Differences in hematologic variables in rats of the same strain but different origin     

Kampfmann I  Bauer N  Johannes S  Moritz A 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2012,41(2):228-234

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A retrospective study of the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical manifestations of 5 dogs originally diagnosed histologically as necrotizing scleritis     

Denk N  Sandmeyer LS  Lim CC  Bauer BS  Grahn BH 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2012,15(2):102-109

Purpose To describe the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical manifestations of canine necrotizing scleritis. Methods A retrospective examination of the clinical records and samples of ocular tissues from five dogs with a histological diagnosis ‘necrotizing scleritis’ was completed. Archived, formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded samples and two control globes were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Gram, periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) and Masson trichrome stains, and they were immunohistochemically labeled for CD3, CD18, and CD20. Results Of the five cases reviewed, only two could be confirmed as idiopathic necrotizing scleritis. The other three cases were retrospectively diagnosed as unilateral focal, non‐necrotizing scleritis, one as episcleritis and the third was scleritis secondary to a proptosed globe based on our retrospective clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical evaluations. In these two cases, idiopathic necrotizing scleritis manifested as a bilateral, progressive, inflammatory disease of the sclera and cornea that induces significant uveitis. Light microscopic examination confirmed collagen degeneration and granulomatous inflammation. There was no evidence for an infectious etiology based on Gram’s and PAS stainings. Immunohistochemical labeling revealed a predominance of B cells in idiopathic, bilateral necrotizing scleritis. Tinctorial staining abnormalities with Masson’s trichrome stain were present in scleral collagen of the two cases with idiopathic necrotizing scleritis as well as a case of secondary traumatic scleritis. Conclusions Based on a limited number of cases, idiopathic canine necrotizing scleritis shares similar histopathological features with non‐necrotizing scleritis and episcleritis; however, necrotizing scleritis is B‐cell‐dominated and bilateral, and significant collagen alterations manifest with Masson’s trichrome stain.  相似文献   

Hemodynamic effects of sevoflurane in spontaneously breathing cats     

BH  Pypendop  JE Ilkiw  JA Bolich 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2003,30(2):105-106

Sevoflurane has recently been introduced in feline anesthesia. However, its cardiovascular effects have not, to our knowledge, been reported in this species. Six healthy cats, aged 1.81 ± 0.31 years (mean ± SEM) and weighing 3.47 ± 0.11 kg, were studied. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen. Body temperature was maintained between 38.5 and 39.55 °C. After instrumentation, end‐tidal sevoflurane concentration was randomly set at 1.25, 1.5, and 1.75 times the individual minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), determined in a previous study, according to a Latin Square Design. Thirty minutes of stabilization was allowed after each change of concentration. ECG and heart rate, systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures, central venous pressure (CVP), and core body temperature were continuously monitored and recorded. Inspired and end‐tidal oxygen, carbon dioxide, and sevoflurane concentrations were measured using a Raman spectrometer, calibrated every 80 minutes with three calibration gases of known sevoflurane concentration (1, 2, and 5%). Moreover, at selected times, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure and cardiac output (thermodilution) were measured, and arterial and mixed venous blood samples were collected for pH and blood gas analysis, hemoglobin concentration, hemoglobin oxygen saturation, packed cell volume (PCV) and total protein determination, and lactate concentration measurement. Cardiac index (CI), stroke index (SI), systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance indices, rate‐pressure product, left and right ventricular stroke work indices (LVSWI and RVSWI, respectively), arterial and mixed venous oxygen contents, oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption, and oxygen utilization ratio were calculated. Data were analyzed by a Repeated Measure Latin Square Design followed by a Tukey's test for 2 × 2 comparisons. Arterial pH significantly decreased from 7.40 ± 0.05 to 7.29 ± 0.07 with the administration of increasing concentrations of sevoflurane. Similarly, LVSWI decreased from 3.72 ± 0.60 to 2.60 ± 0.46 g m^?2. Mean arterial pressure, PaO₂, mixed venous pH, CI, SI, and oxygen delivery tended to decrease dose‐dependently, whereas CVP, PaCO₂, Pv CO₂, PCV, and arterial and mixed venous hemoglobin concentrations tended to increase dose‐dependently with the administration of sevoflurane. However, these trends did not reach statistical significance, possibly because of the limited number of animals studied. Sevoflurane seemed to induce dose‐dependent cardiovascular depression in cats.  相似文献   

Baylisascariosis—Infections of animals and humans with ‘unusual’ roundworms     

Christian Bauer 《Veterinary parasitology》2013

The nematode genus Baylisascaris (order Ascaridida, superfamily Ascaridoidea) contains nine relatively host-specific, parasite species of carnivores, omnivores, herbivores, carnivorous marsupials or rodents. They have a facultative heteroxenous life cycle, at least under experimental conditions. Eggs passed in faeces embryonate in the environment and the second-stage larva infective for both definitive and intermediate hosts develops. In intermediate hosts larvae migrate extensively through tissues, where they grow and moult to the third-stage, causing extensive damage. All Baylisascaris spp. are considered a potential cause of visceral, ocular and/or neural larval migrans in mammals including humans and in birds. This paper summarises our current knowledge on the prevalence, biology, pathogenicity and zoonotic significance of three Baylisascaris species: B. transfuga, B. schroederi and B. procyonis which have as definitive hosts bears, giant pandas and raccoons (occasionally dogs), respectively.  相似文献   

Equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis in three horses in Australia     

CW Spelta  JE Axon  A Begg  ISI Diallo  JB Carrick  CM Russell  NM Collins 《Australian veterinary journal》2013,91(7):274-280

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Myophosphorylase deficiency (glycogen storage disease Type V) in a herd of Charolais cattle in New Zealand: Confirmation by PCR-RFLP testing     

AC Johnstone  KD McSporran  JE Kenny  IL Anderson  GR MacPherson  RD Jolly 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):404-408

AIM: To describe a disease of muscle in Charolais calves and confirm the putative diagnosis of inherited myophosphorylase deficiency.

METHODS: Variously stained paraffin sections of muscle prepared from affected calves were used to describe the lesions. A polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) test was developed and applied to affected calves, their sires, dams and other individuals.

RESULTS: The lesions were those of rhabdomyolysis of skeletal muscles and sub-sarcolemmal spaces in normal fibres. The PCR-RFLP test confirmed the expected mutation for phosphorylase deficiency of Charolais cattle in two affected calves. In addition, sires, dams and other closely-related individuals of four affected calves tested as heterozygous for the mutation. Other apparently unrelated animals also tested as heterozygous.

CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of myophosphorylase deficiency was confirmed. The PCR-RFLP test is suitable for use in controlling this recessively-inherited disorder as it can diagnose heterozygous individuals that are otherwise clinically normal.  相似文献   

Evaluation of von Willebrand Factor During Pregnancy,Lactation and Oestrous Cycle in Bitches Affected and Unaffected by von Willebrand Disease     

CRS Mattoso  RK Takahira  SL Beier  JP Araujo Jr  JE Corrente 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(3):416-422

Plasmatic concentrations of von Willebrand Factor (vWF) increase during pregnancy in humans and dogs; however the mechanism of such increase is still not well defined. The aims of this study were: (i) to evaluate changes in vWF concentration during pregnancy and during the subsequent oestrous cycle in bitches affected and unaffected by von Willebrand Disease (vWD); (ii) to correlate the vWF levels and cortisol levels in both groups. Seven vWD affected (GI) and nine unaffected (GII) bitches were used. The animals were assessed during pregnancy, parturition, lactation and non‐gestational oestrous cycle in 11 moments (Pregnancy 1, Pregnancy 2, Parturition, Lactation 1, Lactation 2, Lactation 3, Anestrus, Proestrus, Oestrus, Diestrus 1, and Diestrus 2). The following tests were performed; measurement of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag), albumin and cortisol. In both groups, vWF concentration remained stable during the non‐gestational oestrous cycle, but increased during pregnancy, with the highest value observed at parturition. Increases of 70% and 124% in vWF were seen in GI and GII, respectively, compared to anestrus. No correlation was found between vWF and cortisol. Values of vWF:Ag changed during pregnancy, with a peak at parturition, both in vWD affected and unaffected animals. Values of vWF were not altered in the different phases of the oestrous cycle following pregnancy in both groups. Evaluation of vWF during pregnancy can cause false negative results for vWD, but assessment can be performed at any point in the oestrous cycle of non‐pregnant bitches.  相似文献   

Echinococcus multilocularis infections in domestic dogs and cats from Germany and other European countries     

Dyachenko V  Pantchev N  Gawlowska S  Vrhovec MG  Bauer C 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,157(3-4):244-253

A cross-sectional survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis and E. granulosus infections in domestic dogs and cats from Germany and other European countries. Faecal samples of 21,588 dogs and 10,650 cats routinely submitted to a private veterinary laboratory between June 2004 and June 2005 were examined using the ZnSO(4)-NaCl flotation method. Taeniid eggs were detected in 54 (0.25%) and 37 (0.34%) of the canine and feline faecal samples, respectively. Taeniid eggs were separated and subjected to a DNA preparation and a modified two-step PCR for the detection of Echinococcus spp. based on mitochondrial 12S rRNA genes. PCR products from Echinococcus-negative but cestode-positive reactions were cloned and sequenced to determine the Taenia species. E. multilocularis DNA was specifically amplified in 43 (0.24%) and 25 (0.23%) of the samples from dogs and cats, respectively. E. granulosus DNA was not detected in any sample, while, E. multilocularis-positive samples were detected in dogs from Germany only, those of cats originated from Germany, Denmark and The Netherlands. The prevalence of E. multilocularis egg-positive canine samples was significantly higher in southern (0.35%) than in northern Germany (0.13%). In contrast, no significant regional difference was observed in cats from Germany. Taeniid eggs from Echinococcus-negative samples and from a few samples with macroscopically detected Taenia sp. proglottids were identified as eggs of T. crassiceps (n=8), T. martis, T. serialis, T. polyacantha, T. taeniaeformis and T. pisiformis in dogs (n=1 of each) and T. taeniaeformis (n=11) in cats. The spectrum of cestodes detected in domestic dogs and cats indicate the consumption of small rodents as infection source. The high proportion of E. multilocularis-positive samples, suggest domestic dogs and cats as a possible source of E. multilocularis infection for humans.  相似文献   

Evaluation the Clinitek status automated dipstick analysis device for semiquantitative testing of canine urine     

Bauer N  Rettig S  Moritz A 《Research in veterinary science》2008,85(3):467-472

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the Clinitek status™ analyser using Multistix10SG™/Microalbustix™ dipsticks (all: Siemens Dx) for canine urine (n = 101) compared to reference methods: visual reading (Combur9 dipstick, Roche), refractometry, microscopy, and quantitative protein/creatinine analysis (Pentra400, AxonLab). The automated analyses were done twice and visual tests were performed by two examiners.An excellent to good concordance was demonstrated between the first/second analysis with the Multistix10SG and the Combur9 dipstick, respectively with Cohen’s κ-values ranging from 0.776 to 1.000. Agreement between both dipsticks was good for glucose (κ = 0.753), blood (κ = 0.793), protein (κ = 0.788), and moderate for bilirubin (κ = 0.431) and ketones (κ = 0.540). In 6/101 specimens, false positive ketone reactions were obtained with the Multistix10SG™. Multistix10SG™ could not be used for determination of pyuria or specific gravity. Semiquantitative/quantitative protein results correlated well (ρ = 0.90) and creatinine measurements moderately (ρ = 0.76). Due to automated data transmission to the laboratory information system, the Clinitek status™ is of advantage in veterinary laboratories/clinics.  相似文献   

Antimicrobial stewardship in the dairy industry: responding to the threat of antimicrobial resistance     

JE Coombe  SM Tymms  M Humphris 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(7):231-232

Dairy Australia is the national service body for the Australian dairy industry. Its role is to help farmers adapt to a changing operating environment and achieve a profitable, sustainable dairy industry. Although the use of antibiotics in Australian agriculture is relatively low in global terms, Dairy Australia recognises important drivers for continuous improvement in antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). Dairy Australia’s first strategic priority is to support profitable farms. This priority has driven the development of a range of on‐farm change management programs in the animal health and welfare fields to optimise the unit cost of production and dairy cattle welfare. Dairy Australia’s third strategic priority is to further develop a ‘trusted dairy industry’. Previous and current work under these two strategies position the dairy industry favourably with respect to confronting the challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and supporting sound AMS with the guiding principle of ‘as little as possible, as much as necessary’. However, given an incomplete but ongoing threat of AMR, more work is needed. Supported by Dairy Australia, the dairy industry has developed an antimicrobial use strategy aligning with the Australian Animal Sector National AMR Plan 2018.  相似文献