Staggers in horses grazing paspalum infected with Claviceps paspali     

AJ Cawdell-Smith  CJ Scrivener  WL Bryden 《Australian veterinary journal》2010,88(10):393-395

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Leukotrienes Affect Secretory Function of Ovarian Cells In Vitro*     

AJ Korzekwa  TJ Acosta  M Miklewicz  K Okuda  SH Lee  DJ Skarzynski 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(6):e288-e296

The aim of this study was to determine which cells are the source of production and target for leukotriene (LTs) action within the bovine ovary. Luteal (CL, days 14–16 of the oestrous cycle), steroidogenic cells (LSC) and endothelial cells (LEC) of the bovine corpus luteum (CL), and granulosa cells (GC) were isolated enzymatically, cultured in a monolayer and incubated with LTC₄, LTB₄, Azelastine (an antagonist of LTC₄) or Dapsone (an antagonist of LTB₄). Then cells were collected for determination of mRNA expression for LT receptors (LTRs) and 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LO) by real time RT‐PCR, and media were collected for determination of prostaglandin (PG)E₂, F_2α, progesterone (P4; LSC only), endothelin‐1 (ET‐1; LEC only) and 17‐β oestradiol (E2; GC only). The greatest mRNA expression for LTR‐II and 5‐LO were found in LEC, whereas LTR‐I mRNA expression did not differ among cell types. The level of PGE₂ increased after LTs treatment in each type of ovarian cell, excluding LTC₄ treatment in LEC. The secretion of PGF_2α was also increased by LTs, but decreased after LTB₄ treatment of LSC. In GC cultures, both LTs stimulated E2 secretion; in LEC cultures, LTB₄ stimulated whereas LTC₄ inhibited P4 secretion; in LEC cultures, LTC₄ stimulated but LTB₄ inhibited ET‐1 secretion. The results show that LTs are produced locally and are involved in PGs production/secretion in all examined cells (LSC, LEC and GC) of bovine ovary. Leukotriene treatment modulate secretion of E2, by GC, P4 by LSC and ET‐1 by LEC, which indicates that LTs are involved in regulation of ovarian secretory functions.  相似文献   

Field validation of chlordecone soil sequestration by organic matter addition     

Florence Clostre  Thierry Woignier  Luc Rangon  Paula Fernandes  Alain Soler  Magalie Lesueur-Jannoyer 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2014,14(1):23-33

Purpose

The use of chlordecone (CLD) has caused pollution of soils, which are now a source of contamination for crops and ecosystems. Because of its long-term impacts on human health, exposure to CLD is a public health concern and contamination of crops by CLD must be limited. To this end, we conducted field trials on chlordecone sequestration in soil with added compost.

Materials and methods

The impact of added compost on chlordecone sequestration was measured in nitisols. After characterization of the soil, the transfer of chlordecone from soil to water was assessed in a leaching experiment and from soil to two crop plants in a nitisol plot. Finally, to understand the underlying processes, changes in CLD content were measured in soil fractions and soil porous properties were assessed after the addition of compost.

Results and discussion

A rapid seven-fold decrease in water extractable CLD was observed in amended soils. Five percent amendment led to a significant reduction in the contamination of crops by CLD; edible radish tubers were 50% more contaminated without added compost and cucumber fruits were 60% more contaminated. After the addition of compost, CLD content increased in the fraction of pre-humified or partially mineralized organic debris. Finally, in contrast to andosols, adding compost to nitisols did not affect the soil microstructure.

Conclusions

Increasing chlordecone sequestration by adding compost could be an alternative solution until soil decontamination techniques become available. This could be a provisional way to control further release of CLD from contaminated soils towards other environmental compartments.  相似文献   

Expression of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF‐A) and its Receptors in the Umbilical Cord in the Course of Pregnancy in the Pig     

M Chruściel  AJ Zięcik  A Andronowska 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(3):434-443

The umbilical cord (UC) and the placenta are important organs through which respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes and biologically active substances are exchanged between the maternal and the foetal system. A rapid placental vascularization observed in the second half of pig pregnancy is positively correlated with the mRNA expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Based on these findings, we hypothesized that VEGF may have a stimulatory effect in the dynamically growing UC. To further understand the role of the VEGF–VEGFR system during UC development, mRNA and protein expression as well as the cellular localization of VEGF‐A, VEGFR‐1 and VEGFR‐2 in UC were examined on days 40, 60, 75 and 90 of pregnancy and after physiological delivery in the pig (day 114 of pregnancy). Real Time RT‐PCR analysis showed an increase in the mRNA levels of VEGF120 and VEGF164 from day 90 of pregnancy. VEGFR‐1 mRNA expression was significantly increased on day 75 of pregnancy. No significant changes in VEGFR‐2 mRNA expression were detected. In turn, western blot analysis revealed an increase in VEGF‐A protein expression on day 40, compared to the later days of pregnancy. A rapid increase in the VEGFR‐1 protein level was noted on day 75 and 90 of gestation. No significant changes in VEGFR‐2 protein expression were detected on any of the analysed days of pregnancy. Immunohistochemical staining enabled detection of VEGF–VEGFR system, in endothelial and tunica media cells of the umbilical vessels and in allantoic duct and amniotic epithelium on all analysed days of pregnancy. Positive reactions for VEGF‐A and VEGFR‐1, but not VEGFR‐2, were also observed in myofibroblasts. In conclusion, this data shows that members of the VEGF–VEGFR system are temporally and spatially well localized for playing key roles during umbilical cord formation and its intensive growth observed after day 75 of pregnancy.  相似文献   

Response of Thawed Epidi dymal Red Deer Spermatozoa to Increasing Concentrations of Hydrogen Peroxide,and Importance of Individual Male Variability     

AE Domínguez‐Rebolledo  F Martínez‐Pastor  AF Bisbal  JL Ros‐Santaella  O García‐Álvarez  A Maroto‐Morales  AJ Soler  JJ Garde  MR Fernández‐Santos 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(3):393-403

Oxidative stress represents a challenge during sperm manipulation. We have tested the effect of increasing hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels on red deer spermatozoa after cryopreservation, and the role of male‐to‐male variation in that response. In a first experiment, eight thawed samples were submitted to 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μm H₂O₂ for 2 h at 37°C. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (H₂DCFDA‐CM) increased with H₂O₂ concentration, but we only detected a decrease in sperm function (motility by CASA and chromatin damage by sperm chromatin structure assay) with 200 μm . Lipoperoxidation assessed by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) method increased slightly with 50 μm H₂O₂ and above. In a second experiment, samples from seven males were submitted to 0 and 200 μm H₂O₂ for 2 h, triplicating the experiment within each male. Males differed at thawing and regarding their response to incubation and H₂O₂ presence. We found that the kinematic parameters reflected male‐to‐male variability, whereas the response of the different males was similar for lipid peroxidation and viability. A multiparametric analysis showed that males grouped differently if samples were assessed after thawing, after incubation without H₂O₂ or after incubation with H₂O₂. Red deer spermatozoa are relatively resilient to H₂O₂ after thawing, but it seems to be a great male‐to‐male variability regarding the response to oxidative stress. The acknowledgement of this individual variability might improve the development of optimized sperm work protocols.  相似文献   

What is your diagnosis? Testicular torsion     

Boza S  de Membiela F  Navarro A  Escobar MT  Soler M  Agut A 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2011,238(1):37-38

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Impact of acute conjunctivitis on ocular surface homeostasis in dogs     

Lionel Sebbag  Elizabeth A. Soler  Rachel A. Allbaugh  Jonathan P. Mochel 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2020,23(5):828-833

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Effects of topical treatment of cannabidiol extract in a unique manuka factor 5 manuka honey carrier on second intention wound healing on equine distal limb wounds: a preliminary study     

VC McIver  AS Tsang  NE Symonds  NR Perkins  E Uquillas  CM Dart  LB Jeffcott  AJ Dart 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(6):250-255

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Use of rotational periosteal flaps in primary repair of sinofacial fractures in seven horses     

K Gustafsson  AJ Tatz  R Dahan 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2020,68(2):119-125

ABSTRACT

Case history: Medical records were reviewed of horses (n?=?7) undergoing surgery for fracture of one or more facial bones extending into the paranasal sinuses that was repaired primarily within 24 hours of the time of injury using a rotational periosteal flap, between April 2009 and May 2017. A kick from another horse was the cause of the injury of three horses, and one horse was injured when it collided with a tree. The cause of the injury of three horses was unknown.

Clinical findings and treatment: Fractures were of the right maxillary bone in two horses, the left maxillary bone in two horses, the left frontal and left nasal bones in two horses, and the right frontal bones in one horse. The fracture of all but one horse was accompanied by an open wound. The fracture of all seven horses was reduced, stabilised, and covered with a rotational, periosteal flap. Surgery was carried out while standing in six horses, and while anesthetised in one horse. All horses had a deficit in the fractured facial bones after the fracture was reduced. Four horses had complications following surgery, but all horses were reported to have excellent cosmetic outcomes and had retuned to their previous level of activity, as reported by their owners.

Clinical relevance: Covering a primarily repaired sinofacial fracture of a horse with a rotational periosteal flap resulted in good cosmetic outcomes, and may be especially beneficial if the fracture is accompanied by loss of bone.  相似文献   

DETERMINATION OF FOLIAR SAMPLING CONDITIONS AND STANDARD LEAF NUTRIENT LEVELS TO ASSESS MINERAL STATUS OF LOQUAT TREE     

Ana Quiñones  Esteban Soler  Francisco Legaz 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(2):284-298

Loquat [Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.] is a minor fruit-tree species which is grown commercially in the Mediterranean region. Given the current increase in loquat cultivation, there is a need to define basic crop-management procedures in order to obtain high yields and optimal fruit quality. The aim of this work was to develop a routine for loquat farmers to follow, in order to know the nutritional status of trees in order to establish a rational fertilization regime, and to correct nutrient deficiencies as soon as possible. This paper reports three experiments aimed at establishing: 1) leaf type, 2) time of leaf sampling and 3) the standard leaf nutrient levels as a function of maximum yield. Results indicate that the summer flush leaves could be the most representative of nutritional status. Thus, the most appropriate time to sample leaves for analysis is in summer (beginning of August to the end of September), taking mature 3–4 month old leaves.  相似文献