First occurrence of periosteal chondroma (juxtacortical chondroma) in Uromastyxmaliensis (Reptilia: Sauria: Agamidae)     

Gál J  Jakab C  Balogh B  Tóth T  Farkas B 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2007,55(3):327-331

The occurrence of a periosteal chondroma (juxtacortical chondroma) in an adult male Uromastyx maliensis is documented for the first time. The chondroma developed near the right shoulder joint from the periosteal membrane, causing partial atrophy in the surrounding skeletal muscles. In the chondroma tissues widespread central necrosis and secondary calcium salt deposition were observed. Monomorphic chondrocytes were irregularly spread in the chondromucin matrix. The lizard had locomotor problems due to irritation of the periosteum and reduced movement of the bones constituting the shoulder joint caused by the chondroma.  相似文献   

SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE AGRONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF DIPTERA DAMAGE TO GRASSES     

Tibor I.  Emecz 《Grass and Forage Science》1960,15(4):315-322

Shoot-fly larvae cause considerable damage to cultivated grasses; it is greatest when overwintering tillers are lost, resulting in delayed emergence, decreased number of flowering heads and reduced yield of dry matter.
An increase in the number of tillers, which often follows the damage, cannot counter-balance the losses because the new tillers are smaller.
Different varieties within species, and different genotypes within varieties, show varying degrees of susceptibility to damage, and of capacity to recover from it. Favourable growing conditions promote recovery and reduce losses.
Non-cultivated grasses and unploughed leys are sources of infection, not only to cereals but also to cultivated grasses, and it is advisable not to put single plants or seed areas adjacent to old swards. The glasshouse is a special source of infection as it provides conditions favourable for the flies to produce extra generations at unusual times.
The importance of further investigations and the development of more economical protective techniques is stressed.  相似文献   

Cryopreservation of Sperm of Farmed European Eel Anguilla anguilla   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tamás  Müller Béla  Urbányi Balázs  Váradi Tibor  Binder Péter  Horn Miklós  Bercsényi Ákos  Horváth 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2004,35(2):225-231

Sexual maturation and sperm release were induced in farmed European eels Anguilla anguilla kept exclusively in fresh water by using two dosages of human chorion gonadotropin (100 International Unit (IU)-Group one and 250 IU/individual per week-Group two). Sperm release took over 13 wk in both groups. The quality of sperm was investigated on the eighth, ninth, and tenth wk. The average cell densities were 0.94 ± 0.4 × 1010 (Group one) and 0.93 to. ± 0.6 × 10¹⁰ (Group two) spermatozoa/mL. The estimated motility of eel sperm was 33, 55, and 49% on the eighth, ninth, and tenth wk of treatment, respectively. The estimated average motility of samples selected for cryopreservation was 73 ± 10%, while the post-thaw motility of cryopreserved samples was 36 ± 11%. The extender originally developed for common carp sperm crypreservation together with methanol as cryoprotectant was found suitable for the cryopreservation of European eel sperm.  相似文献   

Metabolism of fatty acids in fish. II. Biosynthesis of fatty acids in relation to diet in the carp, Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758     

Tibor Farkas  István Csengeri  Ferenc Majoros  János Oláh 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1978,14(1):57-65

Carp, weighing 15–25 g, were maintained in the laboratory on a control diet, or on diets prepared from wheat or corn, and the incorporation of sodium (1?¹⁴C)-acetate into their liver total fatty acids as well as into liver triglycerides and phospholipids was followed. The control diet was characterized by a high concentration of total lipids and linolenic acid, and the other two feeds by a low concentration of total lipids including linolenic acid and high concentration of carbohydrates. The highest rate of fatty acid biosynthesis was observed in fish given the corn diet, and the lowest rate was found in the carp on the control diet. Levels of radioactivity became very high in triglycerides of corn-fed fish. The major products of fatty acid biosynthesis were palmitic and oleic acids, in the corn-fed fish, while in the control fish almost 50% of the total radioactivity was in the long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The degree of labeling of oleic and palmitic acids appeared to depend on the level of linolenic acid in the diet. The results suggest that about 1% of linolenic acid in the diet is required to keep lipogenesis at a low level as well as to prevent hyperproduction of oleic acid. Linoleic acid seems to play a subordinate role in regulating lipogenesis in carp liver.  相似文献   

The contribution of dominance and inbreeding depression in estimating variance components for litter size in Pannon White rabbits     

I. Nagy  G. Gorjanc  I. Curik  J. Farkas  H. Kiszlinger  Z. Szendrő 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2013,130(4):303-311

In a synthetic closed population of Pannon White rabbits, additive (V_A), dominance (V_D) and permanent environmental (V_Pe) variance components as well as doe (b_Fd) and litter (b_Fl) inbreeding depression were estimated for the number of kits born alive (NBA), number of kits born dead (NBD) and total number of kits born (TNB). The data set consisted of 18,398 kindling records of 3883 does collected from 1992 to 2009. Six models were used to estimate dominance and inbreeding effects. The most complete model estimated V_A and V_D to contribute 5.5 ± 1.1% and 4.8 ± 2.4%, respectively, to total phenotypic variance (V_P) for NBA; the corresponding values for NBD were 1.9 ± 0.6% and 5.3 ± 2.4%, for TNB, 6.2 ± 1.0% and 8.1 ± 3.2% respectively. These results indicate the presence of considerable V_D. Including dominance in the model generally reduced V_A and V_Pe estimates, and had only a very small effect on inbreeding depression estimates. Including inbreeding covariates did not affect estimates of any variance component. A 10% increase in doe inbreeding significantly increased NBD (b_Fd = 0.18 ± 0.07), while a 10% increase in litter inbreeding significantly reduced NBA (b_Fl = ?0.41 ± 0.11) and TNB (b_Fl = ?0.34 ± 0.10). These findings argue for including dominance effects in models of litter size traits in populations that exhibit significant dominance relationships.  相似文献   

Hardwiring the brain: endocannabinoids shape neuronal connectivity     

Berghuis P  Rajnicek AM  Morozov YM  Ross RA  Mulder J  Urbán GM  Monory K  Marsicano G  Matteoli M  Canty A  Irving AJ  Katona I  Yanagawa Y  Rakic P  Lutz B  Mackie K  Harkany T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5828):1212-1216

The roles of endocannabinoid signaling during central nervous system development are unknown. We report that CB(1) cannabinoid receptors (CB(1)Rs) are enriched in the axonal growth cones of gamma-aminobutyric acid-containing (GABAergic) interneurons in the rodent cortex during late gestation. Endocannabinoids trigger CB(1)R internalization and elimination from filopodia and induce chemorepulsion and collapse of axonal growth cones of these GABAergic interneurons by activating RhoA. Similarly, endocannabinoids diminish the galvanotropism of Xenopus laevis spinal neurons. These findings, together with the impaired target selection of cortical GABAergic interneurons lacking CB(1)Rs, identify endocannabinoids as axon guidance cues and demonstrate that endocannabinoid signaling regulates synaptogenesis and target selection in vivo.  相似文献   

Saturnine gout: lead-induced formation of guanine crystals   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

W R Farkas  T Stanawitz  M Schneider 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1978,199(4330):786-787

Intravenous injection of a sublethal dose of lead acetate into a domestic pig resulted in a 4.5-fold increase of guanine in the urine, indicating an impairment in the conversion of guanine to xanthine. This impairment is probably due to the inhibition of guanine aminohydrolase (guanase), since the activity of this enzyme is inhibited by Pb2+ (the inhibition constant being 3.0 X 10(-6)M). Postmortem histological examination revealed concretions of crystalline material in the epiphyseal plate of the femoral head. Extraction of the section containing the concretions showed that they were guanine. The relation of these findings to saturnine gout is discussed.  相似文献   

Direct and indirect effects of resource quality on food web structure     

Bukovinszky T  van Veen FJ  Jongema Y  Dicke M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5864):804-807

The diversity and complexity of food webs (the networks of feeding relationships within an ecological community) are considered to be important factors determining ecosystem function and stability. However, the biological processes driving these factors are poorly understood. Resource quality affects species interactions by limiting energy transfer to consumers and their predators, affecting life history and morphological traits. We show that differences in plant traits affect the structure of an entire food web through a series of direct and indirect effects. Three trophic levels of consumers were influenced by plant quality, as shown by quantitative herbivore-parasitoid-secondary parasitoid food webs. We conclude, on the basis of our data, that changes in the food web are dependent on both trait- and density-mediated interactions among species.  相似文献   

Assemblage level monitoring of stream fishes: The relative efficiency of single-pass vs. double-pass electrofishing     

Pter Sly  Tibor Er&#x;s  Pter Takcs  Andrs Speczir  Istvn Kiss  Pter Bír 《Fisheries Research》2009,99(3):315

The relative efficiency of single-pass electrofishing of longer stream sections vs. double-pass electrofishing of shorter reaches was evaluated in small (<5 m wide) wadable lowland streams in the Lake Balaton basin, Hungary. Two hundred meters long stream sections at 8 sites were divided into ten 20 m long sampling units each. These units were used to estimate the representativeness of species richness, species composition and relative abundance data at each level of sampling effort (single vs. double-pass, and number of sampling units pooled) using rarefaction and similarity-based approaches. Assemblage variables showed strong response to the length of the stream sampled (number of sampling units pooled). However, no differences were found between the single- and double-pass methods at any level of sample size for any assemblage variable. Estimates of species richness and species occurrence distributions required more sampling effort than estimates of species relative abundances, using any evaluation method. If a proxy estimate of sample representativeness cannot be obtained in the field, a minimum sampling of single-pass electrofishing of 100 m long sections may be necessary even in small wadable streams with low level of habitat and assemblage diversity to get a relatively unbiased picture on assemblage characteristics.  相似文献   

Effects of cultivar and processing method on the contents of catechins and procyanidins in grape juice     

Fuleki T  Ricardo-Da-Silva JM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(3):640-646

The aim of the presented work was to study the effect of pressing method, pasteurization, cultivar, and vintage on the content of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and nine procyanidins in grape juice. The results showed that the concentration of these flavan-3-ols in the juice was influenced, in decreasing order of importance, by pressing method, cultivar, pasteurization, and vintage. Cold pressing without maceration was the least and hot pressing after maceration at 60 degrees C for 60 min the most effective method for extracting the flavan-3-ols. Pasteurization increased the concentration of catechins in cold-pressed juices, but it decreased concentrations in hot-pressed juices. The concentration of most procyanidins was increased by pasteurization. Among the white cultivars, Seyval and Niagara were highest in procyanidins and Elvira and Chardonnay were highest in catechins. Vincent, Foch, and Baco were the red cultivars highest in catechins, and Vincent also had the highest content of procyanidins.  相似文献