Polymeric procyanidins as radical-scavenging components in red-hulled rice   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Oki T  Masuda M  Kobayashi M  Nishiba Y  Furuta S  Suda I  Sato T 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(26):7524-7529

The extracts from white-, black-, and red-hulled rice were prepared by sequential extraction with six different polar solvents, and their radical-scavenging activities were measured by methods using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH*) and tert-butyl hydroperoxyl radical (t-BuOO*). The extracts prepared with highly polar solvents, methanol and deionized water, exhibited higher DPPH* and t-BuOO* scavenging activities in all three cultivars. In addition, the acetone extract from red-hulled rice exhibited a high DPPH* and t-BuOO* scavenging activity, while no such activity was detected for the acetone extracts from white- and black-hulled rice. The major components responsible for the radical scavenging in the acetone extract from red-hulled rice were identified as procyanidins by acidic hydrolysis, vanillin assay, and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. GPC analysis of the acetylated procyanidins revealed that the average molecular weight is about 5000, in a range of about 500-18,000.  相似文献   

Pipecolic acid in rumen fluid and plasma in ruminant animals     

Hazizul HUSSAIN-YUSUF  Halima SULTANA    Toshihiro TAKAHASHI    Tetsuo MORITA    Hiroyuki SATO    Hisao ITABASHI  Ryoji ONODERA 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(3):187-193

A survey was conducted to investigate the physiological levels of pipecolic acid (Pip) in rumen fluid and plasma of ruminants such as goats and cattle in the presence or absence of rumen protozoa. The concentration of Pip was determined using HPLC. Basal Pip levels in the rumen fluid and plasma of normal faunated animals were 21 ± 8 and 2.3 ± 1.3 µM, respectively, and levels increased 1–2 h after feeding. The Pip levels in the rumen fluid and plasma of faunated goats and cattle were significantly higher than those of defaunated goats and unfaunated cattle. A small amount of Pip was also found in the rumen fluids of the defaunated and unfaunated animals; this appeared to be derived from feeds such as hay cube and corn silage. The results obtained in the present study suggest that a significant amount of rumen‐produced Pip is likely to be absorbed into the plasma of the host animals and that rumen protozoa significantly enhance the concentration of Pip in the rumen fluid and plasma of ruminant animals.  相似文献   

The coat protein of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato mosaic virus</Emphasis> L<Subscript>11</Subscript>Y is associated with virus-induced chlorosis on infected tobacco plants     

Jun Ohnishi  Katsuyuki Hirai  Ayami Kanda  Tomio Usugi  Tetsuo Meshi  Shinya Tsuda 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(4):297-306

The L₁₁Y strain of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) causes severe chlorosis on infected tobacco leaves. Sequencing analysis for the genome showed that L₁₁Y contained multiple nucleotide changes and that some led to amino acid substitutions, when compared with that of the common L strain of ToMV. The chimeric virus, which has the CP of L₁₁Y in the context of the L strain RNA genome, caused severe chlorosis on infected tobacco plants, suggesting that the CP of L₁₁Y containing three amino acid changes (E33S, A86T and E97K) was the determinant of the chlorosis. Two of these amino acid changes (A86T and E97K) were associated with the induction of chlorosis when present together in the CP. Severe destruction and deformation of chloroplasts and the formation of discrete dark-staining materials adjacent to chloroplasts were observed with electron microscopy in L₁₁Y-infected plants. Fewer virus particles accumulated in the cytoplasm of L₁₁Y-infected plant cells. The level of accumulation of CP subgenomic RNA and CP in the infected protoplasts was similar between L and L₁₁Y. Fewer virus particles accumulated in L₁₁Y-infected protoplasts, and many of them were shorter-than-full-length. The nucleotide sequence data reported is available in DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases as accession AB355139.  相似文献   

Infectivity of porcine circovirus 1 and circovirus 2 in primary porcine hepatocyte and kidney cell cultures     

Hirai T  Nunoya T  Ihara T  Saitoh T  Shibuya K  Nakamura K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(2):179-182

Infectivity of porcine circovirus (PCV) 1 and PCV2 was examined in primary porcine hepatocyte culture by comparing that of PCV in primary kidney cell culture. The virus titer of PCV2-infected hepatocyte cultures was higher than that of the PCV1-infected hepatocyte cultures and the PCV-infected kidney cell cultures. The number of virus-positive cells was most abundant in PCV2-infected hepatocyte cultures as determined by immunohistochemistry and/or in situ hybridization. The results of our data suggest that PCV2 preferably infects cultured hepatocytes as observed in the liver of pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome.  相似文献   

Characterization of macrolide-resistant Campylobacter coli isolates from food-producing animals on farms across Japan during 2004     

Harada K  Asai T  Kojima A  Sameshima T  Takahashi T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(10):1109-1111

We investigated the susceptibilities against 7 antimicrobial agents in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli isolates from food-producing animals in 2004. In comparison with the results of past surveillance, no significant difference was observed in resistance rates against all of the antimicrobials tested in Campylobacter isolates. However, slight increase of erythromycin (EM) resistance was found in C. coli isolates from pigs. We examined the mutation of the 23S rRNA gene and their susceptibilities against azithromycin, tylosin, and lincomycin in 44 EM-resistant isolates and 28 susceptible isolates of porcine origin. All the EM-resistant isolates contained A2075G in the 23S rRNA gene and showed cross-resistance to azithromycin, tylosin, and lyncomycin.  相似文献   

Detection of aac(6’)-Ib-cr in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates in Japan     

Michiko KAWANISHI  Manao OZAWA  Mototaka HIKI  Hitoshi ABO  Akemi KOJIMA  Tetsuo ASAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2013,75(11):1539-1542

  相似文献   

Biochemical,physiological, and molecular characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dickeya dianthicola</Emphasis> (formerly named <Emphasis Type="Italic"> Erwinia chrysanthemi</Emphasis>) causing potato blackleg disease in Japan     

Taketo Fujimoto  Shinji Yasuoka  Yoshiyuki Aono  Takato Nakayama  Takehiro Ohki  Mitsuru Sayama  Tetsuo Maoka 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(2):124-136

The taxonomic assignment of Japanese potato blackleg isolates of Dickeya spp. has not been confirmed after the changes in their former name, Erwinia chrysanthemi. Therefore, we investigated and identified 23 representative isolates of Dickeya spp. from symptomatic stems of potatoes in Japan, with biochemical tests and phylogenetic sequence analysis using recA, dnaX, rpoD, gyrB, and 16S rDNA sequences. Results of our biochemical tests showed that all isolates can be assigned to phenon 5 and biovar 1, which are associated with D. dianthicola. Based on the recA, dnaX, rpoD, gyrB, and 16S rDNA sequences, all isolates are in the same clade with D. dianthicola and were clearly distinguished from D. chrysanthemi, D. dadantii, D. dadantii subsp. dieffenbachiae, D. solani, D. zeae, and D. paradisiaca. Therefore, we conclude that Dickeya spp. isolated from potatoes with blackleg symptoms in Japan are D. dianthicola.  相似文献   

Genotype distribution and allele frequencies of the genes associated with body composition and locomotion traits in Myanmar native horses          下载免费PDF全文

Yu Okuda  Hla Hla Moe  Kyaw Kyaw Moe  Yuki Shimizu  Kenji Nishioka  Takeshi Shimogiri  Hideyuki Mannen  Misao Kanemaki  Tetsuo Kunieda 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(8):1198-1203

Myanmar native horses are small horses used mainly for drafting carts or carriages in rural areas and packing loads in mountainy areas. In the present study, we investigated genotype distributions and allele frequencies of the LCORL/NCAPG, MSTN and DMRT3 genes, which are associated with body composition and locomotion traits of horses, in seven local populations of Myanmar native horses. The genotyping result of LCORL/NCAPG showed that allele frequencies of C allele associated with higher withers height ranged from 0.08 to 0.27, and 0.13 in average. For MSTN, allele frequencies of C allele associated with higher proportion of Type 2B muscular fiber ranged from 0.05 to 0.23, and 0.09 in average. For DMRT3, allele frequencies of A allele associated with ambling gait ranged from 0 to 0.04, and 0.01 in average. The presences of the minor alleles of these genes at low frequencies suggest a possibility that these horse populations have not been under strong selection pressure for particular locomotion traits and body composition. Our findings of the presence of these minor alleles in Southeast Asian native horses are also informative for considering the origins of these minor alleles associated with body composition and locomotion traits in horse populations.  相似文献   

Genetic variability of maternal effect on body measurements and its intra‐ and inter‐genetic relationship with direct effect in Japanese Black calves     

Tahmina MUNIM  Takuro OIKAWA  Takayuki IBI  Tetsuo KUNIEDA  Md. Azharul HOQUE 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(3):199-206

This study was conducted to evaluate the importance of maternal effect on body measurement traits at an early stage of growth, and to estimate the genetic relationships between direct and maternal effects and among body measurement traits at 0 month (0‐mo) and 4 months (4‐mo) of age in a population of Japanese Black calves. Body measurements and body weight of 889 Japanese Black calves were estimated with the use of an animal model by the Residual Maximum Likelihood procedure. Direct heritabilities were low to moderate, ranging between 0.17 ± 0.09 and 0.48 ± 0.13 at 0‐mo, and slightly lower, ranging between 0.15 ± 0.07 and 0.33 ± 0.13 at 4‐mo. Estimated maternal heritabilities were low to moderate, ranging between 0.08 ± 0.07 and 0.33 ± 0.07 at 0‐mo and 0.13 ± 0.06 to 0.33 ± 0.06 at 4‐mo. The direct genetic correlations between 0‐mo and 4‐mo were moderate to highly positive, ranging from 0.53 ± 0.23 to 0.96 ± 0.09. The estimated direct genetic correlation of chest width with other width traits was low and positive at both ages, whereas with hip width it was high and positive (0.80 ± 0.09) at 0‐mo, suggesting that simultaneous improvement of body width of the front and back parts is possible. Maternal genetic effects were relatively independent of direct genetic effects for body measurement traits and can be considered in genetic evaluation.  相似文献   

A case of congenital hyperostosis in a newborn piglet     

Uetsuka K  Suzuki T  Ogawa H  Sato H  Doi K  Nunoya T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(2):259-262

One female newborn piglet showed prominent thickening of both forelimbs and died soon after birth. Histopathologically, thin and woven trabeculae of bone was extending out from the edge of cortical bone in the affected forelimbs, and diagnosed as congenital hyperostosis. The extent of radially proliferated trabeculae was most prominent in radioulna. Many round- to spindle-shaped cells were observed in periosteum, which were considered to be osteoblasts. Around the periosteum, the mesenchymal proliferation was extensive with abundant mucus, and cartilaginous metaplastic changes were observed mainly around the radioulna and humerus. Dilatation of vessels with fibrin deposition in vessel walls was often observed, which were considered to reflect the localized circulatory disturbance.  相似文献