Copper sulphate forms in piglet diets: Microbiota,intestinal morphology and enteric nervous system glial cells          下载免费PDF全文

Alessia Di Giancamillo  Piera Anna Martino  Lucia Aidos  Federica Maghin  Cinzia Domeneghini  Carlo Corino 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(3):616-624

The objective of this study was to evaluate dietary supplementation with different copper sulphate (CuSO₄) forms on small intestine microanatomy and large intestine microbiota. Ninety weaned piglets were divided into three experimental groups: control diet (CTR), with no added CuSO₄ and diets supplemented with 150 ppm of CuSO₄ in protected (150P) and unprotected form (150UP). After 18 days of dietary treatment, six piglets per treatment were randomly selected and sacrificed. Duodenum villi length and crypt depths were higher (P < 0.001) in the animals fed 150UP than other groups. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker for enteric glial cells, was unaffected by dietary treatments. The total bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae bacteria counts were lower (P < 0.05) in cecum of animals fed 150P in comparison with the other two groups. In the colon the Streptococci spp were lower (P < 0.001) in both CuSO₄ supplemented groups than controls. The obtained results revealed a modulation of intestinal structure and microbiota exerted by the studied CuSO₄ dietary supplementation. The present data show that dietary supplementation with 150UP in the first period post‐weaning may assist in restoring the gut morphology, improving duodenal structure.  相似文献   

Effect of metoclopramide on nausea and emesis in dogs premedicated with morphine and dexmedetomidine     

Federica A. Brioschi  Daniela Gioeni  Andrea Jacchetti  Alessandra M. Carotenuto 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(2):190-194

Objective

To evaluate whether subcutaneous (SC) metoclopramide (0.2 mg kg^?1) administered 30 minutes prior to (T30) or simultaneously with (T0) intramuscular (IM) morphine (0.2 mg kg^?1) and dexmedetomidine (0.003 mg kg^?1) reduces the incidence of nausea and emesis in healthy dogs.

Study design

Prospective, randomized and blinded study.

Animals

A total of 45 dogs scheduled for elective procedures.

Methods

Dogs were assigned randomly to three groups to be administered SC metoclopramide (0.2 mg kg^?1) 30 minutes before (group M30) or simultaneously (group M0) to IM morphine (0.2 mg kg^?1) and dexmedetomidine (0.003 mg kg^?1). Dogs in the control group (group C) were administered SC saline at T30 and T0. Dogs were observed for 30 minutes after premedication to evaluate signs of nausea (continuous lip-licking and sialorrhoea) and emesis. Signs of pain or discomfort caused by SC injections were also recorded.

Results

There were no statistical differences amongst groups for age, body weight and sex. More dogs developed continuous lip-licking in group C (12/15, 80.0%) compared to dogs in group M30 (1/15, 6.7%) and dogs in group M0 (5/15, 33.3%; p = 0.0001 and p = 0.01, respectively). More dogs developed sialorrhoea in group M0 (8/15, 53.3%) and in group C (10/15, 66.7%) compared to dogs in group M30 (2/15, 13.3%; p = 0.03 and p = 0.004, respectively). More dogs vomited in group M0 (4/15, 26.7%) and in group C (9/15, 60.0%) compared to dogs in group M30 (0/15, 0.0%; p = 0.05 and p = 0.0003, respectively). None of the dogs demonstrated signs of pain or discomfort during SC metoclopramide injection.

Conclusions and clinical relevance:

Subcutaneous metoclopramide at 0.2 mg kg^?1 may reduce IM morphine and dexmedetomidine-induced nausea and emesis if administered 30 minutes in advance. It is effective in reducing lip-licking even when administered concurrently with IM morphine–dexmedetomidine.  相似文献   

Exploring Current and Future Situation of Mediterranean Silvopastoral Systems: Case Study in Southern Spain     

Sara Palomo-Campesino  Federica Ravera  José A. González  Marina García-Llorente 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2018,71(5):578-591

Extensive range-based livestock production has suffered a sharp decrease in Mediterranean Spain in recent decades due to two opposing trends in land use: progressive abandonment of practices in marginal rural areas and land use intensification in more productive areas. In this study, we explored the visions of key stakeholders on the current and future situation of silvopastoral systems in the Sierra Morena mountain range of southern Spain, where extensive livestock grazing is declining because of competition with other more profitable activities, such as intensive olive groves and game hunting. We performed a discourse analysis using Q methodology and evaluated the existing relationships of information exchange and conflict among local institutions such as farmer’s associations, the provincial council, and conservation organizations using social network analysis. Semistructured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders representing local formal and nonformal institutions involved in extensive livestock production. Results showed three distinct discourses among stakeholders related to profitability, conservation, and modernization. There was a strong consensus on the management strategies that should be promoted to support extensive livestock production and preserve the associated silvopastoral systems. Social networks revealed high cohesion and communication exchange and a low level of conflict among stakeholders, with few exceptions. The low influence of livestock producers on policy decision making largely hinders the development of participatory management schemes. Nevertheless, similarities among the visions and opinions of different institutions suggest that new possibilities might emerge for silvopastoral systems through the collaboration among the different socioeconomic sectors present in the area.  相似文献   

Characteristics of equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from amnion and bone marrow: In vitro proliferative and multilineage potential assessment     

A. Lange‐Consiglio  B. Corradetti  A. Meucci  R. Perego  D. Bizzaro  F. Cremonesi 《Equine veterinary journal》2013,45(6):737-744

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Isolation,in vitro culture and characterization of foal umbilical cord stem cells at birth     

Cremonesi  F.  Violini  S.  Lange Consiglio  A.  Ramelli  P.  Ranzenigo  G.  Mariani  P. 《Veterinary research communications》2008,32(1):139-142

Veterinary Research Communications -  相似文献   

Phosphorus forms and enzymatic hydrolyzability of organic phosphorus in soils after 30 years of organic and conventional farming   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Martina Keller  Astrid Oberson  Kathrin E. Annaheim  Federica Tamburini  Paul Mäder  Jochen Mayer  Emmanuel Frossard  Else K. Bünemann 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2012,175(3):385-393

Lower P‐input levels in organic than conventional farming can decrease soil total and available P, which can potentially be resupplied from soil organic P. We studied the effect of 30 y of conventional and organic farming on soil P forms, focussing especially on organic P. Soil samples (0–20 cm) were taken in a field experiment with a nonfertilized control, two organic systems receiving P inputs as animal manure, and two conventional systems receiving only mineral P or mineral P and manure. Soils were analyzed for total, inorganic, organic, and microbial P, by sequential P fractionation and by enzyme additions to alkaline soil extracts. Samples taken prior to starting the experiment were also analyzed. Average annual P balances ranged from –20 to +5 kg ha^–1. For systems with a negative balance, labile and moderately labile inorganic P fractions decreased, while organic and stable inorganic P fractions were hardly affected. Similar quantities and proportions of organic P extracted with NaOH‐EDTA were hydrolyzed in all soils after addition of an acid phosphatase, a nuclease, and a phytase, and enzyme‐stable organic P was also similar among soils. Thus, neither sequential fractionation nor enzyme addition to alkaline soil extracts showed an effect of the type of applied P (manure vs. mineral) on organic P, suggesting that organic P from manure has largely been mineralized. Thus far, we have no indication that the greater microbial activity of the organic systems resulted in a use of stable P forms.  相似文献   

Differentially-regulated defence genes in Malus domestica during phytoplasma infection and recovery     

Rita Musetti  Khaled Farhan  Federica De Marco  Rachele Polizzotto  Annarita Paolacci  Mario Ciaffi  Paolo Ermacora  Simone Grisan  Simonetta Santi  Ruggero Osler 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2013,136(1):13-19

To improve knowledge about plant/phytoplasma interactions and, in particular, about the ‘recovery’ phenomenon in previously-infected plants, we investigated and compared expression levels of several defence-related genes (four pathogenesis-related proteins and three jasmonate-pathway marker enzymes) in apple plants showing different states of health: vigorous (healthy), phytoplasma-infected, and recovered. Real Time-PCR analyses demonstrated that genes are differentially expressed in apple leaf tissue according to the plants’ state of health. Malus domestica Pathogenesis-Related protein (MdPR) 1, MdPR 2 and MdPR 5 were significantly induced in leaves of diseased and symptomatic plants compared to leaves of those plants that were healthy or recovered. On the other hand, levels of all the jasmonate (JA)-pathway marker genes that we selected for this study, were up-regulated in the leaves of recovered plants compared to the diseased ones. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that two different sets of defence genes are involved in the interactions between apple plants and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ (‘Ca. P. mali’) and that these genes are differentially expressed during phytoplasma infection or recovery.  相似文献   

Modelling the effect of partial resistance on epidemics of downy mildew of grapevine     

Bove  Federica  Savary  Serge  Willocquet  Laetitia  Rossi  Vittorio 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2021,161(4):847-864

European Journal of Plant Pathology - The cultivation of grape varieties with partial resistance to disease may become an important component for disease management in the future. The impact of...  相似文献   

RADIOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS: INTRATHORACIC GALLBLADDER IN A DOG     

Federica  Rossi  DVM  SRV  Lorrie  Gaschen  DVM  Dr.med. vet  PhD  Johann  Lang  PD  Dr. med. vet. 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(6):652-654

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USE OF ULTRASOUND TO DIAGNOSE DIAPHRAGMATIC RUPTURE IN DOGS AND CATS     

Giliola  Spattini  DVM  Federica  Rossi  DVM  Massimo  Vignoli  DVM  Christopher R.  Lamb  MA  VetMB 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(2):226-230

Twenty-one cats and six dogs that presented to a first-opinion clinic with signs of dyspnea and muffled cardiac auscultation received ultrasonography to look for signs of diaphragmatic rupture. The presence or absence of diaphragmatic rupture was subsequently determined on the basis of unequivocal radiographic signs, surgical findings, or necropsy. Consistent findings in animals with diaphragmatic rupture were irregular or asymmetric cranial aspect of the liver and abdominal viscera in the thorax. Accuracy of ultrasonography was 25/27 (93%). One false-negative result occurred in a cat with a chronic diaphragmatic rupture in which adhesions between the liver and lung simulated the appearance of an intact diaphragm. One false-positive result occurred in a dog with an abscess involving the left lung and pleural cavity, which was misinterpreted as the stomach. The results of this study support use of ultrasonography in animals with suspected diaphragmatic rupture.  相似文献