PEON antibody (IgG) from a rabbit was produced using purified PEON from a volcanic ash soil. PEON was detected as a ladder-like staining pattern in the high-molecular-weight region and as a single band under 14 kDa in Western blot analysis using the anti-PEON IgG. In the ELISA assay, the anti-PEON IgG could specifically react with PEON irrespective of soil type and management. Furthermore, the absorbance at 450 nm in ELISA was highly correlated to the concentration of organic N (N_org) in phosphate extracts of different soils. We propose the immune assay using the anti-PEON IgG as a possible novel method for evaluating available N in soil.  相似文献   

Impact of metritis on the generation of reactive oxygen species by circulating phagocytes and plasma lipopolysaccharide concentration in peripartum dairy cows          下载免费PDF全文

Fumie Magata  Ikumi Morino  Makoto Teramura  Ei Tsunoda  Chiho Kawashima  Shingo Haneda  Akio Miyamoto  Katsuya Kida  Takashi Shimizu 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(2):248-253

This study examined the relationship between postpartum metritis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) concentration in peripartum dairy cows. Blood was collected twice weekly from 2 weeks prepartum through 6 weeks postpartum. Whole blood chemiluminescence (WBCL) was measured using the luminol‐enhanced zymosan‐stimulated chemiluminescence assay. Cows were examined for uterine health disorders and classified into two groups, healthy (n = 11) and metritis (n = 5). Metritis had a significant effect on WBCL, with cows with metritis having a higher WBCL. Plasma LPS concentrations in cows with metritis were significantly higher than in healthy cows. To examine the effect of LPS on WBCL, blood was sampled in healthy peripartum cows (1 to 2 weeks prepartum, n = 8; 0 to 3 weeks postpartum, n = 11; and 4 to 8 weeks postpartum, n = 8) and incubated with LPS. At 1 endotoxin units/mL of LPS, similar to the plasma LPS concentration in cows with metritis, the WBCL increased in cows at 0 to 3 weeks postpartum. Results indicate that the increase in ROS generation and plasma LPS concentration are associated with metritis, and LPS may be responsible for enhanced ROS generation in early postpartum dairy cows.  相似文献   

Effects of the presence of grazing‐experienced heifers on the development of foraging behavior at the feeding station scale for first‐grazing season calves          下载免费PDF全文

Yuko Shingu  Koichiro Ueda  Shingo Tada  Tomohiro Mitani  Seiji Kondo 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(8):1120-1127

In this study, effects of grazing‐experienced heifer presence on foraging behavior development at the feeding station (FS) scale for first‐grazing season calves were determined. A group of four calves grazing alone (C), and another comprising four calves (Wc) and three grazing‐experienced heifers (Wh), were alternately stocked every day for 2 h on the same pasture for 26 days. The foraging time budget for Wc was significantly longer than that for C (P < 0.05) on day 7, and was similar to that for Wh on all days. Bite rate per FS was significantly higher for Wc (15.5 bite/min) than for C (13.2 bite/min) from day 1 to 14 (33.4 vs. 29.0 bite/min, respectively; P < 0.01) and significantly lower than that for Wh on all days. The number of steps taken between adjacent FSs by Wc (4.7) was significantly lower than that for C (7.2) on days 1 and 14 (2.1 vs. 2.9 steps, respectively; P < 0.01) and was similar to Wh on all days. This suggests that grazing‐experienced heifers have positive effects on the foraging behavior development of new‐season grazing calves through 14 days after the start of stocking.  相似文献   

Proliferation of equine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in gelatin/β-tricalcium phosphate sponges     

Seo JP  Tsuzuki N  Haneda S  Yamada K  Furuoka H  Tabata Y  Sasaki N 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(3):1481-1486

A three dimensional scaffold is essential in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) delivery in cell-based therapy for facilitating cell adherence, migration, proliferation, and differentiation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the possibility of β-tricalcium phosphate incorporated gelatin sponges (Gelatin/β-TCP sponge) as scaffolds for equine MSCs and to examine the effects of seeding density and seeding method on the proliferation of equine MSCs in the Gelatin/β-TCP sponges. Mononuclear cells and MSCs isolated from bone marrow were seeded into Gelatin/β-TCP sponges at different densities by different seeding methods-static or agitated methods. Proliferation of the MSCs in Gelatin/β-TCP was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and histological examination. Distribution and proliferation of MSCs in the Gelatin/β-TCP sponge were observed, and the Gelatin/β-TCP sponge supported limited growth when seeded at high density. We also found that the agitated seeding method enhanced the proliferation of MSCs. This study demonstrated the suitability of Gelatin/β-TCP sponges for the proliferation and maintenance of equine MSCs. These results contribute to the application of MSC-seeded Gelatin/β-TCP sponges in equine medicine.  相似文献