Attaching and effacing E coli in rabbits     

Dannatt L  Gunning R  Higgins R 《The Veterinary record》2000,147(18):524

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Clinical and pathologic features of oligodendrogliomas in two cats     

Dickinson PJ  Keel MK  Higgins RJ  Koblik PD  LeCouteur RA  Naydan DK  Bollen AW  Vernau W 《Veterinary pathology》2000,37(2):160-167

Two oligodendrogliomas in two domestic cats involved mainly the rostral brain stem, midbrain, fourth ventricle, and cerebellum. Both cats were aged neutered males presenting with clinical neurologic deficits suggestive of a brain stem lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging of both tumors demonstrated lesions with a pattern of heterogeneous contrast enhancement and multifocal lesions in one cat. Routine cerebrospinal fluid analysis was normal in one cat and suggestive of an inflammatory disease in the other. Oligodendroglioma cells were seen in cytospin preparations of cerebrospinal fluid from both cats. In each cat, the tumors occurred intraventricularly in the midbrain and fourth ventricle with aggressive intraparenchymal infiltration. There was extensive growth into the basilar subarachnoid space of the midbrain and brain stem in one cat. One tumor was well differentiated, and the other was an anaplastic subtype. Immunostaining for several myelin- and oligodendroglia-specific antigens was negative with formalin-fixed tumors and with unfixed frozen samples from one cat. In both tumors, component cells of the intratumoral vascular proliferations were positive for human von Willebrand factor VIII antigen or smooth muscle actin. Immunocytochemical reactivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein identified both reactive astrocytes and a subpopulation of minigemistocytes in both tumors. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells were unremarkable except for their prominent desmosomal junctions and paucity of microtubules.  相似文献   

Expression of receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR-1 (FLT-1), VEGFR-2 (KDR), EGFR-1, PDGFRa and c-Met in canine primary brain tumours   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

P. J. Dickinson  B. N. Roberts  R. J. Higgins  C. M. Leutenegger  A. W. Bollen  P. H. Kass  R. A. LeCouteur 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2006,4(3):132-140

Inhibition of tumour growth and angiogenesis by targeting key growth factor receptors is a promising therapeutic strategy for central nervous system tumours. Characterization of these growth factor receptors in canine primary brain tumours has not been done. Using quantitative real‐time TaqMan polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we evaluated the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for five tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor [VEGFR]‐1, VEGFR‐2, endothelial growth factor receptor [EGFR]‐1, platelet‐derived growth factor receptor a [PDGFRa], and c‐Met) relative to normal cerebral cortex in 66 spontaneous canine primary brain tumours. Increased expression of VEGFR‐1 and VEGFR‐2 mRNA was greatest in grade IV astrocytomas (glioblastoma multiforme) and grade III (anaplastic) oligodendrogliomas. EGFR‐1 mRNA expression was more consistently increased than the other receptors in all tumour types, while increased PDGFRa mRNA expression was mostly restricted to oligodendrogliomas. The similarities in increased expression of these tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors in these canine tumours, as compared to data from their human counterparts, suggest that common molecular mechanisms may be present.  相似文献   

Pasteurella multocida isolation in a horse with retropharyngeal infection     

Hlne Amory DVM  PhD  Dip. ECEIM  Daniel Jean DMV  MSc  PhD  Dip. ACVIM  R. Leveille DVM  Dip. ACVR  Robert Higgins DVM  MSc  DSc  Andr Vrins DVM 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2006,26(8):364-369

Retropharyngeal infections in horses normally induce local painful swelling of the retropharyngeal area, which may lead to dyspnea, dysphagia, and systemic manifestations. Differential diagnosis of local painful swelling of the retropharyngeal area includes retropharyngeal lymph node infection, neoplasm, cellulitis, hematoma, guttural pouch empyema, parotiditis, and jugular thrombosis. Apart from Streptococcus equi ssp. equi, other bacteria are rarely reported as a cause of retropharyngeal abscesses. The reason for this might be a lack of specific sampling to identify the causative agent. This work deals with a case of retropharyngeal infection in an 11-year-old Standardbred stallion with acute depression, fever, tachycardia, asymmetric painful swelling in the throat area, ptyalism, and respiratory distress. Endoscopy, radiography, ultrasonography, blood analysis, and cytological examination of a puncture sample taken from the throat mass were consistent with a pyogenic to pyogranulomatous retropharyngeal inflammation. The clinical evolution was initially satisfactory in response to treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics, but clinical signs relapsed twice, each time a few weeks after cessation of antibiotic therapy. The bacteriologic finding in this case was unusual and consisted of the isolation of a Pasteurella multocida strain that was obtained after the second relapse (ie, 79 days after initial admission), using a brain heart infusion (BHI) medium, and after two successive negative bacteriological cultures performed on day one of clinical signs and at the first relapse of clinical signs, respectively.  相似文献   

Amanita muscaria toxicosis in two dogs     

John H. Rossmeisl  Jr.  DVM  MS  DACVIM      Michael A. Higgins  DVM    Dennis J. Blodgett  DVM  PhD  DABVT    Matthew Ellis  DVM    Delbert E. Jones  MS 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2006,16(3):208-214

Objective: To report the manifestations, history, and pathophysiologic basis of disease in 2 dogs with Amanita muscaria toxicosis. Case summaries: Two dogs were evaluated for an acute onset of gastroenteritis and seizures. A. muscaria toxicosis was suspected in each dog after confirmation of environmental exposure and visualization of ingested mushrooms in vomitus. The diagnosis was confirmed following identification of toxic Amanita metabolites in the urine and serum of each dog. Administration of supportive and symptomatic therapies resulted in the complete recovery of each animal. Unique information provided: Ingestion of the mushroom, A. muscaria, by dogs can result in acute gastrointestinal distress that precedes a potentially life‐threatening central neurologic syndrome characterized by seizures, tremors, and somnolence. Central nervous system dysfunction results primarily from the actions of ibotenic acid and its decarboxylation product, muscimol, which are analogues of the neurotransmitters glutamate and γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), respectively. Identification of these toxins in the urine and serum of affected dogs using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) provides a definitive diagnosis.  相似文献   

Neospora caninum encephalomyelitis in a British dog   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

J P Dubey  R J Higgins  J H Smith  T D O'Toole 《The Veterinary record》1990,126(8):193-194

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A comparative study of complement activation     

D A Higgins  D J Langley 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1985,9(1):37-51

Antisera to sheep erythrocytes (E) were raised in cattle, rabbits, mice, hamsters, guinea-pigs, ferrets, badgers, hedgehogs and fowls. Cross activation of total haemolytic complement (THCA) examined all combinations of sensitized sheep E and normal sera (including human); kinetic assays examined the lysis of E sensitized with rabbit antibodies. From the same species, all combinations of normal serum and xenogeneic E were used to measure total alternative pathway activity (TAPA); TAPA was also activated by rabbit and sheep E in titrations and in agarose gels, and examined kinetically against rabbit E. Ox, rabbit and fowl sera were low in THCA, guinea-pig complement was universally active, while human complement showed marked selectivity; ferret, badger and hedgehog sera were activated to high titres but probably via the alternative pathway. In studies of TAPA an inverse relationship existed between serum complement activities and the activating abilities of E from the same species. The most efficient activators of alternative pathway were E from rabbits and laboratory rodents, while the sera with broadest response were badger, ferret and fowl. Kinetic studies of TAPA showed that initiation of lysis and subsequent completion of lysis could occur with different efficiencies, suggesting these events reflected separate events in complement activation.  相似文献   

Recruitment and early growth of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) regeneration after partial cutting and site preparation     

Burgess  Darwin; Wetzel  Suzanne 《Forestry》2002,75(4):419-423

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Creep in chipboard     

J. M. Dinwoodie  B. H. Paxton  Jo-Anne Higgins  D. J. Robson 《Wood Science and Technology》1991,26(1):39-51

Summary Ten samples from each of ten brands of commercial chipboard, covering a range of UF, MUF and PF resins, were stressed over a 5-year period at 30% of their short term ultimate bending strength, under protected external conditions. No relationship could be established for the term of the experiment between fluctuations in creep deflection and changes in environmental conditions. Exceptionally, for two short periods of time, relationships were established and these were in line with current views on mechano-sorptive behaviour. Differences in relative creep between the ten brands were significantly greater than those occurring between samples of any one brand. Although there were significant differences in relative creep among the six brands of MUF bonded boards, the relative creep of all these boards was significantly lower than those brands made with UF and high-alkaline cured PF resins. While most of the MUF bonded samples survived the duration of the experiment, all UF and PF samples failed before the end of the 5-year period. For the first 6 months of the experiment, the mean relative creep under protected external conditions was equal to, or slightly less than, that obtained in matched samples tested under a constant environment of 20°C 90% rh.  相似文献   

Zoonotic Helminths of Urban Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in the UK: Neglected Public Health Considerations?          下载免费PDF全文

J. W. McGarry  A. Higgins  N. G. White  K. C. Pounder  U. Hetzel 《Zoonoses and public health》2015,62(1):44-52

Urban brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) carry microbial human pathogens but their role as reservoir hosts for helminths of public health importance is less well known. In this study, 42 brown rats trapped on Merseyside were subject to thorough combined helminthological and pathohistological post‐mortem examination. Eggs of the rodent‐borne zoonotic nematode Calodium hepaticum were initially detected in histological sections of the livers of 9.5% of rats, but overall diagnostic sensitivity increased to 16.6% when entire liver tissue was disrupted and the resulting filtrates were examined for released eggs. In their rat host, mainly trapped inside the dockland, infections with C. hepaticum were associated with a chronic multifocal pyogranulomatous hepatitis with intralesional eggs and peripheral fibrosis. Mean intensity of hepatic C. hepaticum egg infections was 1041 eggs. This is the first report of C. hepaticum in an urban brown rat population in the UK and provides original data for liver egg burdens in this abundant commensal rodent. The zoonotic cestode Rodentolepis nana had a prevalence of infection of 14.3%. Rodent‐specific, non‐zoonotic helminths found were the spiruroid Mastophorus muris (16.0%) in the stomach, the trichuroid Trichosomoides crassicauda in the urinary bladder (31.0%); the ascarid Heterakis spumosa was the commonest helminth of the large intestine (76.2%). Many millions of brown rats inhabit cities and rural areas of the UK, and the infective stages of the zoonotic worm species, particularly C. hepaticum, are likely to be widely distributed in the environment presenting a threat to public health.  相似文献