Hard seed breakdown patterns of unprocessed forage legume seed sown into dry soil in summer in southern Australia     

John G. Howieson  Robert J. Harrison  Ron J. Yates  Belinda Hackney  Angelo Loi  Brad J. Nutt 《Grass and Forage Science》2021,76(1):82-92

The patterns and extent of hard seed breakdown of dormant seeds and pods following burial in the soil in February (summer) varied for up to 19 accessions of 12 species of annual forage legumes. The experiments, at six sites across southern Australia, were designed to identify legumes whose patterns of hard seed breakdown would suit them to agronomic evaluation in a summer sowing research program. For a subset of accessions, sufficient hard seed breakdown was demonstrated between February and April to allow a high proportion of seed to germinate in late autumn—a desirable pattern for summer sowing. Although there was a large G x E interaction, some cultivars of Ornithopus sativus Brot., O. compressus L. and Trifolium spumosum L. had a pattern that was reproducible at all sites. The experiments also identified accessions of Biserrula pelecinus L. and T. glanduliferum Boiss., which had the desirable pattern in regions of south‐eastern Australia, but not Western Australia. A pragmatic approach for selection of forage legume accessions in situ for evaluation within a summer sowing program was demonstrated.  相似文献   

Family by environment interactions in shell size of 43-day old silver-lip pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima), five families reared under different nursery conditions     

Renate Kvingedal  Brad S. Evans  Joseph J.U. Taylor  Jens Knauer  Dean R. Jerry 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2008,279(1-4):23-28

To understand the influence the environment and associated genotype by environment interactions will exert on future silver-lip pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima) selective breeding programs, this study assessed the relative performance in four shell growth traits of spat from five full-sib families, when spat were communally reared at different salinities (29, 34 and 40 ppt), food availability (high, medium and low), food quality (high, medium and low), and in a hatchery vs. ocean environment for 43 days.Rearing environment was found to influence growth expression, with significant differences evident when oysters were grown at different salinities in the ocean instead of hatchery, or when fed algae of differing nutritional quality. As indicated by MANOVA, family comparative growth performances were also altered when the environment changed, with significant environment by family interactions apparent in the food quality, food availability and hatchery vs. ocean rearing treatments. Changes in salinity, however, did not affect relevant family performances.These results indicate that growth and relative family performance in P. maxima may change dependent on local environmental conditions and that genotype by environment effects may need to be considered in breeding programs for this species.  相似文献   

Survey of clinician and student impressions of a synthetic canine model for gastrointestinal surgery training     

Jo Anne Au Yong  Stanley E. Kim  J. Brad Case 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(3):343-351

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Survey of academic veterinarians' clinical practice in cardiopulmonary–cerebral resuscitation     

Erik H. Hofmeister  DVM    Brian F. Thompson  MS    Benjamin M. Brainard  VMD  DACVECC  DACVA    Samantha Kegge  DVM    Stephanie Kube  DVM  DACVIM    Christine M. Egger  DVM  MVSc  DACVA  CVA    Carl Jehn  DVM    Brad Green  DVM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2008,18(2):142-152

Objective: To document the clinical practice of cardiopulmonary–cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) among academic veterinarians. Design: Survey. Setting: Eight colleges of veterinary medicine in the United States. Subjects: Two hundred and one academic veterinarians. Interventions: The survey was distributed by hand by the authors into the mailboxes of small animal faculty, residents, and interns. Demographic variables, questions regarding number of cardiopulmonary arrests (CPA) supervised and number successful, do not attempt resuscitation discussions, and Likert‐style questions about client presence during CPCR, appropriateness of CPCR, and CPCR decision‐making were included. Multiple linear regression models were constructed to determine the effect of multiple questions on different target variables of interest. Measurements and main results: Numerous differences were noted based on institution, gender, specialty, and position. Most institutions did not have a standard resuscitation consent form. Most respondents believed the client, house officer, and senior clinician should determine whether to perform resuscitation or not. Quality of life was the most significant determinant of whether to resuscitate or not, followed by long‐term prognosis, then short‐term prognosis. Conclusions: Veterinarians differ in many aspects of their approach to CPA and resuscitation. Creating consensus within the veterinary profession would benefit client service and patient care.  相似文献   

Survey of academic veterinarians' attitudes toward provision of cardiopulmonary–cerebral resuscitation and discussion of resuscitation with clientele     

Erik H. Hofmeister  DVM    Brian F. Thompson  MS    Benjamin M. Brainard VMD  DACVECC  DACVA    Samantha Kegge  DVM    Stephanie Kube  DVM  DACVIM    Christine M. Egger  DVM  MVSc  DACVA  CVA    Yoshio M. Kimura  DVM    Carl Jehn  DVM    Brad Green  DVM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2008,18(2):133-141

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The reptilian thyroid and parathyroid glands.     

Sam Rivera  Brad Lock 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2008,11(1):163-75, viii

The field of reptilian clinical endocrinology is still in its infancy. The thyroid and parathyroid glands are intimately involved with many basic metabolic functions. These glands have been the subject of extensive research studies in reptilian species; however, the effects of abnormal gland function have been poorly documented in clinical cases. These glands play a major role in maintaining physiologic homeostasis in all vertebrates. With the advent of more sensitive assays, it should be possible to measure the small amounts of hormones found in reptilian species. The purpose of this article is to review the literature regarding clinical endocrinology of the thyroid and parathyroid glands in reptiles.  相似文献   

Effect of fast freezing then thaw‐aging on meat quality attributes of lamb M. longissimus lumborum     

Prabhu Balan  Yuan H. Brad Kim  Adam D. Stuart  Robert Kemp  Maryaan Staincliffe  Cameron Craigie  Mustafa M. Farouk 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(8):1060-1069

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of two different freezing rate then thaw‐aging regimens on the quality attributes of lamb loins. The loins were randomly allocated to one of five different freezing/thawing/aging regimes: fast‐(FF1A0) and slow‐(SF1A0) frozen only; fast‐(FF1A2) and slow‐(SF1A2) frozen then thaw‐aged for 14 days; aged for 14 days never frozen (A2). FF1A2 samples had a significantly higher water‐holding capacity compared to the slow frozen regardless of further aging periods. FF1A2 samples had lower (p < 0.05) shear force values than A2 and higher (p < 0.05) water‐holding capacity compared to the SF1A2. Fast freezing resulted in more intracellular cryo‐damage, whereas slow freezing resulted in extracellular cryo‐damage. FF1A0 and SF1A0 samples had lower (p < 0.05) myofibrillar proteins degradation. This study demonstrated that fast freezing then thaw‐aging can result in an improved water‐holding capacity and tenderness through the minimization of extracellular ice crystal formation, reduction in purge and drip losses, and improved proteolysis in thawed lamb.  相似文献   

Effect of immediate postoperative intracameral tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) on anterior chamber fibrin formation in dogs undergoing phacoemulsification     

Laura A. Mancuso  Brad Nadelstein  Andrew Berdoulay  Ronald A. Spatola 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2019,22(4):477-484

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Comparison of three serological assays to determine the cross-reactivity of antibodies from eight genetically diverse U.S. Swine influenza viruses.     

Brad Leuwerke  Pravina Kitikoon  Richard Evans  Eileen Thacker 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2008,20(4):426-432

Swine influenza virus is an economically important pathogen to the U.S. swine industry. New influenza subtypes and isolates within subtypes with different genetic and antigenic makeup have recently emerged in U.S. swineherds. As a result of the emergence of these new viruses, diagnosticians' ability to accurately diagnose influenza infection in pigs and develop appropriate vaccine strategies has become increasingly difficult. The current study compares the ability of subtype-specific commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), hemagglutination inhibition (HI), and serum neutralization (SN) assays to detect antibodies elicited by multiple isolates within different subtypes of influenza virus. Pigs were infected with genetically and antigenically different isolates of the 3 major circulating subtypes within populations of swine (H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2). Serum was collected when all pigs within a group collectively reached HI reciprocal titers >or=160 against that group's homologous challenge virus. The antibody cross-reactivity of the sera between isolates was determined using ELISA, HI, and SN assays. In addition, the correlation between the 3 assays was determined. The assays differed in their ability to detect antibodies produced by the viruses used in the study. The results provide important information to diagnostic laboratories, veterinarians, and swine producers on the ability of 3 common serological assays used in identifying infection with influenza in pigs.  相似文献   

Perioperative morbidity and mortality in dogs with invasive adrenal neoplasms treated by adrenalectomy and cavotomy     

Philipp D. Mayhew  Sarah E. Boston  Allison L. Zwingenberger  Michelle A. Giuffrida  Jeffrey J. Runge  David E. Holt  Joseph S. Raleigh  Ameet Singh  William T. N. Culp  J. Brad Case  Michele A. Steffey  Ingrid M. Balsa 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2019,48(5):742-750

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