A portable scanning system for evaluation of spray deposit distribution   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Heping Zhu  Masoud SalyaniRobert D. Fox 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2011,76(1):38-43

Preventing over- or under-spray applications on intended targets require a system to rapidly measure spray coverage and provide spray quality feedback information. A portable scanning system was developed that could quickly evaluate spray deposit distribution and coverage area on deposit collectors such as water sensitive paper or Kromekote^® card. The system is integrated with a handheld business card scanner, deposit collectors, a laptop computer, and a custom-designed software package entitled “DepositScan”. The software is composed of a set of custom plug-ins that are used by an image-processing program (ImageJ) to produce a number of measurements suitable for describing spray deposit distribution. The program worked with the handheld business card scanner to scan spray deposits on the collectors. After scanning the collectors, individual droplet sizes, their distributions, total droplet number, droplet density, amount of spray deposits, and percentage of spray coverage are displayed on the computer screen and saved in a spreadsheet. Spots smaller than 23.9 μm are ignored by DepositScan when 2400 dpi resolution was used. Observations of nominal size spots through a stereoscopic microscope verified the accuracy of the system, and demonstrated that because of pixel limitations, the accuracy of any image-processing program using the pixel recognition technique would decrease as the spot sizes decrease. The portable scanning system offers a convenient solution for on-the-spot evaluation of spray quality under various working conditions.  相似文献   

Association of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection with milk production and calving interval in Iranian Holsteins     

Ansari-Lari M  Haghkhah M  Mahmoodi F 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(5):1111-1116

There are inconsistent results for the association of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection with production and reproduction in dairy cows. Determination of these associations in each region is essential to encourage participation of dairy cattle producers in disease control programs. This study was conducted in Shiraz, southern Iran, to quantify the association of subclinical MAP infection with 305-day milk production and calving interval in Iranian Holsteins. A total of 21 dairy herds were selected for the study and in each herd, quarter milk samples were collected from ten to 12 dairy cows for PCR analysis. Data about parity, calving interval, length of lactation period, total milk production and 305-day milk production were also provided for each animal. Overall, 252 individual milk samples were collected. Herd- and individual-level prevalence of MAP infection were 23.8% (95% CI, 6.2–41.4%) and 3.2% (95% CI, 1.3–5.1%), respectively based on IS900 nested PCR. The results for 305-day milk production revealed a 248 kg reduction in positive cows compared with negative ones (P = 0.009). When cows from positive herds were compared with cows from negative herds, a 335-kg reduction in 305-day milk production (P = 0.005) and a 30-day increase in calving interval (P = 0.057) were observed in the former group. These findings support the previous results that paratuberculosis infection is negatively associated with the performance of the animals.  相似文献   

The selection of superior walnut (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Juglans regia</Emphasis> L.) genotypes as revealed by morphological characterization     

Zahra Rezaei  Ali Khadivi  Babak ValizadehKaji  Ahmadreza Abbasifar 《Euphytica》2018,214(4):69

Walnut (Juglans regia L.), is one of the main economic fruit species in the world and is rich in nutritious substances. In order to obtain superior walnut genotypes, a set of seedling walnut genotypes were evaluated and their results were recorded. The range of nut length was between 25.57 and 47.77 mm. Also, the ranges of nut weight, kernel weight and kernel percentage varied from 5.35 to 21.31 g, 2.49 to 11.15 g and 37.27 to 66.29%, respectively. Simple correlation analysis showed significant positive and negative correlations between some of the measured traits. Principal component analysis reduced the evaluated traits into the seven main components, which explained 71.71% of the total variance. Bi-plot analysis performed using the first two components, distributed the genotypes into four sides of the plot. Based on the present results, a high variation was observed among the trees, indicating a high potential of the studied germplasm to select the superior genotypes. According to the present research, 57 genotypes with having the highest nut weight and kernel weight, as well as bright color of the kernel, were recognized as superior genotypes and can be used to establish the new orchards or improve cultivars.  相似文献   

Growth performance and plasma metabolites in juvenile Siberian sturgeon <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acipenser baerii</Emphasis> (Brandt, 1869) subjected to various feeding strategies at different sizes     

Naghmeh Jafari  Bahram Falahatkar  Mir Masoud Sajjadi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2018,44(5):1363-1374

The effect of various feeding strategies was evaluated on growth performance and biochemical parameters in two sizes of Siberian sturgeon (465.75?±?11.18 and 250.40?±?12 g) during 45 days. Fish were distributed into six experimental treatments including large fish with satiation feeding (LA), small fish with satiation feeding (SA), large fish with 50% satiation feeding (LR), small fish with 50% satiation feeding (SR), large starved fish (LS), and small starved fish (SS). Differences in final weight between LA and LR treatments were not noticeable, whereas SA and SR treatments showed significant differences. Growth parameters were more affected in small fish. In condition factor and weight gain in starved treatments, a considerable reduction occurred by interaction between feeding strategies and fish size, so the lowest values were obtained in SS treatment. Glucose levels significantly decreased in small fish during the starvation. Interaction between feeding strategy and fish size indicated the highest and lowest albumin level in SA and SS treatment, respectively. Cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, and globulin showed no significant differences. It can be deduced that small fish are more sensitive to starvation than the large fish. Since glucose and albumin showed significant decrease in starved small fish, these parameters can help to monitor nutritional status and feeding practices. It was indicated that in both sizes of Siberian sturgeon, feeding 50% satiation reduced the food cost without negative impact on physiological condition, and it can be considered as an appropriate strategy to face unfavorable circumstances.  相似文献   

The Potential of Green Manure Mixtures to Provide Nutrients to a Subsequent Lettuce Crop     

Omid Reza Zandvakili  Elnaz Ebrahimi  Masoud Hashemi  Parisa Akbari 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(19):2246-2255

The objectives of this greenhouse experiment were to quantify the benefits of green manure (GM) diversity and to assess effect of GM on a succeeding lettuce crop. Species included barley (B), field pea (P), sunn hemp (S), and buckwheat (U). Treatments included single plantings of B and P and mixtures of B and P (BP), B, P, and S (BPS), and B, P, S, and U (BPSU). The pea GM had the highest shoot concentration of potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, and iron. Roots had higher concentrations of nutrients than shoots. Accumulation of nutrients in legumes was higher than in barley. The CO₂ flux from the soil suggests that the most intensive mineralization period occurred within two weeks after incorporation of GMs. The mixtures and single planting of P mixtures had a significant benefit over single planting of B regarding fresh and dry weight of the lettuce.  相似文献   

Accumulation and phytoremediation of Pb,Zn, and Ag by plants growing on Koshk lead–zinc mining area,Iran     

Kobra Mahdavian  Seyed Majid Ghaderian  Masoud Torkzadeh-Mahani 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(5):1310-1320

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Role of Clostridium perfringens in causing abomasal ulcers in buffalo     

Mashhadi AR  Ghorbanpour M  Kamali S  Kohli RN 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2010,13(22):1113-1115

In this study, the correlation between abomasal ulcers and presence of Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) was evaluated in 80 (50 affected and 30 non affected) randomly slaughtered buffaloes in Ahvaz slaughterhouse. Immediately after the slaughter, the abomasums was isolated and an incision was made on the wall of it. Then the abomasums were emptied and its interior was washed with water. The inner surface was examined for presence of abnormal lesion. Ulcers from affected and piece of abomasa from non affected buffaloes were cultured. Cultures were also made from contents of all samples and smears were also prepared from affected and non affected tissues. Cultures from content samples (12%) of 50 ulcerated abomasa were positive for C. perfringens while the agents were isolated from 1 content (3.3%) of non ulcerated abomasa. There was no statistical difference between presence of C. perfringens in contents and abomasal ulcers. Totally C. perfringens were isolated from ulcers of 6 (12%) ulcerated and tissues of 3 (10%) non ulcerated cases. Statistical analysis showed no correlation between presences of C. perfringens and abomasal ulcers. There was no statistical difference between sex and age of the affected animals. In conclusion C. perfringens seems not to be solely, a cause ofabomasal ulcers in buffaloes.  相似文献   

Feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukemia virus and Toxoplasma gondii in stray and household cats in Kerman-Iran: Seroprevalence and correlation with clinical and laboratory findings     

Baharak Akhtardanesh  Naser Ziaali  Shirin Rezaei 《Research in veterinary science》2010,89(2):306-310

This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of feline leukemia virus (FeLV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection among stray and owned cats in southeastern Iran and to identify the influence of age, sex, lifestyle, health status, and laboratory findings on seropositivity. The overall infection rate for FIV, FeLV, and T. gondii was 19.2%, 14.2%, and 32.1% respectively. Results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that old adults more likely to be seropositive than juveniles for FIV, FeLV, and T. gondii (adjusted odds ratios [ORs], 1.84, 1.56, and 2.57 respectively). Anemic and diseased cats ([ORs], 6.62 and 0.9) were at a greater risk of testing positive for FeLV. Male cats were 4.91 times as likely to have FIV as were female and hyperglobulinemia was significantly more prevalent in FIV-infected cats ([ORs], 3.4). In conclusion, FIV and FeLV seem to be endemic in Iran and retroviral-associated immunosuppression may be a risk factor for active toxoplasmosis in infected cats.  相似文献   

Effects of various sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) mediums on larval performance of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man)          下载免费PDF全文

Gholamreza Rafiee  Kamran Rezaei Tavabe  Michael Frinsko  Harry Daniels 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(3):725-735

The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) is used to describe the ratio of sodium to calcium and magnesium in water that is very important in both aquaculture and agriculture. SAR treatments including of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 were adjusted in 10‐L containers. Initial larval density was fixed at 100 larvae L^?1 and during the culture period, various larval quality parameters were evaluated. Our findings illustrated that at initial stages of larval development, different SAR treatments affected the larval condition index (LCI), but no influences on larval stage index (LSI) were apparent. Importantly, this process at the final larval stages became reversed. In addition, survival at SAR 30 was 12.4% greater than among any other treatments. The highest larval resistance to stress (191 ± 5 ppm), as measured by the 24‐h LC₅₀ formalin test also was observed for SAR 30, at the 11th larval stage. Analysis indicated that calcium absorption during larval developmental stages is affected by SAR levels in the environment and also showed that the optimal SAR treatment was 30 for Macrobrachium rosenbergii larviculture in inland hatchery brackish water. According to our findings and desired SAR for the environment and agricultural soil (<15), effluent of M. rosenbergii inland hatcheries must be treated at least two times by dilution and adding calcium and magnesium salts.  相似文献   

Effects of ketamine‐diazepam and ketamine‐acepromazine combinations on intraocular pressure in rabbits     

Masoud Selk Ghaffari  Amir P. Moghaddassi 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2010,37(3):269-272

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of ketamine-diazepam and ketamine-acepromazine combinations on intraocular pressure (IOP) in rabbits.Study designRandomized clinical trial.AnimalsSixteen adult New Zealand white rabbits approximately one year old, weighing 2.3 ± 0.2 kg were used in this study.MethodsThe animals were randomly divided into two groups of eight each (KA and KD). The pre-treatment IOPs were recorded in both groups (T0). All rabbits in group KA received intramuscular ketamine-acepromazine (ketamine 30 mg kg^?1+ acepromazine 0.5 mg kg^?1). Ketamine-diazepam (ketamine 30 mg kg^?1 + diazepam 1 mg kg^?1) was administered intramuscularly in members of group KD. The IOP values were measured at 5 (T₅), 15 (T₁₅), and 20 (T₂₀) minutes after drug administration in both treatment groups.ResultsSignificant increases in IOP values were observed in both treatment groups at T_5, T₁₅, and T₂₀ in comparison to the baseline values. In group KA the mean ± SD IOP at T_5, T₁₅, and T₂₀ were 37 ± 13 (p < 0.001), 35 ± 4 (p < 0.001) and 34 ± 4 mmHg (p < 0.001). The post-treatment mean ± sd values in group KD were 23 ± 8 (p = 0.002), 23 ± 5 (p < 0.001) and 23 ± 6 mmHg (p = 0.001) at 5, 15, and 20 minutes respectively.Conclusion and clinical relevanceBoth ketamine-diazepam and ketamine-acepromazine combinations increased IOP after intramuscular administration in rabbits.  相似文献