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1.
采用同期发情+超排对12只特克塞尔羊、无角陶赛特羊进行处理;同时采用自然发情+超排对12只德国肉用美利奴母羊进行处理。结果表明:采用同期发情+超排处理,每只特克塞尔母羊平均获卵胚8.7枚,获受精卵数7.1枚;陶赛特母羊平均获卵胚数1.8枚,获受精卵数1.8枚(P<0.01)。德国肉用美利奴供体母羊的平均获胚数13.5枚,可用胚8.7枚,可用胚率67.0%(P<0.01)。对85只受体绵羊进行同期发情处理,结果表明,处理后同期发情率达88.2%。将12枚可用胚胎移入11只受体,其中10只受体移入单胚,1只受体移入双胚,移植成功率达83.3%(P<0.01)。对62只自然发情的受体母羊进行胚胎移植,结果表明,移植2枚胚胎受体母羊的受胎率比移植1枚的要高34.0%(P<0.01)。  相似文献   

2.
绵羊胚胎移植生殖内分泌调控及其效果研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
初产供体母羊（14月龄）德国美利奴15只、波德代15只、无角陶赛特18只分别用孕酮(CIDR)+促性腺激素(PMSG)+促卵泡素(FSH)进行处理,受体小尾寒羊母羊（2胎）124只用CIDR+PMSG进行处理,处理期测定供、受体外周血液中生殖激素孕酮（p4）、雌二醇（E2）、促卵泡素（FSH）和促黄体素（LH）的动态变化。结果显示：3个供体品种和受体各自发情同期化水平和效果达到非常理想的状态,但供、受体发情同步差相距1 d。黄体数德国美利奴（7.71）显著高于陶赛特（5.19）（P<0.05）;冲卵数德国美利奴（5.50）显著高于陶赛特（3.44）（P<0.05）;可用胚胎率德国美利奴、波德代、陶赛特分别为70.13%、55.74%、78.18%,陶赛特显著高于波德代（P<0.05）;德国美利奴、波德代、陶赛特胚胎移植受胎率分别为55.26%、54.17%、42.31%,德国美利奴显著高于陶赛特（P<0.05）。处理期供体和受体生殖激素动态变化的幅度大,第13天供、受体血清中p4达到峰值,小尾寒羊分别高于德国美利奴（5.37 ng/mL）、波德代（6.14 ng/mL）和陶赛特（5.37 ng/mL）;供体血清中E2于第14天开始发情达到峰值,小尾寒羊于第15天开始发情达到峰值;供体血清中FSH于第13天达到峰值,小尾寒羊第14天达到峰值;供体血清中LH于第14天开始发情达到峰值,小尾寒羊血清中LH于第15天开始发情达到峰值。  相似文献   

3.
不同品种绵羊超排效果分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用常规超排方法 ,使用相同FSH剂量对德国肉毛兼用型美利奴羊和无角陶赛特羊进行处理 ,两组羊超排效果没有显著差异 (P >0 0 5 )。其结果如下 :平均排卵数为 :15 4 6± 1 5 1个(德国肉毛兼用型美利奴羊 )、 14 6± 2 5 0个 (无角陶赛特羊 ) ;平均采集可用胚胎数为 :13 15±4 85枚 (德国肉毛兼用型美利奴羊 )、 12 4± 2 5 6枚 (无角陶赛特羊 )。  相似文献   

4.
采用同期发情+超排对12只特克塞尔羊、无角陶赛特羊,采用自然发情+超排对12只德国肉用美利奴母羊进行处理。结果表明:采用同期发情+超排处理,平均每只特克塞尔母羊获卵达8.7枚,平均获受精卵数7.1枚;陶赛特母羊平均1.8枚,受精卵数7枚,平均获受精卵数1.8枚(P<0.01)。德国肉用美利奴羊供体母羊的平均获胚数可达13.5枚,可用胚达8.7枚,可用胚率(%)迭67.0%(P<0.01)。对85只受体绵羊进行同期发情处理结果表明,处理后同期发情率达88.2%。将12枚可用胚胎移入10只受体,其中11只受体移入单胚,1只受体移入双胚,移植成功率达63.3%(P<0.01)。对62只自然发情的受体母羊进行胚胎移植,结果表明,移植2枚胚胎,受体母羊的受胎率比移植1枚的要高34%(P<0.01)。同期发情时间差异为±0d,妊娠率达100%,而时间差异为±0.5d的为66.67%(P<0.01)。对母羊发情时间与超排效果的关系分析结果表明,撤栓后24h内,或为注射FSH后第1天,标准时间内排卵(≤±4h)的母羊占64%,延时8 h以内排卵的占27%,提早或延时1.0h~1.5h排卵的占9%。  相似文献   

5.
为了研究不同月龄波德代和无角陶赛特羊生化指标差异及相关性,试验测定了3,8月龄两品种羊的碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性及白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)含量6项生化指标,并进行了相关性分析。结果表明:相同月龄波德代公、母羔的AST活性分别显著、极显著高于无角陶赛特(P0.05、P0.01)。无角陶赛特公羔3月龄的LDH和AST活性分别极显著、显著高于8月龄(P0.01、P0.05);波德代公羔3月龄的ALT活性显著高于8月龄(P0.05)。波德代和无角陶赛特母羔3月龄的血清AKP、LDH、AST活性极显著高于8月龄(P0.01);波德代母羔3月龄的TP含量极显著高于8月龄(P0.01)。3月龄波德代羊AKP活性与AST活性、ALB含量,AST活性与ALB含量呈极显著正相关(P0.01),LDH活性和TP含量呈显著正相关(P0.05);8月龄波德代羊AKP活性和ALT活性呈显著正相关(P0.05),ALB含量与AKP、LDH活性呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。3月龄无角陶赛特羊LDH活性与TP含量呈显著正相关(P0.05),8月龄无角陶赛特羊ALB含量与TP含量呈显著正相关(P0.05)。说明相同月龄两个品种羊间除AST活性和TP含量外其他生化指标无显著差异,但LDH、ALT、AST和TP在相同品种的不同月龄间差异较明显。  相似文献   

6.
2005年在青海省黄南地区开展了无角陶赛特肉羊胚胎移植试验。对100只土种藏羊受体进行了同期处理,同期发情率69%;移植胚胎40枚,移植率为57.97%;产羔13只,移植受胎率32.5%,其中陶赛特公羊8只,母羊5只。成活率100%。  相似文献   

7.
为了对引进的肉羊品种无角陶赛特羊及波德代羊与蒙古羊杂种F1、F2、F3在不同月龄进行体重体尺指标的测定,以综合评价引进的肉羊品种无角陶赛特羊和波德代羊对当地蒙古羊的杂交改良效果,试验以引进的无角陶赛特羊及波德代羊与蒙古羊不同杂交组合的后代(F1、F2及F3)为研究对象,采用随机抽样的方法对已培育出的西北肉用绵羊新品种群部分杂交组合生长发育性状在不同月龄通过测定体重、体尺指标进行研究,探讨最佳杂交组合模式.结果表明:杂种F3生长发育速度快于对应杂种F2,杂种F2生长发育速度优于对应杂种F1;陶波蒙杂交组合改良蒙古羊效果较好于陶蒙杂交组合,尤其是高代或三元杂交经济效果更为显著.  相似文献   

8.
试验通过使用人工授精后绵羊作为受体进行胚胎移植,以寻找一种更加有效的方法提高绵羊胚胎移植的经济效益。试验中使用FSH对10只无角道赛特绵羊进行超数排卵处理,同时对60只受体小尾寒羊进行同期发情。供体羊在发情配种后4.5～5.0d从子宫角收集胚胎。同时,将胚胎移植到同期发情并进行人工授精的受体羊子宫内。总共有57枚可用胚移植给44只受体小尾寒羊,32只怀孕到分娩,共产下羔羊51只(无角道赛特羔28只,道赛特与小尾寒羊杂种羔23只)。此外,经人工授精但未进行手术移植的7只小尾寒羊产下15只杂种羔羊。移胚植受体妊娠率72.7%(32/44),移胚受体繁殖率118%(51/44),受体利用率88.3%(53/60)。移胚受体总妊娠率和受体利用率均显著高于常规ET组(P<0.01)。与常规胚胎移植相比,受体羊人工授精后移植胚胎不仅提高了无角道赛特母羊的繁殖率,而且提高了受体羊的利用率。  相似文献   

9.
超数排卵是胚胎移植的重要环节,经辽宁省朝阳市10个肉羊场,夏洛莱、萨福克、德美、无角陶赛特和波尔山羊等484只超排羊只的超排试验,回收胚胎4752枚,其中可用胚3140枚,未受精卵1446枚,退化细胞166枚。经统计分析,9月中旬至11月上旬为超排最佳时间,主要表现为冲胎数多(平均冲胚数7.8枚/只~12.1枚/只),可用胚率高(平均达53.2%~77.7%)。  相似文献   

10.
波德代与无角陶赛特公羊繁殖性能的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本文以从新西兰引入无角陶赛特公羊和波德代公羊为研究对象 ,通过比较它们之间的繁殖性能指标 (射精量、原精密度、原精活率、冻精解冻活率、畸形率、性反应时间和精清睾酮含量 )的月变化和季节变化异同 ,从而使我们更加清楚的认识这两品种 ;①两品种除原精密度的季节变化规律相反外 ,其它方面的变化规律基本相似 ;②波德代羊在射精量和原精密度方面显著高于无角陶赛特 ,其它方面差异不显著 ;从上述几方面看 ,波德代羊的繁殖性能较无角陶赛特羊好一些 ;③两品种在射精量、原精密度、原精活率、冻精解冻活率、畸形率、性反应时间和精清睾酮含量方面都较为优良 ,能够最大限度满足需要。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

15.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

16.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

17.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

18.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

19.
Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.  相似文献   

20.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
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