Semen Technologies in Dog Breeding: an Update     

FJ Peña  I Núñez-Martínez  JM Morán 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2006,41(S2):21-29

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Attempted transmission of dermatophilosis in saltwater crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus)     

GN BUENVIAJE  PW LADDS  RG HIRST  PM SUMMERS  JM MILLAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(7):495-496

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Diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide up-regulate the expression of the pi class of glutathione S-transferase via an AP-1-dependent pathway     

Tsai CW  Chen HW  Yang JJ  Sheen LY  Lii CK 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(3):1019-1026

Garlic organosulfur compounds are recognized as potential chemopreventive compounds. This protection is related to the induction of phase II detoxification enzymes. We previously reported that diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) up-regulate the gene expression of the pi class of glutathione S-transferase (GSTP) and that an enhancer element named GPE I is required for this induction. In the present study, we further investigated the signal pathway involved in DADS and DATS up-regulation of this detoxification enzyme in Clone 9 cells. Cells were cultured with 25-200 micromol/L of DADS or DATS for 24 h. Western and Northern blots showed that both garlic allyl sulfides concentration dependently induced GSTP protein and mRNA expression, respectively. Changes in GST activity toward ethacrynic acid were consistent with the increase in GSTP expression (P < 0.05). Electromobility gel shift assay showed that the DNA binding activity of nuclear activator protein-1 (AP-1) is concentration-dependently increased in the presence of DADS and DATS as compared with that of the control cells. The phosphorylation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), but not of p38, was stimulated in the presence of both garlic allyl sulfides. Pretreatment with SP600125 and PD98059, which are JNK and ERK inhibitors, respectively, abolished the increase in AP-1-DNA binding activity and also the induction of GSTP protein by either allyl sulfide. Our results indicate that the effectiveness of DADS and DATS on GSTP expression is likely related to the JNK-AP-1 and ERK-AP-1 signaling pathways and, thus, that DADS and DATS enhance the binding of AP-1 to GPE I.  相似文献   

Metabolic protein patterns and monascorubrin production revealed through proteomic approach for Monascus pilosus treated with cycloheximide     

Lin WY  Chang JY  Tsai PC  Pan TM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(14):5559-5568

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Baicalein induction of hydroxyl radical formation via 12-lipoxygenase in human platelets: an ESR study     

Chou DS  Lee JJ  Hsiao G  Hsieh CY  Tsai YJ  Chen TF  Sheu JR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(3):649-655

The pro-oxidant activities of baicalein, morin, myricetin, quercetin, and rutin were examined in various cell-containing systems including human platelets, rat vascular smooth muscle cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), human THP-1 cells, and fibroblast cells. Electron spin resonance (ESR) results showed that only baicalein generated hydroxyl radicals in a resting human platelet suspension, whereas the other flavonoids showed no effects on any of the resting cell systems. A low concentration of arachidonic acid (AA) increased the intensity of hydroxyl radicals, but a high concentration inhibited it. Collagen and thrombin, platelet aggregatory agents that can cause the release of AA by platelets, enhanced baicalein-induced hydroxyl radical formation, whereas ADP and U44619 showed no significant effects. Quinacrine and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic trifluoromethyl ketone, both PLA2 inhibitors, significantly attenuated baicalein-induced hydroxyl radical formation. These results suggest that baicalein-induced hydroxyl radical formation is associated with AA metabolite enzymes in human platelets. The formation of hydroxyl radicals was significantly inhibited by lipoxygenase inhibitors including nordihydroguaiaretic acid, (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epicatechin gallate, and hinokitiol, but was not affected by desferroxamine or the heme protein inhibitors KCN and NaN3. On the other hand, semiquinone free radicals were generated when baicalein was incubated with horseradish peroxidase/H2O2 or platelets/AA. The semiquinone radicals formed in the platelets/AA system could be extensively inhibited by desferroxamine, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, KCN, and NaN3, indicating that prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS)-peroxidase may be involved. The results of this study led to the proposal that baicalein induces hydroxyl radical formation via 12-lipoxygenase and induces semiquinone radical formation via PGHS-peroxidase in human platelets.  相似文献   

Assessment of the potential relationship between egg quality and infectious bronchitis virus infection in Australian layer flocks     

KA Hewson  T Robertson  PA Steer  JM Devlin  AH Noormohammadi  J Ignjatovic 《Australian veterinary journal》2014,92(4):132-138

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Influence of Temperament Score and Handling Facility on Stress,Reproductive Hormone Concentrations,and Fixed Time AI Pregnancy Rates in Beef Heifers     

R Kasimanickam  S Schroeder  M Assay  V Kasimanickam  DA Moore  JM Gay  WD Whittier 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):775-782

The objectives were (i) to evaluate the effect of temperament, determined by modified 2‐point chute exit and gait score, on artificial insemination (AI) pregnancy rates in beef heifers following fixed time AI and (ii) to determine the effect of temperament on cortisol, substance‐P, prolactin and progesterone at initiation of synchronization and at the time of AI. Angus beef heifers (n = 967) at eight locations were included in this study. At the initiation of synchronization (Day 0 = initiation of synchronization), all heifers received a body condition score (BCS), and temperament score (0 = calm; slow exit and walk or 1 = excitable; fast exit or jump or trot or run). Blood samples were collected from a sub‐population of heifers (n = 86) at both synchronization initiation and the time of AI to determine the differences in serum progesterone, cortisol, prolactin and substance‐P concentrations between temperament groups. Heifers were synchronized with 5‐day CO‐Synch+ controlled internal drug release (CIDR) protocol and were inseminated at 56 h after CIDR removal. Heifers were examined for pregnancy by ultrasound 70 days after AI to determine AI pregnancy. Controlling for synchronization treatment (p = 0.03), facility design (p = 0.05), and cattle handling facility design by temperament score interaction (p = 0.02), the AI pregnancy differed between heifers with excitable and calm temperament (51.9% vs 60.3%; p = 0.01). The alley‐way with acute bends and turns, and long straight alley‐way had lower AI pregnancy rate than did the semicircular alley‐way (53.5%, 56.3% and 67.0% respectively; p = 0.05). The serum hormone concentrations differed significantly between different types of cattle handling facility (p < 0.05). The cattle handling facility design by temperament group interactions significantly influenced progesterone (p = 0.01), cortisol (p = 0.01), prolactin (p = 0.02) and substance‐P (p = 0.04) both at the initiation of synchronization and at the time of AI. Inter‐ and intra‐rater agreement for temperament scoring were moderate and good (Kappa = 0.596 ± 0.07 and 0.797 ± 0.11) respectively. The predictive value for calm and pregnant to AI was 0.87, and excited and non‐pregnant to AI was 0.76. In conclusion, the modified 2‐point temperament scoring method can be used to identify heifers with excitable temperament. Heifers with excitable temperament had lower AI pregnancy. Further, cattle handling facility design influenced the temperament and AI pregnancy.  相似文献   

Determination of Feeder Cell‐Based Cellular Niches Supporting the Colonization and Maintenance of Spermatogonial Stem Cells from Prepubertal Domestic Cat Testes     

JI Yun  HJ Park  MH Park  MS Kim  JH Choi  E Lee  SP Gong  JM Lim  ST Lee 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(5):705-710

Recently, isolation and in vitro culture of putative spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in the domestic cat have been conducted. However, the cellular niche conditions that facilitate the establishment and long‐term maintenance of feline SSCs (FSSCs) have not been described. Therefore, we investigated the type of feeder cells used to stimulate colony formation and growth of FSSCs among the various factors in the FSSC niche. Spermatogonial stem cells isolated from feline testes were cultured on mitotically inactivated testicular stromal cells (TSCs) derived from cats, dogs and mice, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The formation and growth of colonies derived from SSCs cultured on each type of feeder cell were identified at passage 0, and the morphology, alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity and expression of SSC‐specific genes in surviving colonies were investigated at passage 4. Among these diverse feeder cells, TSCs from cat showed the greatest colony formation, growth and maintenance of FSSCs, and SSC colonies cultured by passage 4 showed a typical dome‐shaped morphology, AP activity and expression of SSC‐specific genes (NANOG, OCT4, SOX2 and CD9). Accordingly, these results demonstrate that feline TSCs could be used as feeder cells to support the establishment and maintenance of SSCs from domestic cats.  相似文献   

The wheat germ agglutinin binding sites and development of the mitochondria-rich cells in gills of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)     

J.C. Tsai  P.P. Hwang 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1998,19(1):95-102

By labelling with gold-colloid-conjugated wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), the WGA-binding sites were identified in the apical region of certain mitochondria-rich (MR) cells in gills of freshwater-adapted tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). Bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) injection was used to discern the differentiation of the WGA binding sites during development of MR cells. Double labeling of gill sections of fish 2, 4, 6, and 8 days after a single BrdU injection showed that the BrdU labeled MR cells 2 and 4 days after injection were mostly WGA negative, whereas 6 and 8 days after injection, WGA and BrdU-labeled MR cell increased gradually in number. Furthermore, the ratio of the WGA-positive to total MR-cells was higher in gills of tilapia adapted to low calcium ([Ca] = 0.015 mm) freshwater than in hard freshwater ([Ca] = 1.898 mm). The results indicate that WGA binding site may be a marker expressed late during differentiation of MR cells, and physiologically functional in assisting uptake of calcium when environmental calcium is low. According to their WGA binding and also characteristics their likely function in calcium absorption, the WGA positive MR cells shown in this study are considered to be similar to the cells described by Pisam et al. (1995).  相似文献   

Lactococcus garvieae, a cause of disease in grey mullet, Mugil cephalus L., in Taiwan     

S-C Chen  L-L Liaw  H-Y Su  S-C Ko  C-Y Wu  H-C Chaung  Y-H Tsai  K-L Yang  Y-C Chen  T-H Chen  G-R Lin  S-Y Cheng  Y-D Lin  J-L Lee  C-C Lai  Y-J Weng  S-Y Chu 《Journal of fish diseases》2002,25(12):727-732

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