Analysing the growth of turbot (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Psetta maxima</Emphasis>) in a commercial recirculation system with the use of three different growth models     

A. Baer  C. Schulz  I. Traulsen  J. Krieter 《Aquaculture International》2011,19(3):497-511

The growth data of a commercial aquaculture recirculation system were analysed to investigate the growth performance of reared turbot (Psetta maxima). Three common growth models (von Bertalanffy, Gompertz and Schnute) were fitted to the growth data documented over a time period of 6 years. To determine the most suitable model, three different criteria were used: (1) the Akaike index criterion, (2) the sum of squared residuals and (3) the average daily deviation between the estimated final weight and the observed final weight. The evaluation of the growth models showed that the Schnute model had the lowest Akaike index, the lowest sum of squared residuals and the lowest daily deviation between estimated and real weight of all tested growth models. The Schnute model produced sigmoid growth curves. The estimated growth coefficients were the most realistic ones in regard to biological interpretation. In contrast, the von Bertalanffy growth model and the Gompertz model estimated inaccurate exponential growth curves and are therefore unable to simulate the growth data as well as the Schnute model. The results indicate that the von Bertalanffy growth model is not the optimal model to simulate the present growth data and that the growth potential of reared turbot has probably not yet been fully exploited in the aquaculture system(s) examined (so far).  相似文献   

Comparison of early life history stages of the bay scallop, Argopecten irradians: Effects of microalgal diets on growth and biochemical composition     

Lisa M. Milke  V. Monica Bricelj  Christopher C. Parrish 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,260(1-4):272-289

The culture of bay scallops, Argopecten irradians, is limited by a reliable and affordable supply of spat and the ability to ensure that animals attain market size within a single growing season. The main goals of our study were thus: (1) to develop growth-optimizing algal diets for implementation in hatcheries, and (2) to identify and compare bay scallop postlarval and juvenile dietary requirements, especially of lipids and fatty acids, which if met may enhance production. Nutritional needs of postlarval bay scallops (present study) are compared with those of sea scallops, Placopecten magellanicus, offered the same diets in a previous companion study. To this end, postlarval (initial shell height, SH = 240 μm) and juvenile (initial SH = 10 mm) bay scallops were offered 6–7 microalgal diet combinations at 20 °C, for 3 weeks. A similar growth ranking among diets was observed between the two developmental stages. A combination diet of Pavlova sp. (CCMP 459) and Chaetoceros muelleri was far superior to any other diet tested, yielding growth rates of 58 and 357 μm day^− 1 which were 65% and 25% higher than the next highest performing diet of Tetraselmis striata/C. muelleri in postlarvae and juveniles, respectively. The T. striata/C. muelleri diet, which is limited in the n-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), yielded very poor growth of sea scallop postlarvae in a prior study, indicating that bay scallops may have less stringent requirements for DHA than sea scallops. The Pav 459/C. muelleri diet, which also supported the highest growth of sea scallop postlarvae, is characterized by elevated levels of the n-6 fatty acids, arachidonic (AA) in C. muelleri and 4,7,10,13,16-docosapentaenoic (DPA) in Pav 459. The two diets deficient in AA and n-6 DPA, Pavlova lutheri/Thalassiosira weissflogii and P. lutheri/Fragilaria familica, yielded the lowest growth rates in both bay scallop postlarvae and juveniles. Tissue enrichment of these two fatty acids relative to the diet, as well as overall enrichment in ∑n-6 fatty acids was observed across developmental stages and dietary treatments. A similar pattern has previously been observed in sea scallop postlarvae, suggesting a dietary requirement for n-6 fatty acids in pectinids that has often been overlooked in the past.  相似文献   

Cannibalism among <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lithodes santolla</Emphasis> (Molina 1782) juveniles: effect of stocking density,stage and molt condition     

M. Paula Sotelano  Gustavo A. Lovrich  Federico Tapella 《Aquaculture International》2016,24(4):1025-1037

Losses of king crabs (deaths) in massive rearing conditions are frequently attributed to cannibalism. As several factors could influence cannibalism intensity during culture, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of molt condition, stage and density on cannibalism among Lithodes santolla juveniles. Comparisons between intermolt and molt conditions and between C1 and C2 stages during intermolt were performed at three densities (6, 12 and 18 individuals per flask; that is equivalent to 236, 472 and 708 individuals m^?2). After 16 days of juvenile coexistence, cannibalism (injured + dead) was higher during molting (33.9 ± 4.5 %) than intermolt (21.7 ± 3.9 %), even though only 36 % of crabs had molted. Although cannibalism was similar in C1 and C2 stages, the proportion of dead animals was higher by a factor of three in C1 stage, probably due to the fact that animals reach the first juvenile stage with low energetic reserves, after the lecithotrophic larval development. Density was the main factor influencing cannibalism in our experiments. Higher densities promoted higher deaths, while agonistic interactions evidenced by injured crabs remained constant. Walking appendages were lost more often than chelipeds during first agonistic encounters. We recommend the use of intermediate densities (450 crabs m^?2 at most), the early detection of exuviae and the sorting of crabs after molting, for L. santolla rearing.  相似文献   

Comparative pathogenicity study of ten different betanodavirus strains in experimentally infected European sea bass,Dicentrarchus labrax (L.)     

N Vendramin  A Toffan  M Mancin  E Cappellozza  V Panzarin  G Bovo  G Cattoli  I Capua  C Terregino 《Journal of fish diseases》2014,37(4):371-383

Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), otherwise known as viral nervous necrosis (VNN), is a severe pathological condition caused by RNA viruses belonging to the Nodaviridae family, genus Betanodavirus. The disease, described in more than 50 fish species worldwide, is considered as the most serious viral threat affecting marine farmed species in the Mediterranean region, thus representing one of the bottlenecks for further development of the aquaculture industry. To date, four different genotypes have been identified, namely red‐spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV), striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV), tiger puffer nervous necrosis virus and barfin flounder nervous necrosis virus, with the RGNNV genotype appearing as the most widespread in the Mediterranean region, although SJNNV‐type strains and reassortant viruses have also been reported. The existence of these genetically different strains could be the reason for the differences in mortality observed in the field. However, very little experimental data are available on the pathogenicity of these viruses in farmed fish. Therefore, in this study, the pathogenicity of 10 isolates has been assessed with an in vivo trial. The investigation was conducted using the European sea bass, the first target fish species for the disease in the Mediterranean basin. Naive fish were challenged by immersion and clinical signs and mortality were recorded for 68 days; furthermore, samples collected at selected time points were analysed to evaluate the development of the infection. Finally, survivors were weighed to estimate the growth reduction. The statistically supported results obtained in this study demonstrated different pathogenicity patterns, underlined the potential risk represented by different strains in the transmission of the infection to highly susceptible species and highlighted the indirect damage caused by a clinical outbreak of VER/VNN.  相似文献   

Inhibition of hirame rhabdovirus growth by RNA aptamers     

S D Hwang  N Midorikawa  P Punnarak  Y Kikuchi  H Kondo  I Hirono  T Aoki 《Journal of fish diseases》2012,35(12):927-934

RNA aptamers are artificial nucleic acids that specifically bind to a wide variety of targets. They are an effective tool for pharmaceutical research and development of antiviral agents. Here, we describe four Hirame rhabdovirus (HIRRV)‐RNA aptamers (H1, H2, H3 and H4) that we obtained from an in vitro process called the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX). The HIRRV‐RNA aptamers specifically bind to HIRRV. Hirame natural embryo (HINAE) cells treated with virus and the RNA aptamer showed a decrease in appearance of cytopathic effect when compared with control (treated only with virus). Rhodovulum sulfidophilum was transformed with genes for the RNA aptamers, and the aptamers were detected in the culture medium, indicating that they were secreted from the cells. Thus, the recombinant R. sulfidophilum might be a powerful tool for the prevention of HIRRV in aquaculture.  相似文献   

Effects of 17/0 circle hooks and bait on fish catches in a Southern Atlantic swordfish longline fishery          下载免费PDF全文

Sérgio Amorim  Miguel N. Santos  Rui Coelho  Joana Fernandez‐Carvalho 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2015,25(4):518-533

Thirty years of change and the future of Alaskan fisheries: Shifts in fishing participation and diversification in response to environmental,regulatory and economic pressures     

Anne H. Beaudreau  Eric J. Ward  Richard E. Brenner  Andrew O. Shelton  Jordan T. Watson  Jennifer C. Womack  Sean C. Anderson  Alan C. Haynie  Kristin N. Marshall  Benjamin C. Williams 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(4):601-619

Heterogeneity in human responses and decision‐making can contribute to the resilience of social–ecological systems in the face of environmental, political and economic pressures. In fishery systems worldwide, the ability of harvesters to maintain a diverse portfolio of fishing strategies is important for building adaptive capacity. We used a case‐study approach to examine the complexity of factors that inhibit or promote diversification in fisheries of Alaska, one of the major fishing regions of the world. Through a combination of harvest records and literature review, we explored shifts in participation and portfolio diversity in Alaskan fisheries over three decades. The four case‐studies examined the responses of fishers, fleets and communities to multiple, intersecting pressures, including biological declines, market and price dynamics, fishery privatization and the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill. These cases illustrate how stressors acting at multiple scales can encourage or constrain opportunities for diversification, and that these opportunities may be spread inequitably across participants. Overall, we found evidence for reduced participation and increasing specialization in Alaskan commercial fisheries. While numerous factors explain these trends, policies like individual quota systems and the increasing cost of entry into fisheries are forcing consolidation at local to regional scales. A portfolio approach to managing fisheries that reduces barriers to diversification and includes broad representation of resource users and communities in management may help to maintain opportunity and choice for fishers.  相似文献   

Reconciling poverty alleviation with reduction in fisheries capacity: boat aid in post-tsunami Aceh, Indonesia     

A. TEWFIK  & N. L. ANDREW  C. BENE  L. GARCES 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2008,15(2):147-158

Abstract  The tremendous loss of life and assets resulting from the 2004 tsunami dealt a devastating blow to the coastal communities of Aceh Province, Indonesia. An assessment of the fishing fleet structure pre- and post-tsunami, including associated pattern in boat aid, in 15 coastal communities was conducted and compared with data on boat relief efforts over 17 districts of the Province. Aid was found to be not proportionally allocated to losses incurred by communities and was in many cases below what could be seen as a trend toward overcapacity. The distribution of aid appeared to be done without consideration of the former structure of the fleet, which changed significantly over time (pre- and post-tsunami), and resulted in a new fleet of reduced diversity with a strong focus on the smaller boat categories. If this situation perpetuates after the initial post-disaster period, it may further exacerbate the pre-existing economic and geographic marginalisation of some remote communities, and reduce the capacities of the fleets to diversify and develop multi-species harvesting strategies; thus, increasing the risk of ecologically unsustainable exploitation in near shore areas.  相似文献   

Shell marking by artificial feeding of the tropical abalone Haliotis asinina Linne juveniles for sea ranching and stock enhancement     

Wenresti G Gallardo  Myrna N Bautista-Teruel  Armando C Fermin  & Clarissa L Marte 《Aquaculture Research》2003,34(10):839-842

A method of marking abalone (Haliotis asinina Linne) for sea ranching and stock enhancement purposes was developed. Three‐month‐old abalone juveniles (11.8‐mm shell length, 0.28 g) were fed artificial diets for 1, 2, or 3 weeks. The width of the bluish‐green shell band produced by abalone juveniles was 1.7, 2.6, and 4.2 mm after 1, 2, or 3 weeks of feeding respectively. The growth and survival of juveniles fed artificial diets did not differ from that of juveniles fed the seaweed Gracilariopsis bailinae (control). Feeding the diet‐fed juveniles with the seaweed thereafter produced the natural brownish shell, thus forming a sandwiched bluish‐green band. An experimental release in outdoor tanks with natural growth of seaweeds and diatoms, and in a marine reserve showed that the shell band remained clear and distinct, indicating the usefulness of this shell marking method in sea ranching and stock enhancement of abalone.  相似文献   

齐口裂腹鱼鳃丝细胞系的建立、鉴定及免疫研究     

巩志宏  王娜  刘娟娟  胡国斌  陈松林 《中国水产科学》2022,29(10):1407-1416

齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti)是长江上游水域的珍稀鱼类, 近年来由于环境变化和疾病爆发野外齐口裂腹鱼数量急剧减少, 现已被列入长江上游二级急切保护的特有鱼类, 因此, 对齐口裂腹鱼的保护刻不容缓。建立齐口裂腹鱼细胞系是保护其种质资源的有效手段, 也可以在不伤害现有鱼群的条件下进行多种齐口裂腹鱼相关生物学研究。本研究建立了首个来源于齐口裂腹鱼的细胞系, SPG 细胞系。原代细胞分离自齐口裂腹鱼鳃丝组织, 呈均一的上皮状, 使用含 15%血清的 L-15 培养, 在 15 个月时间里成功传至 55 代。线粒体 COI 基因鉴定, 证明该细胞来源于齐口裂腹鱼, 核型检测细胞染色体数目为 2n=96。在液氮中保存 12 个月的细胞, 复苏后能保持 75%以上活力。EGFP-N3 质粒转染 SPG 细胞后观察到明显的绿色荧光蛋白表达。病毒类似物 poly(I:C)和大肠杆菌脂多糖 LPS 可引起细胞 IL-1β、IL-8、TNFa 和 TLR22 等免疫相关基因表达量升高。表明本研究建立的齐口裂腹鱼鳃丝细胞系可用于免疫学研究。此外, 此细胞系还将在种质保存, 外源蛋白表达和齐口裂腹鱼体外生物学研究中发挥重要作用。  相似文献