Development of triploid hybrids in asparagus breeding employing a tetraploid landrace     

R. Moreno  J. A. Espejo  J. Gil 《Euphytica》2010,173(3):369-375

The development of triploid cultivars from crosses between the tetraploid landrace ‘Morado de Huetor’ and diploid commercial cultivars was studied in this work. Fertility of both 4x × 2x and 2x × 4x crosses, as measured by fruit set and number of seeds per fruit, and germination rate of triploid seeds, were studied in order to assess the viability of producing commercial seeds. Seven triploid hybrid progenies were included in a progeny test together with thirteen experimental tetraploid hybrids and four cultivars (‘Grande’, ‘UC157-F2’, ‘Purple Passion’ and ‘Morado de Huetor’). Marketable spear production and mean diameter of spears were evaluated in both 2007 and 2008. Crosses 4x × 2x were more successful than 2x × 4x, and a wide variation from high to very low fertility within tetraploid females was found. Germination rate of triploid seeds was similar to diploid ones. After 2 years of evaluation experimental hybrid triploids were more productive than tetraploids with values similar to the highest yielding diploid cultivar (‘Grande’). Spear diameter of triploid hybrids was in general thicker than the tetraploid hybrids and significantly thinner than the standard cultivars ‘Grande’ and ‘Purple Passion’ (tertraploid). These results suggest that the development of new triploid cultivars (4x × 2x) employing a tetraploid landrace from a different genetic background of current diplods could be interesting in asparagus breeding, broadening the spectrum of cultivated asparagus cultivars.  相似文献   

Resistance mechanisms and farm-level distribution of fecal Escherichia coli isolates resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in pigs in Spain     

E. Escudero  L. Vinué  T. Teshager  C. Torres  M.A. Moreno 《Research in veterinary science》2010,88(1):83-87

Introduction

Fecal Escherichia coli isolates showing a phenotype of reduced susceptibility or resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins are common among pigs in Spain. The aim of this study was to describe the main beta-lactam resistance mechanisms carried by these strains and their distribution at farm-level.

Materials and methods

Twenty-nine E. coli isolates showing reduced susceptibility or resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins were collected from a sampling frame of 80 pig farms distributed over 13 Spanish provinces. The survey was carried out at the slaughterhouse level in 2004.

Results

Of the 29 isolates, 21 (72%) met the criteria for a positive phenotypic confirmatory test for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). The following ESBLs were detected: SHV-12 (12 isolates, 41%), CTX-M-1 (three isolates, 10%), CTX-M-9 (three isolates, 10%), and CTX-M-14 (three isolates, 10%). The remaining eight isolates (28%) were phenotypically non-ESBL, with seven of them (24%) showing mutations on the chromosomal ampC gene promoter at positions −42 (C → T), −18 (G → A), −1 (C → T), and +58 (C → T). A multiplex PCR for detection of plasmidic class C beta-lactamases was negative for all isolates.

Conclusion

Different ESBLs and other mechanisms linked to extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance are widely distributed among fecal E. coli from slaughter pigs in Spain.  相似文献   

论湖北省鸡蛋品牌建设     

皮劲松  杜金平  潘爱銮 《湖北农业科学》2010,49(10)

介绍了湖北省蛋鸡养殖与加工龙头企业及鸡蛋品牌建设情况,指出了湖北省鸡蛋品牌建设中存在的问题,并对湖北省鸡蛋品牌的建设与发展提出了建议。  相似文献   

不同咸蛋腌制工艺对南方、北方鸭蛋腌制效果的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒲跃进  杜金平  梁振华  皮劲松  潘爱銮  吴艳  申杰  李清逸  徐晓娟 《湖北农业科学》2010,49(12)

利用3种咸蛋腌制工艺(袋腌法、水腌法和泥腌法)对我国南方鸭蛋和北方鸭蛋进行了腌制比较,结果表明,3种咸蛋腌制工艺腌制咸蛋的成熟时间先后顺序为水腌法泥腌法袋腌法;用袋腌法和水腌法生产咸蛋时,南方鸭蛋的效果优于北方鸭蛋,而用泥腌法生产咸蛋时,北方鸭蛋的效果优于南方鸭蛋。  相似文献   

Performance of Prunus rootstocks for apricot in Mediterranean conditions     

Fca Hernández  J. Pinochet  M.A. Moreno  J.J. Martínez  P. Legua 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

The influence of five rootstocks (Evrica, Krymsk^® 86, Torinel, PAC 00-08 and PADAC 01-47) on flowering, fruit set, trunk cross-sectional area, yield efficiency and fruit quality parameters of apricot cultivars (Prunus armeniaca L.) grown in a Mediterranean agro-climatic environment was evaluated. The five rootstocks were grafted with ‘E-101’ and ‘E-404’ apricot cvs., and established in an experimental orchard in the Region of Murcia (South-eastern of Spain) in 2004. Rootstock had no significant influence on the number of flowers but affected fruit set. Evrica, PAC 00-08 and PADAC 01-47, induced a higher percentage of fruit set on the apricot cultivar ‘E-101’. The greatest TCSA was exhibited with Torinel, Evrica and PADAC 01-47. The yield efficiency was significantly greater on PADAC 01-47, because of its higher yield and cumulative production compared with the other rootstocks. Thus, differences in precocity among rootstocks became evident, PADAC 01-47 being the most efficient rootstock for the first bearing years. The fruit quality traits were also significantly affected by rootstocks. In the case of ‘E-101’, the highest fruit weight was induced by Evrica, Krymsk^® 86 and Torinel. In relation to fruit size, the smallest equatorial, suture and polar diameters were produced by fruit on PADAC 01-47 for both cultivars. The highest firmness was induced by PAC 00-08 for ‘E-101’, while in ‘E-404’ the highest firmness was induced by PADAC 01-47. The colour of fruit was also affected by the rootstock. The brightest coloured skin (high L* values) was found on Evrica, PADAC 01-47, Torinel and Krymsk^® 86. The fruit weight was positively correlated with pulp yield and negatively correlated with TCSA. According to these results, higher fruit quality was found on PADAC 01-47 and Evrica.  相似文献   

基于STM32和μC/OS-II的圆捆缠膜 一体机嵌入式控制器设计     

郑伟佳  马赛  皮佑国 《广东农业科学》2013,40(12):197-201

在对圆捆缠膜一体机的生产过程进行简要分析的基础上,设计了圆捆缠膜机网络控制系统.该系统由网络控制器、圆捆机控制器、缠膜机控制器以及便携式操作器通过CAN总线连接而成.研究了基于STM32单片机和μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统的圆捆机控制器和缠膜机控制器设计,使圆捆机和缠膜机配合工作实现圆捆缠膜一体化作业.试验和测试结果表明,系统设计达到要求,满足了一体机的控制要求.  相似文献   

Synthesis and characterization of a potential prebiotic trisaccharide from cheese whey permeate and sucrose by Leuconostoc mesenteroides dextransucrase     

Díez-Municio M  Montilla A  Jimeno ML  Corzo N  Olano A  Moreno FJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(8):1945-1953

The production of new bioactive oligosaccharides is currently garnering much attention for their potential use as functional ingredients. This work addresses the enzymatic synthesis and NMR structural characterization of 2-α-D-glucopyranosyl-lactose derived from sucrose:lactose and sucrose:cheese whey permeate mixtures by using a Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512F dextransucrase. The effect of synthesis conditions, including concentration of substrates, molar ratio of donor/acceptor, enzyme concentration, reaction time, and temperature, on the formation of transfer products is evaluated. Results indicated that cheese whey permeate is a suitable material for the synthesis of 2-α-D-glucopyranosyl-lactose, giving rise to yields around 50% (in weight respect to the initial amount of lactose) under the optimum reaction conditions. According to its structure, this trisaccharide is an excellent candidate for a new prebiotic ingredient, due to the reported high resistance of α-(1→2) linkages to the digestive enzymes in humans and animals, as well as to its potential selective stimulation of beneficial bacteria in the large intestine mainly attributed to the two linked glucose units located at the reducing end that reflects the disaccharide kojibiose (2-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucose). These findings could contribute to broadening the use of important agricultural raw materials, such as sucrose or cheese whey permeates, as renewable substrates for enzymatic synthesis of oligosaccharides of nutritional interest.  相似文献   

New beverages of lemon juice enriched with the exotic berries maqui, açaı́, and blackthorn: bioactive components and in vitro biological properties     

Gironés-Vilaplana A  Valentão P  Moreno DA  Ferreres F  García-Viguera C  Andrade PB 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(26):6571-6580

Following previous research on lemon juice enriched with berries, the aim of this work was to design new blends based on lemon juice mixed with different edible berries of exotic and national origin: maqui ( Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz), a?a?? ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.), and blackthorn ( Prunus spinosa L.). The phytochemical characterization of controls and blends was performed by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS(n). Their antioxidant capacity against DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals and hypochlorous acid and their potential to inhibit cholinesterases were also assessed. The profiling of the red fruits and lemon revealed a wide range of bioactive phenolics. The novel beverage based on lemon juice and maqui berry (LM) was the most interesting blend in terms of antioxidant capacity. Berry control samples displayed reduced effects on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, the lemon juice control being always the most active. This activity was also remarkable for lemon-blackthorn (LB) and lemon-a?a?? (LA) blends, the last being the most effective inhibitor of cholinesterases among all samples. The results suggested that lemon juice enriched with berries could be of potential interest in the design of new drinks with a nutritive related function on health for chronic diseases.  相似文献   

Biochemical characterization with detection and expression of bacterial β-glucosidase encoding genes of a Mediterranean soil under different long-term management practices     

Rosa Ca?izares  Beatriz Moreno  Emilio Benitez 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2012,48(6):651-663

  相似文献   

不同浓度钠对甜菜生长及生理特性的影响   总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7  

彭春雪耿贵  於丽华杨云邳植  孙菲孙学伟  赵慧杰 《植物营养与肥料学报》2014,20(2):459-465

采用1/2 Hoagland 营养液室内培养试验,研究不同浓度Na+ 对甜菜幼苗生理生化指标和营养元素吸收的影响。结果表明,0.759 mmol/L Na+可提高甜菜幼苗体内Na+ 含量和幼苗高度,增加叶面积（除了9 mmol/L Na+）和干物质量,降低叶片水势,提高叶片的相对含水量、 GPX和CAT的活性,促进甜菜幼苗叶片的吸水及保水能力。3 mmol/L Na+对甜菜幼苗的生长促进作用最明显,可提高CAT、 GPX活性并维持较高的SOD活性,降低MDA含量和相对电导率,未明显降低甜菜体内N、 P和K含量,是甜菜幼苗生长的最佳Na+浓度。  相似文献