Segmental axonopathy of Merino sheep in New Zealand     

RD Jolly  AC Johnstone  SD Williams  K Zhang  TW Jordan 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):210-217

AIM: To investigate an axonopathy of Merino sheep that caused progressive hindlimb ataxia and slight to moderate paresis, with the purpose of understanding its pathogenesis.

METHODS: Tissues were fixed in buffered paraformaldehyde or paraformaldehyde and glutaraldehyde, processed into wax and epoxy resin, respectively, and examined by light and electron microscopy. Fresh frozen spinal cord and trigeminal nerve roots were subjected to homogenisation, centrifugation and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Selected protein spots were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation (MALDI) mass spectrometry.

RESULTS. By light microscopy, there were large pale foamy spheroidal axonal swellings affecting peripheral as well as central axons. By electron microscopy, these were shown to contain many membrane-bound vesicles. The main abnormalities in expressed proteins involved cytoskeletal elements and myosin heavy chain, the latter interpreted as associated with the molecular motor myosin Va.

CONCLUSIONS: The disorder is the same as that described in Merinos in Australia as segmental axonopathy, and believed to have an inherited aetiology. The lesions and protein changes indicate abnormalities of the cytoskeleton, its relationship with the myelin sheath, and myosin Va molecular motor. The consequence appears to be abnormal axonal transport and inability to maintain the integrity of axons and their myelin sheaths.  相似文献   

Oropharyngeal teratoma in a neonatal sable antelope (Hippotragus niger)     

Holly J Haefele  Amanda Guthrie  John G Trupkiewicz  Michael M Garner 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2008,39(2):266-269

A neonatal male sable antelope (Hippotragus niger) was found dead. A 5 by 12-cm lobulated mass was present in the oral cavity, attached to the caudal border of the soft palate; this mass contained hair, cartilage, bone, nervous tissue, muscle, and multiple gland-like structures. Histopathologic diagnosis was consistent with oropharyngeal teratoma. As a result of the lack of wear of the fetal hooves, the firm, collapsed appearance of the lungs, and the lack of other gross or histopathologic abnormalities, the oropharyngeal tumor is suspected to have caused an airway obstruction, resulting in the calf's early postnatal death. This is the first report of an oropharyngeal teratoma in the veterinary literature.  相似文献   

The effect of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on wound healing in horses.     

S L Petersen  C Botes  A Olivier  A J Guthrie 《Equine veterinary journal》1999,31(3):228-231

Laser therapy is used in many countries, including South Africa, for the treatment of skin wounds. Low level galium aluminium arsenide (GaAlAs) laser was administered to full thickness skin wounds (3 x 3 cm) induced surgically on the dorsal aspect of the metacarpophalangeal joints of 6 crossbred horses in a randomised, blind, controlled study. Treated wounds that received a daily laser dosage of 2 J/cm2 were compared with nontreated control wounds on the opposite leg. There were no wound complications. Both groups of wounds were cleaned daily using tap water. Wound contraction and epithelialisation were evaluated using photoplanimetry. There were no significant differences in wound contraction or epithelialisation between the laser treated and the control wounds. It was therefore concluded that laser therapy had no clinically significant effect on second intention wound healing in this study.  相似文献   

Salty stories,fresh spaces: Lessons for aquatic protected areas from marine and freshwater experiences          下载免费PDF全文

Erin K. Loury  Shaara M. Ainsley  Shannon D. Bower  Ratana Chuenpagdee  Tracy Farrell  Amanda G. Guthrie  Sokrith Heng  Zau Lunn  Abdullah Al Mamun  Rodrigo Oyanedel  Steve Rocliffe  Suvaluck Satumanatpan  Steven J. Cooke 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2018,28(2):485-500

Improvement of Fertility in Artificially Inseminated Ewes Following Vaginal Treatment with Misoprostol Plus Terbutaline Sulphate     

AEM Horta  JP Barbas  CC Marques  MC Baptista  MI Vasques  RM Pereira  RD Mascarenhas  S Cavaco‐Gonçalves 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):e412-e416

The effect of vaginal administration of misoprostol plus terbutaline sulphate 6 h prior to artificial insemination (AI) upon the site of AI (vaginal or cervical) and fertility was studied using a total of 87 estrous synchronized Serra da Estrela ewes (control n = 42 and treated n = 45). Artificial insemination was performed using refrigerated semen at 54–55 h after sponge removal. Lambing rate (fertility) and prolificacy were compared between control and treated ewes. The effect of the site of semen deposition on fertility was also evaluated. Prolificacy rate was not different between control (1.5) and treated (1.59) ewes. The proportion of cervical AI achieved in control (45.2%) and treated (37.8%) ewes was not significantly different. Overall, fertility was significantly lower in control than in treated ewes (42.9% vs 64.4%; p < 0.04). Fertility following vaginal AI was significantly lower for control for than treated ewes (30.4% vs 60.7%; p < 0.03) but the difference was smaller and not significant for cervical AI (control 57.9% vs 70.6%). It was concluded that vaginal administration of misoprostol plus terbutaline sulphate 6 h prior to artificial insemination did not affect the proportion of cervical inseminations but significantly improved the fertility of treated ewes. Although needing confirmation, it was hypothesized that drugs might have induced local secretory modifications leading to an increase of cervical ability to retain more viable spermatozoa for fertilization.  相似文献   

The influence of seed-piece treatment on disease control and yield of Russet Burbank potatoes     

James W. Guthrie 《American Journal of Potato Research》1959,36(9):309-314

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Plenary contribution to International Conference on Boar Semen Preservation 2011. Genetic selection for freezability and its controversy with selection for performance     

Safranski TJ  Ford JJ  Rohrer GA  Guthrie HD 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(Z2):31-34

Little data are available in the literature regarding freezability of boar sperm or its relationship with other traits. Existing data suggest the trait would respond favourably to selection, and information is available from other species suggesting components that might have changed. Genetic parameters are estimated for boar sperm freezability including heritability and correlations with other production traits. Sperm freezability is an ideal candidate for marker assisted-selection or selection for favourable alleles.  相似文献   

Acceptability of various microparticulate diets to first-feeding walleye Stizostedion vitreum larvae   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Guthrie  Rust  Langdon  & Barrows 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2000,6(3):153-158

The acceptability of eight diets made by a wide variety of microparticulate manufacturing processes was studied using first-feeding walleye Stizostedion vitreum larvae. Diets were formulated using a common dietary mix but differed in manufacture technique. The microparticulate diets fed were (1) carrageenan bound, (2) alginate bound, (3) starch/konjack bound, (4) microextruded/maurmurized (MEM), (5) zein bound, (6) carboxymethyl cellulose bound (CMC), (7) particle-assisted rotationally agglomerated (PARA) and (8) a commercial microparticulate diet (Fry Feed Kyowa B-700, FFK). Controls were groups fed live Artemia nauplii and unfed. Gut fullness was measured as the cross-sectional optical area of the bolus visible through the transparent body of the larvae using computer-aided image analysis. Feeding incidence on MEM particles (71 ± 8%, mean ± standard error), zein-bound particles (69 ± 7%), alginate-bound particles (68 ± 2%) and PARA particles (65 ± 6%) were not significantly different ( P   0.05) from the feeding incidence for Artemia (71 ± 6%). FFK (49 ± 14%) and particles bound with carboxymethyl cellulose (27 ± 0.07%), starch (21 ± 10%) or carrageenan (20 ± 0.8%) had significantly ( P  < 0.05) lower feeding incidence. Larvae that did initiate feeding did not differ significantly ( P  > 0.05) in the amount of each microparticulate diet or Artemia consumed. This data indicates that once first-feeding walleye start on a diet, they will consume that diet to a similar fixed level of satiation. Given the differences in the amounts of water and nutrients in the various diets, more nutrients were delivered to the gut of walleye larvae feeding on microparticulate diets than on the Artemia control.  相似文献   

Dermal absorption of pesticides in mice     

R.E. Grissom  C. Brownie  F.E. Guthrie 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1985,24(1):119-123

The dermal penetration of 2,4-D, cyhexatin, fenvalerate, paraquat, maleic hydrazide, and captan was determined at 1, 6, and 24 hr after application to a 1.2-cm² area of the upperback of 7- to 8-week-old mice (1 mg/kg). The amounts of labeled pesticide were measured at the site of application and in the blood, liver, kidney, excreta, and carcass. Ninety-five percent, or greater, were recovered in all cases. These compounds were found to penetrate much slower (21% or less in 24 hr) than was shown for a group of insecticides (parathion, permethrin, carbofuran, and dieldrin, for example) in previous reports. Whereas slow penetration could be explained by low partition coefficients for most compounds, both fenvalerate and cyhexatin (high lipophilicity) were also found to have slow penetration rates. These compounds did not indicate any propensity for appreciable storage or binding in the tissues examined. The carcass contained the greatest amount of radioactivity at 24 hr. The fraction of each compound that penetrated was eliminated from the body at various rates with excretion being lowest for paraquat (50%) and highest for 2,4-D (93%) at 24 hr.  相似文献   

Some radiographic and clinical aspects of ununited anconeal process     

S Guthrie 《The Veterinary record》1989,124(25):661-662

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