Volumetric properties of sunflower methyl ester oil at high pressure     

Aparicio C  Guignon B  Rodríguez-Antón LM  Sanz PD 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(18):7394-7398

Biodiesel is an alternative to diesel oil (DO), because it is a fuel obtained from renewable resources that has lower emissions than DO. Biomass production should promote agricultural activity to obtain fuels for the transport sector. The study of the behavior of biodiesel at varying pressure and temperature is very interesting because diesel engines are mechanical systems that work with fuels submitted to high pressure. The specific volume, isothermal compressibility, and cubic expansion coefficients of refined sunflower methyl ester oil (SMEO) and unrefined sunflower methyl ester oil (URSMEO) were obtained and compared with those of DO from 0.1 to 350 MPa and 288.15 to 328.15 K. This work shows that oil refinement did not significantly modify any of the properties studied of the final biodiesel. Compared with DO, both SMEOs were about 6% denser, whereas isothermal compressibility and cubic expansion coefficients were bigger or smaller for DO depending on pressure and temperature.  相似文献   

A new methodology based on GC-MS to detect honey adulteration with commercial syrups     

Ruiz-Matute AI  Soria AC  Martínez-Castro I  Sanz ML 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(18):7264-7269

Honey adulterations can be carried out by addition of inexpensive sugar syrups, such as high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) and inverted syrup (IS). Carbohydrate composition of 20 honey samples (16 nectar and 4 honeydew honeys) and 6 syrups has been studied by GC and GC-MS in order to detect differences between both sample groups. The presence of difructose anhydrides (DFAs) in these syrups is described for the first time in this paper; their proportions were dependent on the syrup type considered. As these compounds were not detected in any of the 20 honey samples analyzed, their presence in honey is proposed as a marker of adulteration. Detection of honey adulteration with HFCS and IS requires a previous enrichment step to remove major sugars (monosaccharides) and to preconcentrate DFAs. A new methodology based on yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) treatment has been developed to allow the detection of DFAs in adulterated honeys in concentrations as low as 5% (w/w).  相似文献   

Integrated pest management of Tuta absoluta: practical implementations across different world regions     

Desneux  Nicolas  Han  Peng  Mansour  Ramzi  Arn&#;  Judit  Br&#;vault  Thierry  Campos  Mateus R.  Chailleux  Anais  Guedes  Raul N. C.  Karimi  Javad  Konan  Kouassi Arthur J.  Lavoir  Anne-violette  Luna  Mar&#;a G.  Perez-Hedo  Meritxell  Urbaneja  Alberto  Verheggen  Fran&#;ois J.  Zappal&#;  Lucia  Abbes  Khaled  Ali  Abid  Bayram  Yunus  Cantor  Fernando  Cuthbertson  Andrew G. S.  De Vis  Raf  Erler  Fedai  Firake  Dnyaneshwar M.  Haddi  Khalid  Hajjar  M. Jamal  Ismoilov  Khasan  Jaworski  Coline C.  Kenis  Marc  Liu  Hao-tian  Madadi  Hossein  Martin  Thibaud  Mazih  Ahmed  J. Messelink  Gerben  Mohamed  Samira A.  Nofemela  Robert S.  Oke  Abiola  Ramos  C&#;sar  Ricupero  Michele  Roditakis  Emmanouil  Shashank  Pathour R.  Wan  Fang-Hao  Wang  Ming-hui  Wang  Su  Zhang  Yi-Bo  Biondi  Antonio 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(1):17-39

Journal of Pest Science - The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), has invaded most Afro-Eurasian countries and is threatening worldwide tomato...  相似文献   

Flower strips adjacent to greenhouses help reduce pest populations and insecticide applications inside organic commercial greenhouses     

Li  Shu  Jaworski  Coline C.  Hatt  Séverin  Zhang  Fan  Desneux  Nicolas  Wang  Su 《Journal of pest science》2021,94(3):679-689

Journal of Pest Science - Flower strips can play an important role in agro-ecosystems by supporting populations of pests’ natural enemies, thereby enhancing biological control. However, few...  相似文献   

Thermal biology of Tuta absoluta: demographic parameters and facultative diapause     

de Campos  Mateus Ribeiro  Béarez  Philippe  Amiens-Desneux  Edwige  Ponti  Luigi  Gutierrez  Andrew Paul  Biondi  Antonio  Adiga  Abhijin  Desneux  Nicolas 《Journal of pest science》2021,94(3):829-842

Journal of Pest Science - The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta, (SATP) is now a devastating pest worldwide of crops in the family Solanaceae. Most prior studies of SATP’s thermal...  相似文献   

Metabolic effects of changes in the dietary protein: carbohydrate ratio in eel (Angilla anguilla) and trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)     

M.D. Suárez  A. Sanz  J. Bazoco  M. García-Gallego 《Aquaculture International》2002,10(2):143-156

The metabolic consequences of the isoenergetic replacement of dietaryprotein by carbohydrates (CHO) were compared in studies of European eel andrainbow trout. Diets with 45/20, 37/30, 29/40 and 21/50 percentprotein/carbohydrate were assessed during a 12-week experiment. The CHO sourcewas pre-gelatinized corn starch. Fish of initial average weight 45gwere fed to satiation twice daily. Weight-gain and feed-efficiency data weregenerally better in trout than in eel, presumably because trout digestibilitycoefficients for protein and energy were higher than in eel. In both species,regardless of physiological differences in digestion and absorption, feedintakeand nutrient digestibility were lower when dietary CHO was higher, but theinter-species differences decreased with increasing dietary CHO.Pyruvate kinase activity (PK) in trout was not affected by dietary CHO content,while blood-glucose and liver-glycogen levels significantly rose withincreasingdietary CHO. In contrast, blood-glucose levels appeared to be regulated ineels,perhaps by an accelerated glycolysis rate, revealed by changes in PK.Gluconeogenic activity was inhibited in trout fed a diet containing20–30%CHO, while in eels this activity was not inhibited by dietary replacement ofprotein by carbohydrate. Liver glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity(G6PDH) was inhibited in trout fed increasing dietary CHO, whereas in eelsG6PDHoperated at a high rate regardless of dietary composition. These results mayindicate that eels have a better capacity for metabolising high-CHO/low-proteindiets than do trout.  相似文献   

Characterisation of camel breeding practices in the Ansongo Region,Mali     

Bakary Traoré  Nassim Moula  Abdoulaye Toure  Bara Ouologuem  Pascal Leroy  Nicolas Antoine-Moussiaux 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(7):1303-1312

Despite its importance in Mali’s economy, camel breeding in the country remains poorly documented, impeding effective policy-making in this regard. This study consisted in a 3-month survey and aimed at characterising camel breeding systems in Ansongo, in the region of Gao, Mali. It highlights the diversity of strategies adopted by breeders and their evolutions. Supplementary feeding and veterinary care were seldom practised. In zones close to the Niger River, cattle were substituted to camels. Transhumance routes also are modified but mobility keeps its vital role in the breeding system. Important differences within the study region in the classification of camel breeds have been reported that will influence the implementation of a collective action for animal genetic improvement. The improvement goals should take the actual management, including mobility and the mixed nature of the herds into account.  相似文献   

Seeding nets with neutral spores of the red alga Porphyra umbilicalis (L.) Kützing for use in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA)     

Nicolas Blouin  Fei Xiugeng  Jiang Peng  Charles Yarish  Susan H. Brawley 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,270(1-4):77-91

Nets in traditional Porphyra mariculture are seeded with conchospores derived from the conchocelis phase, and spend a nursery period in culture tanks or calm coastal waters until they reach several centimeters in length. Some species of Porphyra can regenerate the foliose phase directly through asexual reproduction, which suggests that the time, infrastructure, and costs associated with conchocelis culture might be avoided by seeding nets with asexual spores. Here, we present work from a short-term mariculture study using nets seeded with asexual spores (neutral spores) of a native Maine species of Porphyra. Porphyra umbilicalis (L.) Kützing was selected for this proof of concept research because of its reproductive biology, abundance across seasons in Maine, and evidence of its promise as a mariculture crop. We studied the maturation, release, and germination of the neutral spores to develop an appropriate seeding protocol for nets, followed by development of a nursery raceway to provide an easily manipulated environment for the seeded nets. Neutral spores were produced throughout the year on the central Maine coast; however, there was a temporal variability in the number and survival of released neutral spores, depending upon thallus position in the intertidal zone. Small thalli were strictly vegetative, but most thalli reproduced by neutral spores; sexual reproduction was absent. Neutral spores germinated quickly at 10 and 15 °C, but germination was delayed at 5 °C. Unlike some algal zygotes and spores, neutral spores of P. umbilicalis required light to germinate; however, irradiances of 25 and 100 μmol photons m^− 2 s^− 1 were equally sufficient for germination. Rafts of seeded nets were deployed in Cobscook Bay, Maine, at two distances from salmon aquaculture pens and at a control site on a nearby, fallow aquaculture site (no salmon). There was no difference in nitrogen content of harvested thalli; however, both the density and the surface area of harvested thalli were different among the sites. The possible causes of these differences are discussed in the context of potential use of P. umbilicalis in IMTA.  相似文献   

Effect of epinephrine and seawater turbulence on the metamorphosis of the great scallop     

L. Nicolas  R. Robert  L. Chevolot 《Aquaculture International》1996,4(3):293-297

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Intra-specific variation of wheat grain quality in response to elevated [CO₂] at two sowing times under rain-fed and irrigation treatments     

Nimesha Fernando  Joe Panozzo  Michael Tausz  Robert M. Norton  Glenn J. Fitzgerald  Samuel Myers  Marc E. Nicolas  Saman Seneweera 《Journal of Cereal Science》2014

In order to investigate the intra-specific variation of wheat grain quality response to elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration (e[CO₂]), eight wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)cultivars were grown at two CO₂ concentrations ([CO₂]) (current atmospheric, 389 CO₂ μmol mol⁻¹vs. e[CO₂], FACE (Free-Air CO₂ Enrichment), 550  ±  10% CO₂ μmol mol⁻¹), at two water levels (rain-fed vs. irrigated) and at two times of sowing (TOS₁, vs. TOS₂). The TOS treatment was mainly imposed to understand whether e[CO₂] could modify the effects of timing of higher grain filling temperatures on grain quality. When plants were grown at TOS₁, TKW (thousand kernel weight), grain test weight, hardness index, P, Ca, Na and phytate were not significantly changed under e[CO₂]. On the other hand, e[CO₂] increased TKW (16%), hardness index (9%), kernel diameter (6%), test weight (2%) but decreased grain protein (10%) and grain phytate (11%) at TOS₂. In regard to grain Zn, Mn and Cu concentrations and some flour rheological properties, cultivar specific responses to e[CO₂] were observed at both sowing times. Observed genetic variability in response to e[CO₂] in terms of grain minerals and flour rheological properties could be easily incorporated into future wheat breeding programs to enable adaptation to climate change.  相似文献