Daily incremental lines in sika deer (Cervus nippon) dentine     

Iinuma Y  Suzuki M  Yokoyama M  Tanaka-Nakamura Y  Ohtaishi N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(9):791-795

This work was designed to observe the dentine incremental lines of the sika deer (Cervus nippon) fawns and to investigate their periodicity using the chronological labeling method with fluorochromes. The incremental lines were observed in decalcified specimens stained by Bodian's silver technique, and the fluorescence-labeled lines were observed in undecalcified and ground specimens. In the silver stained specimens, there were two types of lines, deeply stained thick lines and faintly stained minute regular incremental lines. The intervals and staining intensities of the deeply stained thick lines were very similar to those of the fluorescence-labeled lines in the ground specimens obtained from the same tooth, and hence, it appeared that the both lines were identical. The number of minute incremental lines between the deeply stained thick lines was the same as that of days between the time when each fluorescent labeling injection was made. Therefore, it seemed that each minute incremental line was formed each day. The possibility of age estimation in days using diurnal dentine increments was discussed.  相似文献   

Detection of DNA restriction fragment polymorphisms in Streptococcus equi     

Takai S  Anzai T  Yashiro H  Ishii C  Tsubaki S  Wada R  Timoney JF 《The Veterinary record》2000,146(6):159-161

Large-restriction-fragment (LRF) polymorphisms in Streptococcus equi (S equi subspecies equi) were studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Five or six chromosomal fragments of between 194 and 915 kb were separated by digestion with the restriction endonuclease Notl. All 20 isolates of S equi, including 12 from independent Japanese outbreaks, four from independent American outbreaks, two from a single Irish outbreak, us vaccine strain F43, and type strain NCTC 9682 were successfully typed. Seven distinctive, reproducible and stable types were identified. The 12 Japanese isolates collected between 1992 and 1998 were of LRF type II suggesting that they were derived from the same source. The remaining eight isolates were of six types. The results indicate that LRF typing should be a useful technique for investigating the source and transmission of S equi.  相似文献   

Pathogenicity of Rhodococcus equi expressing a virulence-associated 20 kDa protein (VapB) in foals     

Takai S  Anzai T  Fujita Y  Akita O  Shoda M  Tsubaki S  Wada R 《Veterinary microbiology》2000,76(1):71-80

Rhodococcus equi strains of intermediate virulence (IMV) for mice possess a 20kDa protein designated Virulence Associated Protein B (VapB) and a virulence plasmid of 79-100kb, and can be recovered from the submaxillary lymph nodes of pigs. The pathogenicity of such R. equi strains for foals is unknown. In this study, two foals, 42 and 43 days of age, were infected intratracheally with 10(6) and 10(9) cells of R. equi IMV strain A5, respectively. The foal infected with 10(9) cells of strain A5 became clinically ill, with the onset of illness (pyrexia and depression) occurring 21 days after inoculation. R. equi was isolated from the feces and tracheal washings of the foal from 14 to 28 days after inoculation. The foal infected with 10(6) cells of A5 showed no clinical signs, and no R. equi was isolated from any of the samples of feces or tracheal washings during the 28 days of observation. Two foals of 45 and 50 days of age were infected with 10(5) or 10(6) of virulent R. equi ATCC 33701 having 15-17kDa surface proteins designated VapA. Both exhibited severe clinical signs (pyrexia, depression and anorexia) at 12 and 13 days after inoculation. Histopathological examination revealed that strain A5 caused focal granulomatous pneumonia in the foals. R. equi IMV strain A5 was isolated from lung lesions of both foals and from the contents of the intestinal tracts of the foal infected with 10(9) bacteria. These results suggest that IMV R. equi having VapB is less virulent than virulent R. equi having VapA in foals. This finding supports our previous results on the pathogenicities of R. equi strains having these virulence-associated antigens assessed by mouse pathogenicity tests.  相似文献   

Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase in the induction of <Emphasis Type="Italic">StrbohC</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">StrbohD</Emphasis> genes in response to pathogen signals in potato     

Chihiro Yamamizo  Noriyuki Doke  Hirofumi Yoshioka  Kazuhito Kawakita 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(5):304-313

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Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of Corynebacterium (Rhodococcus) equi infection in foals   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

S Takai  S Kawazu  S Tsubaki 《American journal of veterinary research》1985,46(10):2166-2170

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to diagnose Corynebacterium (Rhodococcus) equi infection in foals. In tests done with different antigen-extraction procedures (sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium deoxycholate, polyoxy-ethylene [9] p-tert-octylphenol, polyoxy-ethylene [9-10] p-tert-octylphenol, sonification, homogenization, and heat treatment at 121 C), Tween 20 was a satisfactory reactive antigen. Using hyperimmune rabbit sera or infected foal sera, we investigated the specificity and the sensitivity of the ELISA with the Tween 20 antigen of the different serotypes or of the isolates. Corynebacterium equi strain ATCC 6939 antigen had the best activity for detecting antibodies to C equi in foals. Sera from 218 healthy horses, 11 healthy foals, 17 healthy newborn foals, a foal with suspected C equi infection, and 5 infected foals were evaluated for antibodies to C equi, using ELISA. The optical density values of 206 healthy horses, 17 healthy newborn foals, and 9 healthy foals were less than 0.1. Infected foal sera, except from foal 3, and serum from a foal with suspected C equi infection had higher optical density values. Using ELISA, specific antibodies against C equi were detected in a naturally infected 6-week-old foal after the foal had a rapid increase in the number of bacteria in the feces and after the initial development of clinical signs of illness at 5 weeks of age. Therefore, ELISA was useful for the early diagnosis of C equi infection in foals.  相似文献   

A method for isolation of milled-wood lignin involving solvent swelling prior to enzyme treatment     

J. -Y. Chen  Yuichi Shimizu  Mitsuo Takai  Jusuke Hayashi 《Wood Science and Technology》1995,29(4):295-306

Summary A new lignin isolation method has been developed. Wood and pulp were subjected to ball milling, swelled in an organic solvent, and then treated with a cellulase. The enzyme digestion time could be shortened to 1 day with this method. The lignin obtained has been named Swelled Enzyme Lignin (SEL). Swelling and enzyme digestion conditions and their effects on lignins were investigated. The SEL's from wood could be directly washed with water, while those from pulp had to be washed with aqueous acetic acid because they were water soluble. The purification of crude SEL's was accomplished by extracting them with dioxane-water, and then precipitating and washing with ethyl ether. Lignin yields were 24–67% based on the total amount of lignin present. The characteristics of the SEL's were further investigated by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC), infrared and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.Symbols SUKP Softwood Unbleached Kraft Pulp - BUKP Birch Unbleached Kraft Pulp - TD Todomatsu (Abies sachalinensis) wood - MWL Milled Wood Lignin - MWLS (BK, TD) Milled Wood Lignin of SUKP (BUKP, TD) - SEL-C Swelled Enzyme Lignin (crude) - SELS-C SEL-C of SUKP, other materials named in the same way - SELS-90 SEL-C of SUKP and extracted with 90% dioxane-water - SELS-96 SEL-C of SUKP and extracted with 96% dioxane-water, other materials named in the same way  相似文献   

Detection of monoclonal integration of bovine leukemia virus proviral DNA as a malignant marker in two enzootic bovine leukosis cases with difficult clinical diagnosis     

Saori MIURA  Noriyuki HORIUCHI  Kotaro MATSUMOTO  Yoshiyasu KOBAYASHI  Shin-ichiro KAWAZU  Hisashi INOKUMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(7):883-887

Monoclonal integration of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) proviral DNA into bovine genomes was detected in peripheral blood from two clinical cases of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) without enlargement of superficial lymph nodes. A BLV-specific probe hybridized with 1 to 3 EcoRI and HindIII fragments in these 2 atypical EBL cattle by Southern blotting and hybridization, as well as in 3 typical EBL cattle. The probe also hybridized to a large number of EcoRI and HindIII fragments in 5 cattle with persistent leukosis. These results suggest that the detection of monoclonal integration of BLV provirus into the host genome may serve as a marker of monoclonal proliferation and malignancy in difficult to diagnose EBL cattle.  相似文献   

New Visible Endotracheal Intubation Method Using the Endoscope System for Mice Inhalational Anesthesia     

Kenjiro KONNO  Naoki ITANO  Teppei OGAWA  Mika HATAKEYAMA  Kyoko SHIOYA  Noriyuki KASAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(6):863-868

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Carbon source and trophic position of pelagic fish in coastal waters of south-eastern Izu Peninsula,Japan, identified by stable isotope analysis     

Noriyuki Takai  Noriyuki Hirose  Takuya Osawa  Kazuyuki Hagiwara  Takahito Kojima  Yuji Okazaki  Tomohiro Kuwae  Toru Taniuchi  Kiyoshi Yoshihara 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(3):593-608

ABSTRACT:   It is important to clarify trophic dynamics in marine ecosystems for management of the fishing ground. Organic carbon sources and trophic position of pelagic fishes in the coastal waters of the south-eastern Izu Peninsula, Japan, were examined on the basis of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope distributions. The δ¹³C of the fishes was mostly distributed from −19 to −16‰ for nektonic fishes (13 species of adults and immatures) and planktonic fishes (10 species of larvae and juveniles), close to the δ¹³C values of particulate organic matter and planktonic decapods. These δ¹³C signatures for the inhabitants of the water column were in contrast with the high δ¹³C values (mainly −16 to −13‰) for demersal fishes of Scorpaeniformes and benthic polychaetes collected in the surf zone. These results indicate that nektonic and planktonic fishes depend on phytoplankton for carbon supply. The δ¹⁵N signatures suggest that the trophic position ranged 3.1–4.5 for the nektonic fishes and 2.9–3.7 for the planktonic fishes, premised on trophic level 3 for larval Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus . Thus, planktivorous fishes should be mainly assigned to trophic levels 3 and 4 in this area.  相似文献   

Role of sodium bicarbonate on the initiation of sperm motility in the Japanese eel   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Satoru  TANAKA  Tomoko  UTOH  Yoshiaki  YAMADA  Noriyuki  HORIE  Akihiro  OKAMURA  Atsushi  AKAZAWA  Naomi  MIKAWA  Hideo P  OKA  Hisashi  KUROKURA 《Fisheries Science》2004,70(5):780-787

ABSTRACT:   In order to find out the role of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) on the initiation of sperm motility in the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica , interactions were investigated between NaHCO₃ and various reagents (K⁺ channel blocker 4-aminopyridine [4-AP], ammonium chloride [NH₄Cl], sodium acetate and calcium chloride [CaCl₂]) that could regulate internal factors (intracellular K⁺, intracellular pH [[pH]_i] and intracellular Ca²⁺) in sperm motility. Contradictory effects of NaHCO₃ were observed (i.e. an inhibitory effect when 4-AP was absent and a promoting effect when 4-AP was present). Sodium bicarbonate inhibited the initiation of sperm motility in the Japanese eel. However, NaHCO₃ restored the motility of immotile sperm that 4-AP inhibited. The inhibitory effect of NaHCO₃ disappeared with the addition of NH₄Cl, which raised [pH]_i, but the promoting effect was not affected by [pH]_i. Although NaHCO₃ recovered motility in the presence of 4-AP, this recovery was also observed with the addition of CaCl₂ instead of NaHCO₃. In the initiation of sperm motility in the Japanese eel, two roles for NaHCO₃ are suggested: an inhibitory role relating to the regulation of [pH]_i and a promoting role relating to the uptake of another initiation factor, which could be Ca²⁺.  相似文献