水氮供应对地下滴灌紫花苜蓿生长特征及草地小气候的影响     

胡伟  张亚红  李鹏  刘瑞  蔡伟  王小菊 《草业学报》2018,27(12):122-132

为探讨不同水氮处理条件下紫花苜蓿生长状况与草地小气候特征的关系,以2年生紫花苜蓿“巨能7号”为研究对象,采用田间试验和室内分析相结合的方法,研究了宁夏引黄灌区地下滴灌条件下不同滴灌量和施氮量处理下紫花苜蓿生长特征和草地小气候的变化。结果表明:1)滴灌量和施氮量对紫花苜蓿的株高、叶面积和鲜草产量都有显著的影响,表现为紫花苜蓿的株高、叶面积和鲜草产量均随滴灌量和施氮量的增加而增加,当施氮量增加到一定值时,继续增施氮肥,其鲜草产量增产效果在不同滴灌量处理下表现出不同的趋势。2)与不施氮处理相比,增施氮肥降低了紫花苜蓿株间空气温度、浅层土层温度和株间光照强度,而增加了群体内部空气相对湿度。3)不同滴灌量对紫花苜蓿的生长微环境的调节作用不同,随着滴灌量的增加,紫花苜蓿群体相对湿度逐渐提高,而紫花苜蓿株间气温和浅层土层温度降温效应越明显。4)紫花苜蓿生育期间株高与叶面积、草产量和群体内部相对湿度呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与群体内光照强度、株间气温、浅层土壤温度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。合理减少滴灌量和施氮量不仅能维持紫花苜蓿良好的生长特征,而且能提高鲜草产量和改善草地生态环境条件。本研究旨在为紫花苜蓿群体微环境生态因子的改善及高产优质栽培措施提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Spermatic and oxidative profile of domestic cat (Felis catus) epididymal sperm subjected to different cooling times (24, 48 and 72 hours)          下载免费PDF全文

DSR Angrimani  KK Nagai  BR Rui  LC Bicudo  JDA Losano  MM Brito  MCP Francischini  M Nichi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):163-170

Cooling stored epididymal samples for several days allows facilities to transport and process genetic material post‐mortem. Improvements to this practice allow the preservation of sperm from domestic cats, which are the ideal study model for wild felids. However, the modifications in spermatic features and the oxidative profile are not fully understood in cats. This information is necessary for the development of biotechniques, such as new extenders for cryopreservation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the spermatic and oxidative profile in samples from the epididymal cauda of domestic cats cooled at 5°C for 24, 48 and 72 hr. Spermatozoa were collected from the epididymis cauda. Evaluations consisted of computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA), plasma membrane integrity (eosin/nigrosin), acrosome integrity (fast green/rose bengal), sperm morphology, sperm DNA integrity (toluidine blue), mitochondrial activity (3′3 diaminobenzidine), activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), measurement of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and protein oxidation. A decrease in sperm motility parameters was observed after 72 hr of cooling (i.e. total and progressive) with a higher percentage of minor (37.7 ± 6.3%) and total defects (53.4 ± 6.3%). Additionally, a decrease in high mitochondrial activity (Class I: 16.6 ± 2.2%) occurred after 72 hr. The decrease in motility rates after a long cooling time probably was caused by the increase in sperm abnormalities. A long cooling time causes cold shock and mitochondrial exhaustion, but there was no observed change with the oxidative stress condition. Therefore, cat epididymal sperm stored at 5°C appear to maintain a high quality for up to 48 hr of cooling time.  相似文献   

A fast,low‐cost and efficient method for the diagnosis of sperm DNA fragmentation in several species          下载免费PDF全文

BR Rui  DSR Angrimani  LC Bicudo  JDA Losano  M Nichi  RJG Pereira 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):171-175

Sperm DNA fragmentation is a condition that interferes directly in the reproductive efficiency. Currently, there are several methods for assessing the sperm DNA integrity, such as Alkaline Comet, TUNEL and Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay. However, many of these techniques are laborious and require high‐precision equipment. Thus, the development of new techniques can optimize the evaluation of sperm DNA damage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to standardize the toluidine blue (TB) stain technique for the analysis of DNA fragmentation of dog, cat, bull, stallion and ram spermatozoa. For this purpose, we used six animals of each specie (n = 30), in reproductive age. Sperm was collected by different methods according to the particularities of each species, and such samples were divided into two aliquots: a sperm sample was kept at 5°C (considered as intact sperm DNA), and the remaining samples were submitted to the induction of DNA fragmentation by exposure to ultraviolet light for 4 hr. Samples were then mixed with the intact sample to obtain known and progressive proportions of sperm with fragmented DNA (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Semen smears were performed and subjected to staining with TB. Blue‐stained spermatozoa were considered to have DNA fragmentation. We observed high linear regression coefficients between the expected proportion of damaged DNA and the results of TB for dog, cat, ram, bull and stallion samples. In conclusion, TB stain was considered a fast and effective technique for the study of spermatozoa DNA in several species.  相似文献   

极细链格孢激活蛋白对大豆光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数及产量的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邸锐  杨春燕 《华北农学报》2017,32(1)

为探讨激活蛋白对大豆生长、产量的影响,以大豆冀豆17为研究对象,利用光合仪与称重法测量了不同浓度极细链格孢激活蛋白(1,2,3,4,5,6μg/m L)处理后大豆的光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数及产量。结果表明,随着施用的极细链格孢激活蛋白浓度的增加,大豆叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率、最大光化学量子效率(Fv/Fm)、有效量子效率(ΦPSⅡ)和光化学猝灭系数(q P)呈先上升后下降的趋势。施用1,2,3,4μg/m L浓度的极细链格孢激活蛋白不仅提高了大豆叶绿素含量,而且增加了大豆叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率,同时还能提高叶绿素荧光的最大光化学量子效率(Fv/Fm)、有效量子效率(ΦPSⅡ)和光化学猝灭系数(q P)。其中以3,4μg/m L浓度的处理效果最好。施用更高浓度的激活蛋白(5,6μg/m L),上述光合特性与叶绿素荧光促进效果下降或者消失。施用中浓度激活蛋白(3,4μg/m L)大豆产量增加了11.21%~14.76%。结果表明,喷洒合适浓度的极细链格孢激活蛋白是一种促进大豆增产的有效措施。  相似文献   

亚龙湾海域生态旅游及环境保护     

吴瑞 《热带作物学报》2016,(3):53-54

从地理位置、水质及沉积物、红树林、珊瑚礁海岸等方面介绍亚龙湾生态自然环境特点，分析其生态旅游发展现状、形式及成效，提出对亚龙湾生态环境保护的建议。  相似文献   

椰子组培研究四十年     

穆治华  李志瑛  刘蕊  范海阔 《热带作物学报》2020,41(11):2335-2345

组织培养对于椰子快速繁殖以及全球椰子产业发展具有重要意义。本文就40年来国内外在椰子组培快繁技术,包括椰子组培技术的重要性,不同外植体如胚芽、花序、子房等在组织培养中的应用与优劣,不同培养基和培育环境对组培效果的影响等要素,进行了详细的总结和讨论。同时总结了椰子组培快繁技术的进展,分析了目前限制椰子组培快繁技术发展的因素,提出了应对策略与具体建议。本文对椰子快繁技术及椰子种质资源保存具有参考价值。  相似文献   

不同固定条件对几种植物样品超微结构的影响     

李叶  黄华平  邓睿  张新春  崔艳梅  卢雪莲  林培群 《热带作物学报》2016,37(11):2100-2105

为比较几种固定条件对不同植物材料样品电镜超微结构图像清晰度的影响。以3个不同科属4种植物[油棕(Elaeis gineansis Jacq.)、拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana.)、花生(Arachis hypogaea Linn.)、柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensias Sw.)]为研究主体代表,探讨了2.5%戊二醛与4%戊二醛固定过夜、锇酸固定2 h及过夜的制备方法对其叶片超微结构的影响,并成功观察了柱花草接种胶苞炭疽野生型菌株CH008后的病菌侵入过程。结果表明:油棕、拟南芥、花生及柱花草叶片经4%戊二醛与1%锇酸固定液固定过夜,其组织成像的效果均较为理想,各种细胞器整体信息丰富、结构组织完好、线条清晰。表明,此制备方法能够较好的保存植物叶片和细胞组织,提高制样的成功率及观察分辨率。  相似文献   

“互联网+农业”模式下食用菌的营销策略     

梁锐 《中国食用菌》2021,(2):144-146,150

在"互联网+农业"融合发展背景下,食用菌企业需要借助互联网,构建市场主导、数字驱动的全新营销战略,助力产品营销。以"互联网+农业"模式为研究视角,分析食用菌产品营销现状,提出发挥技术优势、挖掘用户需求和建设优质平台等营销建议,以助力食用菌产品市场营销与效益转化。  相似文献   

胡萝卜联合收获机单圆盘对顶切割装置设计与试验   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王金武  关睿  高鹏翔  周文琪  唐汉 《农业机械学报》2020,51(9):73-81

针对胡萝卜联合收获过程中对顶切割装置作业后胡萝卜损伤率高、切净率低等问题,设计了一种单圆盘对顶切割装置,并阐述了其主要结构及工作原理。在统计分析胡萝卜基本物理特性的基础上,通过理论计算确定了斜拉式导向齐平对顶机构的两对齐基板间距、拉齐区长度和对齐基板斜边角度等主要结构参数,达到胡萝卜茎叶精准拉齐的目的。以螳螂前肢胫节曲线为原型,将拟合优化后的曲线形状应用至圆盘动割刀和直割刀刃口上,构建切割机构-胡萝卜茎叶力学模型,分析其满足胡萝卜被高效切断的条件。对圆盘割刀进行运动学分析,建立圆盘割刀前进方向的运动学模型,确定影响装置工作性能的因素为胡萝卜输送速度和圆盘割刀转速。以胡萝卜收获机夹持输送皮带轮转速(胡萝卜输送速度)和圆盘割刀转速为试验因素,以胡萝卜根茎损伤率、茎叶切净率、切割平整度为试验指标,进行了二因素五水平二次正交旋转组合试验,通过对试验结果进行分析优化,确定最佳参数组合。结果表明,当胡萝卜收获机夹持输送皮带轮转速为113 r/min、圆盘割刀转速为156 r/min时,对顶切割装置性能最优,此时胡萝卜损伤率均值为0.53%、切净率均值为95.41%、平整度均值为94.10%。对优化结果进行田间试验验证,验证结果与优化结果基本一致,作业过程中装置工作平稳。  相似文献   

大肠杆菌多重耐药株与敏感株蛋白质组差异分析     

赵霞  李锐  高海侠 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,48(1):40-48

【目的】研究临床分离的大肠杆菌多重耐药株(R)与大肠杆菌标准株ATCC 25922(S)蛋白质差异表达情况,为进一步研究大肠杆菌耐药机理奠定基础。【方法】采用串联质谱标签(tandem mass tag,TMT)法结合平行反应监测(parallel reaction monitoring,PRM)技术,对大肠杆菌R和S株的全菌体蛋白进行定量蛋白质组学研究,筛选大肠杆菌多重耐药株(S)与敏感株(R)之间的差异表达蛋白,并对其生物信息学进行分析。【结果】共筛选出300个差异表达蛋白(Fold change≥1.3,P0.05),其中上调167个,下调133个,涉及的耐药相关通路主要包括细菌趋药性、ABC转运蛋白、β-内酰胺抗性等;PRM成功定量到13个差异蛋白,且PRM验证结果与TMT定量结果一致。【结论】筛选出多个与大肠杆菌耐药性相关的差异表达蛋白和通路。  相似文献