A new triterpene glycoside from Centella erecta     

Chidananda S. Rumalla  Zulfiqar Ali  Aruna D. Weerasooriya  Troy J. Smillie  Ikhlas A. Khan 《Fitoterapia》2010

A new (2α,3β)-23-sulphonyl-2,3-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (1) together with eighteen known compounds were isolated from Centella erecta (L.f.) Fern. Their structures were elucidated mainly by NMR and HRESIMS, as well as on comparison with the reported data.  相似文献   

Immunoadjuvant effect of garlic (Allium sativum)–mineral oil suspension on immunity and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in rohu,Labeo rohita     

Pujarini Dash  Swati Yadav  P. K. Sahoo 《International Aquatic Research》2014,6(3):167-173

The immunomodulatory effect of garlic–mineral oil as a modified adjuvant was investigated in rohu, Labeo rohita along with formalin-killed Aeromonas hydrophila. The garlic extract was not having any proteolytic effect on the tested antigen as marked in SDS-PAGE. The efficacy of graded levels of modified adjuvant formulation was assessed by measuring serum hemolysin and agglutination titers as well as level of protection against A. hydrophila challenge in the immunized fish at days 10 and 30 post-vaccination (dpv). The higher hemolysin and bacterial agglutinin titers along with significantly lower mortality against A. hydrophila challenge in modified adjuvant-based vaccinated fish, particularly at low level of garlic incorporation, indicated the pronounced immunoadjuvant role of this modified adjuvant formulation in rohu.  相似文献   

Cryopreservation of isolated blastomeres and embryonic stem‐like cells of Leopard danio,Brachydanio frankei     

Padmanav Routray  Chidananda Dash  Surjya N Dash  Seema Tripathy  Dhananjay K Verma  Saroj K Swain  Priyabrat Swain  Bhikari C Guru 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(4):579-589

This study aimed at developing a suitable cryopreservation protocol for embryonic stem (ES)‐like cells of a tiny freshwater fish Leopard danio (Brachydanio frankei). Embryonic stem (ES)‐like cells derived from blastomeres of the early blastulae stage of the developing embryo were cultured in vitro in a medium containing Leibowitz‐15 supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum, leopard danio embryo extract, sodium bicarbonate, sodium selenite, basic fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor and leukaemia inhibitory factor. The ES‐like cells showed properties similar to ES cells in other species. They were morphologically small, round to polygonal and present in patches and extensively expressed alkaline phosphatase and stage‐specific embryonic antigen. The toxicity and chilling sensitivity of these cells were determined using ethylene glycol (EG), propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol as cryoprotective agents at molar concentrations of 0.6, 1.0, 1.4, 1.8 and 2.0. Among them, 1.8 M EG showed 70% significant viable ES‐like cells (P<0.05). The post‐thawed cells retained similar properties of non‐cryopreserved ES‐like cells with a viability rate of 65%. Similarly, blastomeres cryopreserved following the slow cooling rate with EG and PG yielded a viability of more than 70%.  相似文献   

Conditioning,maturation and year‐round natural spawning of orange‐spotted grouper,Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton, 1822), in recirculating aquaculture system          下载免费PDF全文

Ritesh Ranjan  Sekar Megarajan  Biji Xavier  Biswajit Dash  Shubhadeep Ghosh  Muktha Menon  Loveson L Edward 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(12):5864-5873

The present experiment was aimed at studying the conditioning, maturation and natural spawning of orange‐spotted grouper, Epinephelus coioides, in a recirculatory aquaculture system (RAS). Thirty fish (n = 30; 3.35 ± 0.05 kg) were stocked in a circular tank of 125 m³ capacity fitted with an RAS for conditioning and broodstock development. After 15 days, 15 fish were implanted with 17 α methyl testosterone and letrozole at the rate of 5 mg and 0.2 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for conversion from female to male. The gonadal development started after 1 month, and by 90th day, 63.53 ± 3.78% and 2.07 ± 0.84% of the oocytes attained a size of 400–500 μm and 500–600 μm respectively. Natural spawning commenced in the RAS from 4th month onward after stocking and spawning continued round the year. The spawning pair showed courtship behaviour with a typical vertical burst of swimming just before release of gametes. The total number of eggs spawned during 1 year was 47.23 million with spawning frequency varying form 5 to 13 times per month. The association of spawning events with new moon day (lunar cycle) weakened as time progressed. The mean monthly fertilization and hatching rates varied from 77.80 ± 3.34% to 83.70 ± 1.76% and 82.80 ± 4.21% to 88.33 ± 1.39% respectively. The study proved that RAS is an efficient system that provides a stable, controllable and conducive environment for year‐round natural breeding of orange‐spotted grouper.  相似文献   

Sclerotiorin, a novel inhibitor of lipoxygenase from Penicillium frequentans     

Chidananda C  Sattur AP 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(8):2879-2883

Foods rich with unsaturated fatty acids are prone to enzymatic and nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation; lipoxygenase, a metalloenzyme and a free radical former, oxidizes polyunsaturated fatty acids and is one of the key enzymes in lipid oxidation. Here, we report sclerotiorin, purified from the fermented broth of Penicillium frequentans, as a potent reversible, uncompetitive inhibitor against soybean lipoxygenase-1 (LOX-1) with a half-maximal value (IC50) of 4.2 microM. The inhibitor also showed an antioxidant property by scavenging free radical with an ED50 of 0.12 microM; in addition, nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation was inhibited with a PD50 value of 64 microM and did not show metal chelation. The observations made in this study suggest that sclerotiorin possibly inhibits LOX in two ways: one, by interacting with the enzyme-substrate complex, and two, as an antioxidant by quenching or trapping the free radical intermediates formed in the enzyme reaction. Sclerotiorin compares well with other known natural and synthetic lipoxygenase inhibitors.  相似文献   

Dose dependence specific and non-specific immune responses of Indian major carp (<Emphasis Type="Italic">L. rohita</Emphasis> Ham) to intraperitoneal injection of formalin killed <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aeromonas hydrophila</Emphasis> whole cell vaccine     

Dash S  Das SK  Samal J  Ojha PK  Patra JK  Thatoi H 《Veterinary research communications》2011,35(8):541-552

Specific and non-specific immune response to different doses of formalin killed whole cell vaccine of Aeromonas hydrophila to Indian major carp (Labeo rohita) was evaluated in laboratory condition. Three different doses (10⁵ CFU/ml, 10⁷ CFU/ml, 10¹⁰ CFU/ml) were administered (0.2 ml/fish) intraperitoneally for 1 month. Among the three doses, 10¹⁰ CFU/ml elicited the highest antibody and protective response followed by the doses 10⁷ CFU/ml and 10⁵ CFU/ml. Upon challenge with the virulent strain of A. hydrophila, the relative percentage of survival was recorded up to 80% at highest dose of 10¹⁰ CFU/ml. The non-specific responses, similar to the specific immune responses were also maximum at highest dose of 10¹⁰ CFU/ml. Similar to the specific immune responses, the non-specific responses were maximum at highest dose of 10¹⁰ CFU/ml. Therefore, dose containing 10¹⁰ CFU/ml of formalin killed cells was found to be the most effective dose for vaccination which increased the immunity in Indian major carp (Labeo rohita) to a larger extent.  相似文献   

EFFECTIVENESS OF BROAD SPECTRUM ANTHELMINTICS AGAINST SELECTED STRAINS OF TRICHOSTRONGYLUS COLUBRIFORMIS     

L. F. LeJambre  W. H. Southcott  K. M. Dash 《Australian veterinary journal》1978,54(12):570-574

SUMMARY A field population of Trichostrongylus colubriformis was divided into 4 lines for exposure to selection in the laboratory. The first line was selected with 50 mg/kg thiabendazole, the second with 4 mg/kg morantel tartrate, the third with 50 mg/kg thiabendazole followed by 4 mg/kg morantel tartrate and the fourth line was not selected for drug resistance. Following at least 9 generations of selection there was no difference in LD₅₀ or LD₉₅ between the unselected and single selected strains of worms. The strain selected by⁵⁰both thiabendazole and morantel tartrate had a significantly higher LD₅₀ against thiabendazole, morantel tartrate and levamisole than did the other three strains. The single selected strains had LD₉₅'s of 172, 21.5 and 2.3 mg/kg for thiabendazole, morantel tartrate and levamisole respectively, compared with corresponding values of 111, 17.3 and 2.4 in the unselected strain and 124, 15.5 and 3.0 in the double selected strain. The estimated efficiency of the recommended dose of each anthelmintic against the unselected field strain was:—thiabendazole (44 mg/kg) 50% efficient, morantel tartrate (8.8 mg/kg) 76% efficient and levamisole (7.0 mg/kg) 99.9% efficient.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Lactobacillus plantarum as a water additive on host associated microflora,growth, feed efficiency and immune response of giant freshwater prawn,Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man, 1879)          下载免费PDF全文

Gyanaranjan Dash  Ram Prakash Raman  Kurcheti Pani Prasad  Makesh Marappan  Mangottil Ayyappan Pradeep  Swatipriyanka Sen 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(3):804-818

A 90‐day experiment was conducted by rearing 1020 prawn juveniles (0.54 ± 0.03 g) in water supplemented with three different concentrations of probiotic bacteria viz. T1 (10⁷ cfu L^?1), T2 (10⁸ cfu L^?1), T3 (10⁹ cfu L^?1) and the control (C) (unsupplemented water), to evaluate probiotic effect of Lactobacillus plantarum. In the present study, the growth parameters (WG%, SGR) and feed utilization parameters (FCR, PER) significantly improved (P < 0.05) in T3. The growth and feed utilization parameters though improved marginally in T1 and T2, the difference was not significant (P > 0.05) compared to the control. The gastro‐intestinal Lactobacillus sp. count increased significantly (P < 0.05) in all the treatment groups, whereas the decrease in harmful bacteria was significant (P < 0.05) in T3 compared to the control. Similarly, the Lactobacillus sp. count in culture water increased significantly (P < 0.05) in all the experimental groups, whereas the decrease in harmful bacteria was significant (P < 0.05) in T2 and T3. The immune parameters (THC, PO and RB activity) and clearance efficiency significantly improved (P < 0.05) in T3 with concurrent decrease (P < 0.05) in cumulative mortality against Aeromonas hydrophila challenge. However, water quality did not improved (P > 0.05) in any of the treatment groups. The results indicate that Lactobacillus plantarum at a minimum concentration of 10⁹ cfu L^?1 could be used as water additive to confer its probiotic effect in prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Moreover, future studies with higher probiotic concentrations should be conducted for its efficient commercial scale field application.  相似文献   

Revealing Genetic Relationship and Prospecting of Novel Donors Among Upland Rice Genotypes Using qDTY-Linked SSR Markers     

Mitadru Mukherjee  Barada Padhy  Bharathkumar Srinivasan  Pradosh Mahadani  Sk Yasin Baksh  Ravindra Donde  Onkar Nath Singh  Lambodar Behera  Padmini Swain  Sushanta Kumar Dash 《水稻科学》2018,25(6):308-319

A total of 17 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked to QTLs (qDTYs) governing grain yield under reproductive stage (RS) drought stress were used to assess the genetic relationship and prospecting new donors for qDTYs among 32 popular upland rice genotypes. These SSR markers generated a total of 36 alleles with an average allele count of 2.1 per locus. Polymorphic information content value of the markers ranged from 0.376 to 0.662 with an average value of 0.484. The expected heterozyogosity ranged from 0.381 to 0.632. STRUCTURE analysis divided the 32 genotypes into three sub-populations. Subsequent phenotyping revealed that all the tolerant genotypes were grouped into one sub-population, whereas the moderately tolerant and susceptible genotypes were grouped into separate sub-populations. Phylogenetic tree constructed by the unweighted neighbour-joining method also divided the genotypes into three clusters. The grouping pattern of genotypes into the clusters was similar to that into the STRUCTURE analysis, on the basis of drought tolerance level. The average value of genetic dissimilarity coefficient among the genotypes was observed to be 0.486. Furthermore, by combining genotyping data with phenotyping data, 16 new donors for 6 qDTYs were identified.  相似文献   

Cytoplasmic male sterile and doubled haploid lines with desirable combining ability enhances the concentration of important antioxidant attributes in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica oleracea</Emphasis>     

Saurabh Singh  Reeta Bhatia  Raj Kumar  Kanika Sharma  Sukanta Dash  S. S. Dey 《Euphytica》2018,214(11):207

The Brassica vegetable crops are rich source of important antioxidant compounds having anticancer and health promoting properties. Development of F₁ hybrids with better nutritional traits is one of the main breeding objectives in different vegetable crops. Our study is the first report of determining heterotic combinations utilizing cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) and doubled haploid (DH) inbred lines for antioxidant compounds in snowball cauliflower. Twenty genetically diverse Ogura CMS lines of cauliflower and six DH male fertile inbred lines were crossed to develop 120 F₁ hybrids in line?×?tester mating design. The resulting 120 test cross progenies along with 26 parents and 4 standard checks were evaluated in 10?×?15 alpha lattice design with three replications during next cropping season. The CMS lines Ogu33-1A, Ogu122-5A and Ogu119-1A were good general combiner and CMS line Ogu118-6A was poor general combiner for majority of traits. Most of the heterotic hybrids were associated with high positive SCA effects. The proportions of σ²A/D and \(\upsigma^{2}_{\text{gca}} /\upsigma^{2}_{\text{sca}}\) ratios were less than unity in all the cases indicating preponderance of non-additive gene action in the genetic control of all the traits. Highest number of heterotic hybrids with SCA effects in desired positive direction was recorded for ascorbic acid content and phenolic content followed by total carotenoid content. The F₁ hybrids with better combining ability and better per se performance could be useful in accumulation of favourable allele for higher concentration of important anti-oxidant compounds.  相似文献