Genomic variability among globally distributed isolates of equine arteritis virus.     

T W Murphy  W H McCollum  P J Timoney  B W Klingeborn  B Hyllseth  W Golnik  B Erasmus 《Veterinary microbiology》1992,32(2):101-115

Equine arteritis virus (EAV), a non-arthropod borne togavirus, has been shown to have a global distribution. To date, no major antigenic variation has been demonstrated between EAV isolates from different geographic origins. In this study, the genomic RNA of EAV isolates obtained from horses of different breeds in various countries around the world was oligonucleotide fingerprinted. Comparisons of these fingerprints were used to determine the extent of genomic variation among such isolates. Comparisons among isolates from North American horses revealed, for the most part, oligonucleotide homologies of less than 60%. Only 29 of the 98 comparisons revealed greater than 60% oligonucleotide homology. Nonetheless, several comparisons indicated a close epidemiologic relationship between isolates from horses of different breeds located in different states. Though all European isolates were of Standardbred origin and were from horses located in northern European countries, the majority had oligonucleotide homologies of less than 60%. Where oligonucleotide homology was apparent, it was, with one exception, greater than 70%. The two isolates from New Zealand had 93.2% oligonucleotide homology. This is indicative of an extremely close epidemiologic relationship. Comparisons between EAV isolates from around the world revealed oligonucleotide homologies between viruses from North America, Europe and New Zealand. In several instances, this homology was greater than 70% and in one case greater than 80%. No oligonucleotide homology was evident in comparisons involving the virus from South Africa. The high level of genomic conservation between certain EAV isolates of disparate geographic origins may reflect dissemination of the virus associated with the international movement of horses. The extent of genomic variation demonstrated between most of the EAV isolates used in this study confirms the need for further investigation of genomic heterogeneity among strains of this virus before techniques that rely upon nucleic acid hybridization can be effectively applied as diagnostic procedures.  相似文献   

Differentiation of Staphylococcus sciuri Strains Isolated from Free‐Living Rodents and Insectivores     

T. Hauschild  S. Schwarz 《Zoonoses and public health》2003,50(5):241-246

Twenty‐nine Staphylococcus sciuri strains isolated from free‐living insectivores and rodents were comparatively analysed for their biochemical capacities and their SmaI macrorestriction patterns. The 29 S. sciuri isolates represented 21 different biotypes and 22 different SmaI macrorestriction types. This observation confirmed that S. sciuri isolates obtained from insectivores and rodents living in natural environments constituted a heterogeneous population. Cluster analysis revealed that the macrorestriction patterns and the biochemical profiles matched in some cases. However, S. sciuri isolates that exhibited the same or closely related biochemical profiles were also found to be associated with different macrorestriction patterns. Analysis of the 29 S. sciuri isolates for their plasmid content and their sensitivity to antimicrobial agents showed that most of the isolates were plasmid‐free and susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested.  相似文献   

三峡库区柑桔林水土保持效益分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑巍伟  张春林 《亚热带水土保持》2006,18(1):15-18

对三峡库区2种不同建园方式的柑桔林,从建园开始连续9年定位观测柑桔林水土流失情况,结果表明,梯田柑桔林径流系数在0.047~0.153之间,径流含沙量在425~2170g/m3之间,侵蚀模数在9.37~116.67g/m2之间。25°坡地柑桔林径流系数在0.079~0.378之间,径流含沙量在500~5 050 g/m3之间,侵蚀模数在48.29~1 962.04g/m2之间。在建园初期4年内,25°坡地柑桔林径流系数、径流含沙量和侵蚀模数急剧下降,径流系数由0.378下降到0.103,径流含沙量由5050 g/m3下降到350g/m3,侵蚀模数由1 962.04g/m2下降到131.42 g/m2。4年后,覆盖度的增加有效的抵消了坡度对水土流失的影响,柑桔林覆盖度达到0.82,径流系数,径流含沙量和侵蚀模数分别为0.103~0.253,350~3404 g/m3、14.71~148.4g/m2,表现出较好的水土保持效益。  相似文献   

南美白对虾养殖技术之四南美白对虾虾苗长途运输技术要点     

张桂玲 《中国水产》2006,370(9)

由于水质、技术、气候等因子的限制,南美白对虾的育苗区域目前还很局限,因此,某些地方如果要养殖南美白对虾的话,就必须从其他地方调运虾苗.  相似文献   

不同处理稻草混合青贮料对奶牛生产性能的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李旭华  刘海林  张石蕊 《饲料广角》2006,(21):43-44

本试验采用稻草分别与玉米秸杆、象草混合青贮,同时添加纤维素复合酶制剂和乳酸菌制剂,研究稻草的最佳青贮模式以及5种不同处理的稻草混合青贮料对奶牛生产性能的影响。结果表明,稻草与玉米秸杆混合青贮(同时添加纤维素复合酶制剂)料可使奶牛产奶量显著高于其他青贮组合(P<0.05),但对乳成分无显著影响(P>0.05),其他组之间的产奶量和乳成分差异不显著(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

CIDR PMSG FSH联合处理不同品种绵羊效果的研究     

雷赵民  吴建平  张海容  马志愤  王家贵 《中国草食动物》2006,26(4):28-30

CIDR、PMSG、FSH联合使用对初产供体羊Borderdale(波德代)3♂15♀、Poll Dorset(无角陶赛特)5♂18♀和Ger-man Mutton Merino(德国肉毛兼用美利奴—德美)3♂15♀进行同期发情和超数排卵。同期化发情波德代、无角陶赛特和德美分别为100.00%、88.89%和93.33%,羊只同期化发情时间经历和各时间点分布3个品种各有特点。超数排卵效果品种间存在差异,波德代、无角陶赛特、德美分别为6.60±2.97(枚)、3.63±2.25(枚)、5.50±3.32(枚),波德代极显著地高于无角陶赛特(P<0.01)。超排有效率波德代、无角陶赛特、德美分别为100.00%、87.50%、92.86%。未受精卵波德代极显著地高于德美羊和无角陶赛特羊(P<0.01)。胚胎总数德美羊极显著地高于波德代(P<0.01)。有效胚胎波德代羊、无角陶赛特羊、德美羊分别为2.40±2.31、2.75±2.05、4.07±3.79,德美极显著地高于波德代(P<0.01)。同一方法进行同期化发情,羊只经历时间和各时间点均衡分布能否有效控制是同期发情的焦点问题,是有效胚胎数目差异的主导因素之一。  相似文献   

黑龙江流域中俄保护区现状及展望   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪凌峰  史蓉红  张明海 《野生动物》2006,27(6):11-13

黑龙江地处中俄边界，在流域内中俄积极开展保护合作。本文分析了中俄在黑龙江两侧的保护区类型、保护对象，结果表明黑龙江流域的众保护区具有共同的保护对象，保护区的类型也惊人的相似。这些相同相似之处对于中俄保护合作深入发展有重要义。  相似文献   

硫的营养作用及在养殖业的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张丽娟  许宗运 《饲料研究》2006,(9):30-33

1硫在体内的分布大多数动物的含硫量按活体质量计算是0.16%~0.28%,且随年龄而增加,这大概是由于肌肉蛋白质的合成加强,以及硫在毛发和羽毛中的积累。硫元素分布在动物体内的各个细胞中,主要以有机硫的形式存在于蛋氨酸、胱氨酸和半胱氨酸中。此外,还存在于生物素、硫氨素以及黏  相似文献   

乳成分在线测定仪——"魔盒"     

张浩文  陆静 《中国奶牛》2006,(11):46-47

魔盒(如左图)只有拳头般大小,但它的功能却多样,在挤奶的同时,能在线检测原料奶的各种成分,包含乳脂、乳蛋白、乳糖、总固体、尿素,血、体细胞,其中体细胞又可分成四个类别,(a)体细胞<20万/mL,(b)体细胞在20￣40万/mL,(c)体细胞在40￣80万/mL,(d)体细胞>80万/mL。检测的时间就是牛只完成挤奶的同时,即在挤奶的瞬间,魔盒对牛奶中的上述指标进行检测。测出的数据将自动显示并保存在电脑中,并由阿菲牧(由以色列阿菲金公司研发)牛场管理软件永久保存,方便随时随地查阅。这些数据对牛场和乳品企业具有如下意义:1对牧场生产具有直接的指导意义牛…  相似文献   

花生高产科学施肥技术     

张翠玉  封春香 《农业科技通讯》2006,(12):35-35

1花生对矿质元素的吸收分配规律1.1氮素营养和根瘤菌固氮每生产100kg荚果全株积累的氮(需氮量)平均为5.45±0.068kg,花生缺氮主要表现为叶小、叶黄、花少、果少,生育后期氮素过多则防碍养分运输荚果,造成贪青晚熟。花生一生中氮素积累速度以幼果形成后20天左右最快。结荚期积累  相似文献