灌溉小麦优质高产生态栽培优化数学模型研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

安成立  戴开军  张俊杰  董彦卿  王红 《中国农学通报》2003,19(5):103-103

运用农业系统工程原理,采用三因子二次饱和D最优设计方案[8],选取对小麦产量影响较大的播期x1、播量x2和施肥量x3为调控因子[5] [7],以每公顷 产量y为目标函数研究灌溉小麦优质高产生态栽培优化数学模型。结果表明,在试验设计条件下,影响灌溉小麦产量的各生态因素权重依次为播期x1＞播量x2＞施肥量x3,依据建立的模型,目标产量在7500～9000kg/hm2时,灌溉小麦优质高产最佳农艺方案为：播期x1 10月2日～5日,播量x2 145.91～211.76万粒/ hm2,施肥量x3纯N、P（N∶P2O5=1∶1）191.83～304.73 kg/hm2。本研究为灌溉小麦优质高产生态栽培提供科学依据。  相似文献   

基于机器视觉的水下河蟹识别方法   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

赵德安  刘晓洋  孙月平  吴任迪  洪剑青  阮承治 《农业机械学报》2019,50(3):151-158

为了探测河蟹在池塘中的数量及分布情况,为自动投饵船提供可靠的数据反馈,提出了基于机器视觉的水下河蟹识别方法。该方法通过在投饵船下方安装摄像头进行河蟹图像实时采集,针对水下光线衰减大、视野模糊等特点,采用优化的Retinex算法提高图像对比度,增强图像细节,修改基于深度卷积神经网络YOLO V3的输入输出,并采用自建的数据集对其进行训练,实现了对水下河蟹的高精度识别。实验所训练的YOLO V3模型在测试集上的平均精度均值达86. 42%,对水下河蟹识别的准确率为96. 65%,召回率为91. 30%。实验对比了多种目标检测算法,仅有YOLO V3在识别准确率和识别速率上均达到较高水平。在同一硬件平台上YOLO V3的识别速率为10. 67 f/s,优于其他算法,具有较高的实时性和应用价值。  相似文献   

玉米果穗剥皮辊型及其主要参数优选试验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

戴株荫  曲继祥 《农业机械学报》1995,26(2):58-62

在前人研究基础上，用实验法在室内专用试验台架上对玉米果穗剥皮辊型及其主要运动与结构参数进行多指标正交试验，以求进一步摸清各参数对剥皮性能影响程度及其变化规律，寻求较优参数组合，为研究设计米果穗剥皮机械提供科学依据。  相似文献   

农村电力负荷管理系统的研究与开发     

沙莎  周启龙  戴成梅 《农机化研究》2009,31(5)

随着我国农村经济的发展,造成了农村地区电力的持续紧缺,给农业生产带来了不利影响,要求电力部门加强对农村电力负荷的管理,以确保农业生产的电力需求.为此,介绍了一种集多种功能于一体的农村电力负荷管理系统,阐述了该系统的主要功能、终端的硬件设计和主控站软件的设计.本系统支持230M无线专网和GPRS/CDMA无线公网两种通讯方式.  相似文献   

无功就地补偿技术在农业排灌泵站中的应用     

戴志雄  胡国文 《农机化研究》2009,31(9)

目前农业排灌站普遍存在功率因数低、无功损耗大的情况.无功就地补偿技术,可以有效地提高供配电系统的功率因数,达到节能的效果.为此,针对6kV配电站的补偿方式进行了仿真分析,论证了在排灌泵站中采用无功就地补偿技术的经济可行性,并对推广该技术存在的问题,提出了一些建议.  相似文献   

湘研十五号辣椒的选育     

邹学校  周群初  戴雄泽  李雪峰  马艳青  刘荣云  陈文超  张竹青 《长江蔬菜》2000,(8):37-38

湘研十五号辣椒是以６４２４为母本,８２１５为父本配制一代杂种,植株生长势强,株型紧凑,丰产、稳产,抗病性强,一般６６７ｍ＾２产量３０００ｋｇ左右,比湘研五号增产１５．３６％。  相似文献   

贮藏期间板栗呼吸特性研究     

王雁萍  戴桂馥  吴健  李宗伟  秦广雍  苏明杰  武广  胡国驹 《果树学报》2000,17(4):282-285

对板栗贮藏期间呼吸速率及影响因素的研究发现：０－５℃贮藏能显著抑制板栗呼吸,能使板栗缓慢呼吸的稳定期延长至次年 ３月,但随贮期延长板栗组织愈加不耐受低 Ｏ２高 ＣＯ２环境;降低起始Ｏ２或提高起始 ＣＯ２浓度不能降低板栗的呼吸速率。  相似文献   

Antibacterial Bombyx Mori silk fabric modified with reactive chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and its laundering durability     

Wei Zhang  Xinlan Dai  Jinjie Zhou  Gang Zhu 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(2):290-295

A new fiber-reactive chitosan derivative was synthesized in two steps from a chitosan of low molecular weight. First, a water-soluble chitosan derivative, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-trimethylammonium)propyl] chitosan chloride (short for HTCC), was prepared by reacting chitosan with 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride. Second, HTCC was further modified by reacting with N-(hydroxymethyl)-acrylamide to prepare a fiber-reactive chitosan derivative, O-methyl acrylamide quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan (short for NMA-HTCC), which can form covalent bonds with silk fiber under alkaline conditions. The chemical structure of NMA-HTCC was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The substitution degree of HTCC and the double-bond content of NMA-HTCC were tested. Then NMA-HTCC was used for antibacterial finishing of Bombyx Mori silk fabric. The results showed that silk fabric treated with NMA-HTCC had a significantly improved antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and the antibacterial activity of silk fabric finished by NMA-HTCC was much better than that finished by chitosan and HTCC. Bombyx Mori silk fabric modified with NMA-HTCC demonstrated excellent durable antibacterial activity, even after 50 repeated launderings, the bacterial reduction rate of silk fabric maintained over 95 %.  相似文献   

Interspecific cross‐hybrids of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. (gla.) S ‘K326’ with Nicotiana alata          下载免费PDF全文

Jugou Liao  Jinran Dai  Shiyi Yang  Xiaoli Zhou  Longhui Ren  Zhuangzhuang Chen  Haili He  Suiyun Chen 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(3):427-435

In order to introduce the Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) resistance from Nicotiana alata into Nicotiana tabacum, a cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) line of N. tabacum (N. tabacum L. cv. (gla.) S ‘K326’), was successfully crossed with N. alata. Despite a high DNA content variability, F₁ hybrids could be classified in two subgroups, a major one encompassing fertile hybrids morphologically similar to their tobacco maternal parent but TSWV sensitive, and a minor one displaying sterile hybrids showing an intermediate phenotype and TSWV resistant. In order to elucidate the unexpected fertility recovery of the fertile F₁ plants, some N. alata fertility restoration ppr genes were cloned and were shown to be differentially expressed between parental lineages as well as between both F₁ subgroups, suggesting that N. alata contains fertility restoring allele able to overcome the CMS of N. tabacum.  相似文献   

Investigation and genetic mapping of a Glomerella leaf spot resistance locus in apple          下载免费PDF全文

Yuanxia Liu  Jinhao Lan  Caihong Wang  Baohua Li  Jun Zhu  Chunxiao Liu  Hongyi Dai 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(1):119-125

Apple Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) is a severe fungal disease that damages apple leaves during the summer in China. Breeding new apple varieties that are resistant to the disease is considered the best way of controlling GLS. Fine mapping and tightly linked marker are critically essential for the preselection of resistant seedlings. In this study, a population of 207 F₁ individuals derived from a cross between ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Fuji’ was used to construct a fine simple sequence repeat (SSR)‐based genetic linkage map. The position of R_gls, a locus responsible for resistance to GLS, was identified on apple linkage group (LG) 15 using SSR markers CH05g05 and CH01d08, which was adapted from a published set of 300 SSR markers that were developed using the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) method. These two SSR markers flanked the gene, and its recombination rate was 8.7% and 23.2%, respectively. A total of 276 newly developed SSR markers around the target region and designed from the genome apple assembly contig of LG15 were screened. Only nine of these were determined to be linked to the R_gls locus. Thus, a total of 11 SSR markers were in linkage with R_gls, and mapped at distances ranging from 0.5 to 33.8 cM. The closest marker to the R_gls locus was S0405127, which showed a genetic distance of approximately 0.5 cM. The first mapping of the gene R_gls was constructed, and the locations of the 11 effective primers in the ‘Golden Delicious’ apple genome sequence were anchored. This result facilitates better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the trait of resistance to GLS and could be used in improving the breeding efficiency of GLS‐resistant apple varieties.  相似文献