Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the nutritional quality of wheat variety,Yecora Rojo     

Jehangir K. Khalil  Wajih N. Sawaya  G. Hamdallah  J. Devi Prasad 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1987,36(4):279-293

The effects of N-fertilization on the nutritional quality of short-straw wheat variety, Yecora Rojo, was studied under sprinkler irrigation system. The fertilizers applied were the conventional N-fertilizer, urea (U) applied as single dose or in three split applications (U-S), and the slow release N-fertilizers, ureaform (UF) (38% N and 20 N), osmocote (OC) with 9 or 14 months longevity and sulphur-coated urea (SCU) with either 17% or 37% dissolution rates in 7 days. These fertilizers were applied at 0 (control), 75, 125, and 175 kg/ha during the 1982–1983 season. Results indicated that at 75 kg/ha there was no significant change in the protein content. At 125 kg/ha, the protein content increased (P<0.05) with urea (applied in three split applications) and OC. At 175 kg/ha, all the fertilizers increased the protein content with the exception of urea (applied as single dose) and UF. Ash content tended to decrease with increasing levels of N, while fat and crude fiber were unaffected. All the fertilizers increased the protein yield (kg/ha), the maximum increase occurring with the slow-release N fertilizers, OC and SCU. Except UF, all the fertilizers decreased the lysine content significantly (P<0.05) in the protein moeity at 175 kg/ha level but lysine percentage in the grain was not reduced. The yield (kg/ha) of individual amino acids including lysine was increased several times at the 175 kg/ha level. P content tended to decrease while Fe and Zn increased with fertilization. Slow-release N-fertilizers, OC and SCU as well as urea (in 3 split applications) appear to have a significant positive effect on the nutritional quality of the grains of wheat variety, Yecora Rojo.  相似文献   

A study of kernel oils of some cultivated cucurbits     

B. M. Lal  N. Datta  T. R. Madaan 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1983,32(1):83-85

Oil content of the seed-kernels of 15 species ofCucurbitaceae family has been estimated. It ranged from 37.9 to 56.5%. The iodine values of the oils were from 87.8 to 149.9. Most of these oils were nearly colourless, odourless and of good appearance. The oil-free kernel meals of different cucurbit species had protein content ranging from 60 to 70%.  相似文献   

Response of soybean cultivars toward inoculation with three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Bradyrhizobium japonicum in the alluvial soil     

Mukesh K. Meghvansi  K. Prasad  D. Harwani  S.K. Mahna 《European Journal of Soil Biology》2008,44(3):316-323

The aim of this study was to assess the comparative efficacy of three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) combined with cultivar specific Bradyrhizobium japonicum (CSBJ) in soybean under greenhouse conditions. Soybean seeds of four cultivars namely JS 335, JS 71-05, NRC 2 and NRC 7 were inoculated with three AM fungi (Glomus intraradices, Acaulospora tuberculata and Gigaspora gigantea) and CSBJ isolates, individually or in combination, and were grown in pots using autoclaved alluvial soil of a non-legume cultivated field of Ajmer (Rajasthan). Assessment of the data on nodulation, plant growth and seed yield revealed that amongst the single inoculations of three AMF, G. intraradices produced the largest increases in the parameters studied followed by A. tuberculata and G. gigantea indicating that plant acted selectively on AMF symbiosis. The dual inoculation with AMF + CSBJ further improved these parameters demonstrating synergism between the two microsymbionts. Among all the dual treatments, G. intraradices + B. japonicum brought about the largest increases in the studied characteristics particularly in seed weight per plant that increased up to 115.19%, which suggested that a strong selective synergistic relationship existed between AMF and B. japonicum. The cv. JS 335 exhibited maximum positive response towards inoculation. The variations in efficacy of different treatments with different soybean cultivars indicate the specificity of the inoculation response. These results provide a basis for selection of an appropriate combination of specific AMF and Bradyrhizobium which could further be utilized for verifying the symbiotic effectiveness and competitive ability of microsymbionts under field conditions of Ajmer region.  相似文献   

Assessment of indigenous Nepalese soybean as a potential germplasm resource for improvement of protein in North American cultivars     

Krishnan HB  Natarajan SS  Mahmoud AA  Bennett JO  Krishnan AH  Prasad BN 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(15):5489-5497

Soybeans contain approximately 40% protein and 20% oil and represents an important source of protein in animal rations and human diets. Attempts are being made to increase further the overall protein content of soybeans by utilization of exotic germplasms. In this study, soybean cultivars from Nepal have been characterized and their potential as a germplasm resource for improvement of the protein content and quality of North American cultivars assessed. Soybean cultivars 'Sathia', 'Seti', 'Kavre', and 'Soida Chiny', indigenous to various regions of Nepal, contained 42-45% protein, which is significantly higher in comparison to that of the North American cultivar 'Williams 82' (39%). Fractionation of seed protein by high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed differences in the protein profiles of these cultivars. Various isoelectric forms of glycinin and beta-conglycinin were identified by comparing the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass fingerprinting data against the National Center for Biotechnology Information nonredundant database. Nepalese cultivar Sathia was distinct, lacking some isoelectric forms of acidic and basic glycinin subunits while expressing other unique forms. The contribution of these unique protein spots present in either Sathia or Williams 82 to the total protein content was quantified using scanning laser densitometry. Distinct restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP) for group 1 glycinin genes were observed among the tested Nepalese genotypes, indicating sequence variation among the cultivars. Conversely, evaluation of RFLP for the genes encoding group 2 glycinins, beta-conglycinin, and Bowman-Birk proteinase inhibitors indicated a high degree of conservation in these genes. Determination of amino acid composition, a reflection of protein quality, indicated that the arginine content of the Nepalese soybeans ranged from 7.7 to 8.1%, which was 5-10% higher than the 7.4% expressed in Williams 82. Additionally, Karve and Seti contained significantly more cysteine than Williams 82. Nepalese high-protein soybeans having a desirable amino acid composition hold potential to increase the protein quality and diversity of North American cultivars.  相似文献   

A genome-wide association study identifies IL23R as an inflammatory bowel disease gene   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Duerr RH  Taylor KD  Brant SR  Rioux JD  Silverberg MS  Daly MJ  Steinhart AH  Abraham C  Regueiro M  Griffiths A  Dassopoulos T  Bitton A  Yang H  Targan S  Datta LW  Kistner EO  Schumm LP  Lee AT  Gregersen PK  Barmada MM  Rotter JI  Nicolae DL  Cho JH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,314(5804):1461-1463

The inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are common, chronic disorders that cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal bleeding. To identify genetic factors that might contribute to these disorders, we performed a genome-wide association study. We found a highly significant association between Crohn's disease and the IL23R gene on chromosome 1p31, which encodes a subunit of the receptor for the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-23. An uncommon coding variant (rs11209026, c.1142G>A, p.Arg381Gln) confers strong protection against Crohn's disease, and additional noncoding IL23R variants are independently associated. Replication studies confirmed IL23R associations in independent cohorts of patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. These results and previous studies on the proinflammatory role of IL-23 prioritize this signaling pathway as a therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease.  相似文献   

Improving fertilizer recommendations for Nepalese farmers with the help of soil-testing mobile van     

Sunil Pandey  Netra Prasad Bhatta  Prakash Paudel  Rajan Pariyar  Kiran Hari Maskey  Janardan Khadka 《Journal of Crop Improvement》2018,32(1):19-32

Smallholder farmers dominate agriculture in Nepal. These farmers have poor knowledge about agriculture and lack of support for soil management and integrated plant-nutrient systems. Focusing on the importance and need for soil-fertility management, a soil-testing mobile van program has recently been introduced in Nepal by Soil Management Directorate, Hariharbhawan. With the introduction of the mobile lab, famers can get their soil tested for nutrient deficiencies and fertilizer requirements at their doorsteps. Using mobile lab, spatial distributions of chemical properties, including pH, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (as P₂O₅), and available potassium (as K₂O) were examined in soil samples taken from the 0 to 15 cm depth from selected agricultural fields in eight different districts in the mid-hills and Terai regions of Nepal. Tests conducted on 1,479 soil samples in the soil-testing mobile van revealed the following: the mean soil OM ranged from 0.01 to 1.77%; total N content ranged from 0.01 to 0.08%; mean available P₂O₅ ranged from 16.47 to 197.82 kg ha^?1; and mean available K₂O ranged from 84.3 to 422.57 kg ha^?1. For each crop to be grown, farmers were provided with individual soil health reports and fertilizer recommendations (rate, amount, and type). This program not only allows scientists and farmers to work closely and share information but also serves as a model for the nation to successfully transfer technology for improving soil health and sustainability.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary Sargassum wightii and its fucoidan-rich extract on growth,immunity, disease resistance and antimicrobial peptide gene expression in Labeo rohita     

Gora  Adnan Hussain  Sahu  Narottam Prasad  Sahoo  Sujata  Rehman  Saima  Dar  Showkat Ahmad  Ahmad  Irshad  Agarwal  Deepak 《International Aquatic Research》2018,10(2):115-131

International Aquatic Research - This work aimed to appraise growth performance, immune responsiveness, bacterial disease resistance and mRNA expression of two antimicrobial peptides in Labeo...  相似文献   

Dietary ascorbic acid requirement for growth of striped catfish,Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878) juveniles          下载免费PDF全文

N. Daniel  A.P. Muralidhar  P.P. Srivastava  K.K. Jain  K. Pani Prasad  J. Manish  T. Sivaramakrishnan 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2018,24(1):616-624

A sixty‐day feeding trial was conducted to determine the ascorbic acid (AA) requirement for growth of striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus juveniles. Seven iso‐nitrogenous and iso‐energetic (370 g protein per kg and 19.6 MJ/kg) purified diets were prepared with different levels of ascorbic acid such as control (0), T₁ (17.5), T₂ (35), T₃ (70), T₄ (175), T₅ (350) and T₆ (700) mg ascorbic acid (L‐ascorbyl‐2‐polyphosphate) equivalent per kg diet. Fish with a mean body weight of 3.2–3.4 g were stocked (fifteen fish per tank) in triplicates following a completely randomized design. Each group was fed to satiation twice a day for 60 days. Significant differences were observed in growth, survival, body composition and metabolic enzymes activities with different dietary ascorbic acid levels. Maximum weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were found in fishes fed with 35 mg AA per kg diet, supported by best feed conversion. Fish fed a diet containing vitamin C had the highest activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) compared to those fed with vitamin C‐depleted diets. In this study, based on using broken‐line regression analysis, the dietary vitamin C requirement for growth of P. hypophthalmus juveniles was estimated to be in the range of 46–76 mg AA per kg, depending on the criterion used, growth and liver storage. Our results will be helpful for the formulation of cost‐effective ascorbic acid incorporated diets for striped catfish, P. hypophthalmus.  相似文献   

Retrieval of rice crop growth variables using multi-temporal RISAT-1 remotely sensed data     

P. Kumara  R. Prasad  D. K. Gupta  A. K. Vishwakarma  A. Choudhary 《Russian Agricultural Sciences》2017,43(6):461-465

Microwave remote sensing sensors have great potential due to their capability to operate in any weather condition for the wide range of agricultural applications. The rice crop variables such as leaf area index (LAI) and plant height (PH) were retrieved for the monitoring of crop growth to improve crop production. The interaction of rice crop variables with medium spatial resolution (25 m) Radar Imaging Satellite-1 (RISAT-1) data for Varanasi district, India, was examined. The multi-temporal dual polarization (HH- and HV-) images having frequency 5.35 GHz at C-band were investigated. Crop growth profile derived from the analysis of temporal backscattering (July–October, 2013) showed 3–4 dB difference throughout its growth cycle. The rice crop variables were retrieved by the inversion of polynomial models and showed higher values of coefficient of determination (R²) for HH-polarization in comparison to HV-polarization.  相似文献   

Development of an in vitro oviduct epithelial explants model for studying sperm–oviduct binding in the buffalo          下载免费PDF全文

KK Saraf  A Kumaresan  S Nayak  S Chhillar  L Sreela  S Kumar  UK Tripathi  TK Datta  TK Mohanty 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(4):687-691

In this study, we developed an in vitro model for studying sperm–oviduct binding in the buffalo. Oviduct explants were prepared by overnight culture of epithelial cells in TCM‐199 medium under 5% CO₂ at 38.5 °C. Cryopreserved spermatozoa from buffalo bulls (n = 4) were incubated with the oviduct explants, and the sperm–oviduct explants complex was stained with JC‐1. The effect of sperm concentration (2, 3 and 4 million), size of the oviduct explants (<0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.4 and >0.4 mm²) and time of incubation (1 hr and 4 hr) on binding index (BI—number of sperm bound to unit area of explants) was studied. No significant difference was observed in the BI among <0.2, 0.2–0.3 and 0.3–0.4 mm² size of explants; however, the BI decreased significantly (p < .05) when the size of explants exceeded 0.4 mm². The BI decreased significantly (p < .05) when the sperm concentration was increased to 4 million, while the duration of incubation did not have any significant effect on the BI. The interaction of bulls with explants size, sperm concentration and incubation time was not significant. The developed assay has the potential to be used as an in vitro model for studying sperm–oviduct binding in the buffalo.  相似文献