Caractérisation des souches de Pyrenophora teres et Pyrenophora graminea par analyse des protéines     

M. Youcef Benkada  G. Barrault  B. Lotmani  A. Fellahi  L. Albertini 《EPPO Bulletin》1999,29(1-2):197-201

L'analyse des protéines mycéliennes par électrophorèse sur gel de polyacrylamide en conditions dénaturantes montre que les protéines solubles ne permettent pas de distinguer les différentes souches de Pyrenophora. En revanche, les bandes polypeptidiques spécifiques observées à travers l'étude des protéines pariétales ont permis non seulement de discriminer Pyrenophora teres f. teres de Pyrenophora teres f. maculata , mais également Pyrenophora teres de P. graminea. Enfin l'étude des profils isoenzymatiques fournit également des marqueurs biochimiques très intéressants. Les α-estérases permettent de différencier les souches appartenant à la forme maculata. Les β-estérases et les phosphoglucoisomérases offrent la possibilité d'une distinction interspécifique entre P. teres et P. graminea.  相似文献   

Susceptibility of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) Brazilian populations to ryanodine receptor modulators          下载免费PDF全文

Mateus R Campos  Tadeu BM Silva  Wellington M Silva  Jefferson E Silva  Herbert AA Siqueira 《Pest management science》2015,71(4):537-544

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Two Methods of Vitrification Followed by In Vitro Culture of the Ovine Ovary: Evaluation of the Follicular Development and Ovarian Extracellular Matrix          下载免费PDF全文

FT Bandeira  AA Carvalho  SV Castro  LF Lima  DA Viana  JSAM Evangelista  MJS Pereira  CC Campello  JR Figueiredo  APR Rodrigues 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2015,50(2):177-185

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of two vitrification techniques on the extra cellular matrix (ECM) and ovarian follicular development. The ovarian cortex was fragmented (9 mm³) and divided into six groups, viz. fresh control, cultured control, vitrified by the Ovarian Tissue Cryosystem (OTC) method, conventional solid surface vitrification (SSV) method, OTC/cultured and SSV/cultured. Follicles from all the fragments were analysed for morphology, development and viability. The ECM was evaluated based on the condition of collagen and reticular fibres and the immunolocalization of type I collagen and fibronectin. After 7 days of culture, the tissue vitrified by OTC revealed a higher percentage (p < 0.05) of morphologically normal (30.66%) and viable (60.00%) follicles when compared with those vitrified using the SSV technique (21.33% and 23.00%). In all the fragments cultured, regardless of the vitrification method, a significantly higher percentage of developing follicles was observed when compared with the non‐cultured tissue. Analysis of the type I collagen showed increased immunostaining after the in vitro culture in the vitrified fragments. In conclusion, the OTC is better for preserving the follicular viability and morphology and maintaining the integrity of the extracellular matrix components of the ovine ovary.  相似文献   

Inheritance of Partial Resistance to Net Blotch in Barley   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M. I. Arabi    A. Sarrafi    G. Barrault  L. Albertini 《Plant Breeding》1990,105(2):150-155

Reciprocal crosses were made between 9 different barley genotypes with high genetic variability for net blotch resistance. Parents and 72 F₁ plants were used to determine the inheritance of partial resistance to net blotch. Four experiments, one in a growth chamber on seedlings and 3 others in the field on adult plants, were undertaken using a randomised complete block design. An isolate of net blotch from local cultivars was used for inoculation. Non-inoculated plants of one of the field experiments were used for the detached leaf test in petri dishes. Results show that the cultivars ‘Banteng’, and ‘Arrivate’, the Ethiopian line CI 5791, and the Syrian line 79 SIO-10, had a high partial resistance in all experiments. Diallel analysis showed high significant general and specific combining ability when maternal and reciprocal effects were not significant. As the resistance genotypes have a high additive genetic effect, they could be successfully used for breeding purposes.  相似文献   

Intravenous Infusion of Nitric Oxide in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension: Biotransformation and Haemodynamics     

Pirrone  F.  Albertini  M.  Mazzola  S.  Pastore  C.  Clement  M. G.  Benfatto  M. C.  Aldini  G.  Carini  M. 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(1):185-187

Veterinary Research Communications - Pirrone, F., Albertini, M., Mazzola, S., Pastore, C., Clement, M.G., Benfatto, M.C., Aldini, G. and Carini, M., 2007. Intravenous infusion of nitric oxide in...  相似文献   

Detection and isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from fresh semen of naturally infected dogs in Southern Brazil          下载免费PDF全文

MO Koch  RR Weiss  AA Cruz  VT Soccol  KA Gonçalves  MAF Bertol  OC Beltrame  RL Dittrich 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(4):550-554

The aim of this study was to isolate Toxoplasma gondii and determine the viability of the parasite in fresh semen samples of clinically healthy adult dogs naturally infected. Eleven seropositive dogs with T. gondii IgG antibodies from southern Brazil were selected to confirm the presence and viability of T. gondii in fresh semen samples using in vitro isolation in Vero cell culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing analysis. The presence of viable T. gondii was confirmed by in vitro isolation and PCR in five semen samples. The ITS1 region of the isolated protozoa (TG S4) was amplified and sequenced. The nucleotide sequence obtained was 99% compatible with the T. gondii DNA sequences stored in the GenBank. It has been shown that T. gondii tachyzoites may be isolated in vitro from fresh semen samples of clinically healthy dogs seropositive for T. gondii.  相似文献   

Changes in the Expression of the Prolactin Receptor (PRLR) Gene in Different Physiological Stages in the Mammary Gland of the Iranian Adani Goat          下载免费PDF全文

S Morammazi  AA Masoudi  R Vaez Torshizi  A Pakdel 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(4):585-590

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Invited review: Amino acid bioavailability and digestibility in pig feed ingredients: terminology and application     

Stein HH  Sève B  Fuller MF  Moughan PJ  de Lange CF;Committee on Terminology to Report AA Bioavailability  Digestibility 《Journal of animal science》2007,85(1):172-180

In this review, the terminology that is used to describe the bioavailability and ileal digestibility of AA in pig feed ingredients is defined. Aspects of the methodology to establish bioavailability and ileal digestibility values also are discussed, and recommendations about the use of these values are provided. Two main factors can contribute to differences between bioavailability and ileal digestibility of AA. First, some AA, such as Lys, may be absorbed in chemical complexes that preclude their use for metabolism. Second, fermentation in the upper gut may result in a net loss or gain of AA to the animal. In addition, dietary effects on the efficiency of using bioavailable AA intake for tissue growth or milk production should be considered and may be attributed to endogenous AA losses in the hindgut and the metabolic costs associated with endogenous gut protein synthesis and losses. Ileal digestibility values may be expressed as apparent ileal digestibility (AID), standardized ileal digestibility (SID), or true ileal digestibility (TID). These terms are used to specify how ileal endogenous AA losses are reflected in digestibility values. Ileal endogenous AA losses may be separated into basal losses, which are not influenced by feed ingredient composition, and specific losses, which are induced by feed ingredient characteristics such as levels and types of fiber and antinutritional factors. Values for AID are established when total ileal outflow of AA (i.e., the sum of endogenous losses and nondigested dietary AA) is related to dietary AA intake. A concern with the use of AID values is that these are not additive in mixtures of feed ingredients. This concern may be overcome by correcting AID values for defined basal endogenous losses of AA, which yields SID values. Furthermore, if the AID values are corrected for basal and specific endogenous losses, then values for TID are calculated. However, reliable procedures to routinely measure specific endogenous losses are not yet available. It is recommended that basal ileal endogenous losses of AA should be measured in digestibility experiments using a defined protein-free diet and that these losses are reported with observed AID and SID values. It is suggested that SID values should be used for feed formulation, at least until more information on TID values becomes available.  相似文献   

Mutations in the CYP51 gene correlated with changes in sensitivity to sterol 14 alpha-demethylation inhibitors in field isolates of Mycosphaerella graminicola     

Leroux P  Albertini C  Gautier A  Gredt M  Walker AS 《Pest management science》2007,63(7):688-698

In France, as in many other European countries, Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) Schr?ter in Cohn (anamorph Septoria tritici), the causal agent of wheat leaf blotch, is controlled by foliar applications of fungicides. With the recent generalization of resistance to strobilurins (QoIs), reliable control is mainly dependent upon inhibitors of sterol 14 alpha-demethylation (DMIs). To date, strains with reduced sensitivity to DMIs are widespread, but disease control using members of this class of sterol biosynthesis inhibitors has not been compromised. In this study, sensitivity assays based on in vitro effects of fungicides towards germ-tube elongation allowed the characterization of seven DMI-resistant phenotypes. In four of them, cross-resistance was not observed between all tested DMIs; this characteristic concerned prochloraz, triflumizole, fluquinconazole and tebuconazole. Moreover, the highest resistant factors to most DMIs were found only in recent isolates; according to their response towards prochloraz, they were classified into two categories. Molecular studies showed that DMI resistance was associated with mutations in the CYP51 gene encoding the sterol 14 alpha-demethylase. Alterations at codons 459, 460 and 461 were related to low resistance levels, whereas, at position 381, a valine instead of an isoleucine, in combination with the previous changes, determined the highest resistance levels to all DMIs except prochloraz. Mutations in codons 316 and 317 were also found in some isolates exhibiting low resistance factors towards most DMIs.  相似文献   

Effect of pre-medication on gastroduodenoscopy in isoflurane-anesthetized cats     

AA  Smith  LP Posner  RE Goldstein  JW Ludders  HN Erb  KW Simpson  RD Gleed 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):103-103

The pre‐medicant chosen may influence the ease with which gastroduodenoscopy (GD) is performed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative ease of GD in cats under ketamine and isoflurane anesthesia after IM injection of hydromorphone (H, 0.1 mg kg^?1), hydromorphone plus glycopyrrolate (HG, 0.1 mg kg^?1 (H), 0.01 mg kg^?1 (G)), medetomidine (M, 0.03 mg kg^?1), or butorphanol (B, 0.4 mg kg^?1). Eight cats were assigned randomly to receive each treatment in a cross‐over design with at least 7 days between treatments. Twenty minutes after pre‐medication, medetomidine produced greater (p = 0.001) sedation than the other treatments when assessed, using a subjective ordinal scale. The cats were injected with ketamine (10 mg kg^?1 IM), orotracheally intubated, connected to a pediatric circle breathing system, and allowed to spontaneously breathe isoflurane in oxygen. Once end‐tidal isoflurane concentration was stable at 1.4% for 15 minutes, endoscopy was started. A single endoscopist (REG), who was unaware of the treatment used, performed all endoscopies. The endoscopist scored the difficulty of endoscopy subjectively (0–3). The significance of differences between treatments was evaluated using Friedman's test. Time for entering the stomach was 9.4 (4.7–15.9) (median (minimum–maximum)), 6.6 (5.2–11.7), 8.4 (6.3–16.5), and 7.7 (5.1–14.7) seconds and for entering the duodenum from the stomach was 20.5 (13.8–40.9), 18.2 (10.3–39.8), 20.2 (16.2–119.5), and 22.2 (11.8–83.8) seconds for H, HG, M, and B treatments, respectively. There were no significant differences in the time for, or difficulty of, endoscopy. We conclude that any of these drugs can be used satisfactorily at the doses and combinations tested to pre‐medicate cats prior to general anesthesia for GD.  相似文献