Twitch potentiation: a potential source of error during neuromuscular monitoring with acceleromyography in anesthetized dogs     

Martin-Flores M  Lau EJ  Campoy L  Erb HN  Gleed RD 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2011,38(4):328-335

ObjectiveTo measure twitch potentiation (the staircase phenomenon) in anesthetized dogs, and assess its relevance during neuromuscular monitoring with acceleromyography (AMG).Study designRandomized, prospective clinical trial.AnimalsSixteen dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy.MethodsUnder isoflurane anesthesia, neuromuscular function was monitored with train-of-four (TOF) stimuli every 15 seconds and quantified by AMG. Neuromuscular blockade (NMB) was produced with 0.15 mg kg^?1 atracurium IV. Dogs were randomly divided into two groups; a potentiation group (PG) in which TOF stimulation was applied for 20 minutes before atracurium was administered; and a control group (CG) where no such time was allowed. In both groups, the AMG was calibrated (at tCAL) just before atracurium was administered. TOF stimulation continued throughout the experiment in all dogs. The height of the first twitch (T₁) (expressed as a fraction of T₁ at tCAL) and train-of-four ratio (TOFR) were recorded until TOFR returned to ≥90%.ResultsIn PG, T₁ increased significantly (p = 0.0078) from a median of 102% (range, 95, 109) at baseline to 118% (100, 142) at 20 minutes. In PG, no difference was found between T₁ at tCAL (immediately before atracurium administration) and T₁ when neuromuscular transmission returned (p = 0.42). In the CG, T₁ increased significantly between tCAL and the time neuromuscular transmission returned (p = 0.027). TOFR did not increase during twitch potentiation (all p = 0.32).Conclusions and clinical relevanceT₁ increased significantly during 20 minutes of uninterrupted TOF stimulation in the absence of NMB, establishing that twitch potentiation occurs in anesthetized dogs. With no time for potentiation, T₁ increased during the course of recovery from NMB; this phenomenon introduces a bias in T₁ measurements and could affect studies reporting potency and duration of NMB based on T₁ or single twitches. TOFR was unaltered by potentiation emphasizing its clinical usefulness for excluding post-operative residual NMB.  相似文献   

Cell signaling. Beta-arrestin, a two-fisted terminator     

Grady EF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,315(5812):605-606

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Free access to Landsat imagery     

Woodcock CE  Allen R  Anderson M  Belward A  Bindschadler R  Cohen W  Gao F  Goward SN  Helder D  Helmer E  Nemani R  Oreopoulos L  Schott J  Thenkabail PS  Vermote EF  Vogelmann J  Wulder MA  Wynne R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5879):1011

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Presence of silicon in developing cotton fibers     

Eileen K. Boylston 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(12):1739-1747

Silicon is a necessary element in the development of sane plants. Its presence is known to affect the elongation of jute (Corhorus capsularis) fibers. The concentration of silicon in developing cotton fiber (Gossypium hirsutum L. and Gossypium barbadense L. ) is high during the elongation phase of fiber development and decreases as the fiber matures. Thus, silicon concentration may have an effect on the development of the cotton fiber.  相似文献   

Earliest archeological evidence of fertilization in Central Europe     

Silviane Scharl  Tanja Zerl  Eileen Eckmeier  Renate Gerlach 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2023,186(4):375-382

The beginnings of food production—animal husbandry and crop cultivation—and of a sedentary way of life represent one of the most drastic changes in human history. Likewise, this is accompanied by an increasing human impact on nature, which is mainly caused by agricultural practices. Agriculture is related to the clearing of forests, tillage, maintenance of the cultivated land, and finally harvesting, which alters not only the vegetation cover but also soil fertility as there is a potential risk for a loss of nutrients. People already countered this loss of nutrients in the times of early agriculture through different techniques and practices. The article summarizes the earliest evidence of fertilization in the prehistory of Central Europe and presents the most important methods for their investigation. What significance fertilization had for early farming societies can presently not be estimated due to the small amount of data. We therefore advocate the development of a routine for sampling during archaeological excavations and for the analysis of various materials (sediment and plant remains) using various methods. For this, the awareness must be raised that anthropogenic sediments, such as pit fills, are important archives for research into the history of humankind.  相似文献   

The relationship of chip color with structural parameters of starch     

Eileen P. O’Donoghue  Alejandro G. Marangoni  Rickey Y. Yada 《American Journal of Potato Research》1996,73(12):545-558

Seven potato cultivars (Norchip, Monona, Onaway, Snowden, Atlantic, Saginaw Gold, Novachip) and the seedling ND860-2 differing in their susceptibility to low temperature sweetening were analyzed to determine if starch structural stability parameters could be used to consistently predict and/or monitor chip color (Agtron score) of potatoes during storage at 4 and 12 C. Fresh tissue gelatinization temperature (Tp) was significantly correlated (P≤0.05) with chip color for all cultivars except Onaway, Snowden and Atlantic for tubers harvested in 1993 when stored at 12 C. No correlations existed between Tp of isolated starch and chip color (P>0.05). In 1994 no correlations existed between Tp of fresh tissue, Tp of starch and chip color at either 4 or 12 C (P>0.05). Prediction of chip color based on starch stability parameters was not possible. Starch crystallinity, amylose content and starch granule size distribution could not be used to predict or monitor chip color in stored tubers.  相似文献   

Autophagy and metabolism   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Rabinowitz JD  White E 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6009):1344-1348

Autophagy is a process of self-cannibalization. Cells capture their own cytoplasm and organelles and consume them in lysosomes. The resulting breakdown products are inputs to cellular metabolism, through which they are used to generate energy and to build new proteins and membranes. Autophagy preserves the health of cells and tissues by replacing outdated and damaged cellular components with fresh ones. In starvation, it provides an internal source of nutrients for energy generation and, thus, survival. A powerful promoter of metabolic homeostasis at both the cellular and whole-animal level, autophagy prevents degenerative diseases. It does have a downside, however--cancer cells exploit it to survive in nutrient-poor tumors.  相似文献   

Inheritance of resistance to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Meloidogyne enterolobii</Emphasis> and individual selection in segregating populations of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Psidium</Emphasis> spp     

Vicente Martins Gomes  Rodrigo Moreira Ribeiro  Alexandre Pio Viana  Ricardo Moreira de Souza  Eileen Azevedo Santos  Daniele Lima Rodrigues  Odimar Ferreira de Almeida 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,148(3):699-708

Interaction between the phytonematode Meloidogyne enterolobii and the fungus Fusarium solani has caused direct and indirect losses in the entire guava production chain and consequent extermination of guava plantations throughout Brazil. The combined action of these two pathogens is known as “guava decline”. In order to obtain and assess Psidium spp. interspecific hybrids for resistance to the nematode M. enterolobii, interspecific crosses of P. guineense (susceptible araçá) x P. cattleyanum (resistant araçá); P.guineense (susceptible araçá) x P. guajava (susceptible guava) and P. cattleyanum (resistant araçá) x P. guajava (susceptible guava) were conducted. These crosses resulted in hybrid immune, susceptible and resistant to Meloidogyne enterolobii. The chi-square test rejected the hypothesis of monogenic inheritance with incomplete dominance, which corroborates that this trait has polygenic action. Predictions of genetic values ??and parameters were obtained by the REML / BLUP procedure, at individual level. Finally, the 30 selected individuals (immune and resistant) were obtained, which will be backcrossed with guava for the recovery of the agronomic traits desired and subsequent release of a new cultivar.  相似文献   

Assessing the value and pest management window provided by neonicotinoid seed treatments for management of soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) in the Upper Midwestern United States          下载免费PDF全文

Christian H Krupke  Adam M Alford  Eileen M Cullen  Erin W Hodgson  Janet J Knodel  Brian McCornack  Bruce D Potter  Madeline I Spigler  Kelley Tilmon  Kelton Welch 《Pest management science》2017,73(10):2184-2193

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Behavioral responses of pest mole crickets,Neoscapteriscus spp. (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae), to selected insecticides          下载免费PDF全文

Olga S Kostromytska  Michael E Scharf  Eileen A Buss 《Pest management science》2018,74(3):547-556

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