In Vitro Production of Equine Embryos     

Elaine M. Carnevale  Dawn R. Sessions  MS  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012

The development of methods to produce embryos in vitro in the horse has been delayed compared with other domestic species. Oocytes can be collected from excised ovaries or from the small or preovulatory follicles of live mares. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is the only reliable method to fertilize equine oocytes in vitro. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection-produced embryos can be transferred into the oviducts of recipient mares or cultured to the morula or blastocyst stage of development for nonsurgical embryo transfers into recipients' uteri. Embryos cultured in vitro have some morphological differences compared with embryos collected from the mares' uteri. Most notably, the embryonic capsule does not form in culture, and the zona pellucida fails to expand completely. However, embryo produced in vitro can result in viable pregnancies and healthy offspring.  相似文献   

AAFP and ISFM feline-friendly nursing care guidelines     

Carney HC  Little S  Brownlee-Tomasso D  Harvey AM  Mattox E  Robertson S  Rucinsky R  Manley DS 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2012,14(5):337-349

NURSING CARE: The term nursing care means different things to different people. The authors of these AAFP and ISFM Feline-Friendly Nursing Care Guidelines define nursing care as any interaction between the cat and the veterinary team (veterinarian, technician or nurse, receptionist or other support staff) in the clinic, or between the cat and its owner at home, that promotes wellness or recovery from illness or injury and addresses the patient's physical and emotional wellbeing. Nursing care also helps the sick or convalescing cat engage in activities that it would be unable to perform without help. GUIDELINES RATIONALE: The purpose of the Guidelines is to help all members of the veterinary team understand the basic concepts of nursing care, both in the clinic and at home. This includes methods for keeping the patient warm, comfortable, well nourished, clean and groomed. The Guidelines provide numerous practical tips gleaned from the authors' many years of clinical experience and encourage veterinary team members to look at feline nursing care in ways they previously may not have considered. OVERARCHING GOAL: The primary goal of feline-friendly nursing care is to make the cat feel safe and secure throughout its medical experience.  相似文献   

Distribution of red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) antigens in nervous and non-nervous organs of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) during the course of an experimental challenge     

Benjamin Lopez-Jimena  Esther Garcia-Rosado  Kim Dawn Thompson  Alexandra Adams  Carlos Infante  Juan Jose Borrego  Maria del Carmen Alonso 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2012,13(4):355-362

The distribution of red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) antigens was examined by immunohistochemistry in the nervous and non-nervous organs of juvenile European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) during the course of an intramuscular infection. Histological changes resulting from the infection were evaluated from 3 days to 2 months post-infection. The specific antibody response was also studied 2 months post-challenge. Viral proteins were present throughout the experimental period in the retina (inner nuclear layer, ganglion layer, outer limiting membrane, and outer plexiform layer), brain (cerebellum and tectum opticum), and liver (hepatocytes and endothelial cells). These proteins were also observed in the renal tubular cells, white pulp of spleen, and in fibroblasts and cartilage of caudal fin. This is the first report of RGNNV proteins appearing in these organs, where the immunostaining was only detected at certain sampling times after the onset of mortality. Brain and retina of virus-exposed fish showed high levels of vacuolation, while accumulation of fat vacuoles was observed in the liver. RGNNV infection also induced a specific antibody response as measured by an ELISA. In summary, this is the first study demonstrating the presence of viral proteins in cells of caudal fin, kidney and spleen of European seabass.  相似文献   

Mapping land cover in urban residential landscapes using very high spatial resolution aerial photographs     

Salman Al-Kofahi  Caiti Steele  Dawn VanLeeuwen  Rolston St. Hilaire 《Urban Forestry & Urban Greening》2012,11(3):291-301

Accurate information on existing residential landscapes is essential for framing ordinances and monitoring residential water use in the Urban Greenspace Ecosystem. We classified residential landscapes of New Mexico's largest city, Albuquerque, to explore the spatial distribution of residential greenspace and its composition among zip codes and median incomes. Geographic Information System (GIS) vector files including parcels, city limits, zip codes and land-use maps, were integrated with ownership information. The database was stratified by Albuquerque's 16 zip codes. Four hundred eighty residential landscapes were selected randomly for study. Very high spatial resolution (0.15 m) 2008 true color aerial photographs and the object-oriented supervised classification module in ENVI EX were used to identify residential features. Spatial and textural variables, created by image segmentation, were classified using the K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) algorithm embedded in ENVI EX. Classification accuracy was 89%. Larger greenspace, tree, shrub, and grass areas were in larger parcels. Landscapes in lower income groups and older zip codes include larger greenspace and tree cover because of mature tree sizes, while grass dominated landscapes of higher income groups and newer zip codes. This knowledge of residential vegetation distribution could serve as a basis for policy makers, planners, and water conservation officers wishing to enact ordinances and regulations that govern the urban residential landscape.  相似文献   

Exotic pet management for the technician.     

Michelle S Schulte  Agnes E Rupley 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice》2004,7(2):xi-xii

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Reference intervals for select hematologic and plasma biochemical analytes of wild Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) from the St. Lawrence River in New York     

Louis DiVincenti Jr.  Jeff Wyatt  Heather Priest  Dawn Dittman  Rodger Klindt  David Gordon  Andrew Preston  Thomas Smith  Colby Bowman 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2013,42(1):19-26

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What is your diagnosis? Abdominal fluid from a dog     

Aradhana Gupta  Jocelyn Garber  Natalie Fowlkes  Nathalie Rademacher  Keijiro Shiomitsu  Dawn E. Evans  Stephen D. Gaunt 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2013,42(1):113-114

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A blinded,randomized, placebo‐controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of the Janus kinase inhibitor oclacitinib (Apoquel®) in client‐owned dogs with atopic dermatitis     

Sallie B. Cosgrove  Jody A. Wren  Dawn M. Cleaver  Kelly F. Walsh  Stacey I. Follis  Vickie I. King  Jezaniah‐Kira S. Tena  Michael R. Stegemann 《Veterinary dermatology》2013,24(6):587-e142

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Boron and zinc deficiencies and toxicities and their interactions with other nutrients in soybean roots,leaves, and seeds     

Michelle L. Pawlowski  Julian Helfenstein  Emmanuel Frossard 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(6):634-649

In many parts of the world, soils deficient and/or toxic in micronutrients reduce potential soybean (Glycine max) yields. The objective of our study was to grow plants in low to high concentrations of boron (B) and zinc (Zn) to determine how B and Zn deficiencies and toxicities affect soybean growth and interact with other essential nutrients in roots, leaves, and seeds. We found that B significantly affected levels of all essential nutrients except manganese and iron, while Zn significantly affected all essential nutrients in at least one plant tissue tested. Some of the physiological responses and nutrient interactions were cultivar-dependent. This study showed how deficiencies and toxicities of B and Zn affect plant growth and how B and Zn fertility interacts with many of the other essential nutrients.  相似文献   

School food in Mexican children     

Lozada M  Sánchez-Castillo CP  Cabrera GA  Mata II  Pichardo-Ontiveros E  Villa AR  James WP 《Public health nutrition》2008,11(9):924-933

OBJECTIVE: To establish the school eating habits of Mexican children, who are prone to obesity and later to high rates of adult chronic diseases. DESIGN: Questionnaires for students and parents with staff questionnaires and interviews. SETTING: Randomly sampled schools in a socio-economically representative district of Mexico City. SUBJECTS: Subjects were 1504 adolescents aged 10-19 years attending schools in Mexico City, 27 teachers and seven headmasters, sampled from both public and private schools and from the full range of socio-economic groups. RESULTS: Foods brought from home were of a higher nutritional quality than those purchased at school, where purchases were dominated by crisps, soft drinks and other items with high energy density. Girls were more inclined to purchase inappropriately; those from poorer homes purchased less. Private-school students irrespective of socio-economic grade brought more food from home and purchased more expensive food at school. School policies allowed food and drink vendors to market any products within the schools, which benefited financially from these activities. CONCLUSIONS: Current school food policies are conducive to amplifying the current epidemic of obesity and related adult chronic diseases, and need to change.  相似文献