Field evaluation of reduced insecticide spray programs for managing plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Alabama peaches     

Akotsen-Mensah C  Boozer RT  Fadamiro HY 《Pest management science》2011,67(6):626-632

BACKGROUND: Plum curculio (PC), Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst.), is an important pest of peaches in the southeastern United States. Commercially acceptable control of this insect is typically achieved by weekly or biweekly application of broad‐spectrum conventional insecticides, resulting in 6–12 sprays per season. Experiments were conducted in a peach orchard in Alabama during 2007–2009 to compare the conventional calendar‐based insecticide spray program involving weekly applications of phosmet with three different reduced spray programs using three targeted (well‐timed) insecticide sprays (TIS) of phosmet, permethrin or thiamethoxam applied in an alternated fashion. RESULTS: All three TIS programs significantly reduced PC damage at harvest compared with the untreated control in two of the three years (2008 and 2009). Fruit damage due to stink bugs, which are emerging pests of peaches in the region, was also significantly reduced in the TIS programs in both years. In a separate trial in which one of the TIS programs (three targeted sprays of phosmet) was evaluated in a larger peach block in 2009, percentage fruit damage due to PC increased from < 1% in June to ～4% in late July. CONCLUSION: All the TIS programs evaluated provided effective control of PC and represent potential alternatives to the conventional weekly spray program in peaches with concomitant reduction in insecticide usage and associated costs. However, an additional spray may be necessary for effective control of PC and stink bugs in late‐season peach varieties. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Mechanical ventilation and volutrauma: pros and cons of high lung volumes     

Pastore C  Pirrone F  Mazzola S  Clement MG  Albertini M 《Veterinary research communications》2008,32(Z1):S163-S165

  相似文献   

Effect of soil solution phosphorus on seedling growth of the pejibaye palm in an oxisol 1     

C. R. Clement  M. Habte 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(4):639-655

Two experiments were undertaken to determine the effect of mycorrhizal inoculation and soil solution phosphorus (P) concentration on the growth of pejibaye (Bactris gasipaes, Palmae) seedling progenies from two Amazonian populations in a Hawaiian Oxisol. Mycorrhizal colonization and effectiveness were insignificant, perhaps because of residual fumigant toxicity and apparent water stress. Soil solution P concentration had highly significant effects on seedling leaf number, leaf area, plant biomass, anthracnose damage to leaves, and growth and physiological parameters in both experiments. Genotype effects were significant in the experiment involving progenies from two different populations, but not in the experiment involving two progenies from the same population. Native soil solution P concentration in this Oxisol was insufficient for acceptable pejibaye growth, while 0.2 mg/L soil P gave very good growth.  相似文献   

Intravenous Infusion of Nitric Oxide in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension: Biotransformation and Haemodynamics     

Pirrone  F.  Albertini  M.  Mazzola  S.  Pastore  C.  Clement  M. G.  Benfatto  M. C.  Aldini  G.  Carini  M. 《Veterinary research communications》2007,31(1):185-187

Veterinary Research Communications - Pirrone, F., Albertini, M., Mazzola, S., Pastore, C., Clement, M.G., Benfatto, M.C., Aldini, G. and Carini, M., 2007. Intravenous infusion of nitric oxide in...  相似文献   

A wood densitometer using direct scanning with X-rays     

D. J. Cown  B. C. Clement 《Wood Science and Technology》1983,17(2):91-99

  相似文献   

The impact of prolonged hyperinsulinaemia on glucose transport in equine skeletal muscle and digital lamellae          下载免费PDF全文

M. A. de Laat  C. K. Clement  M. N. Sillence  C. M. McGowan  C. C. Pollitt  V. A. Lacombe 《Equine veterinary journal》2015,47(4):494-501

  相似文献   

Respiratory mechanics in Standardbred horses with sub-clinical inflammatory airway disease and poor athletic performance     

Pirrone F  Albertini M  Clement MG  Lafortuna CL 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,173(1):144-150

The aim of this study was to investigate and quantify respiratory mechanical dysfunctions in Standardbred horses with both poor performance and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology characteristic of inflammatory airway disease (IAD). A control group of healthy Standardbred horses was compared. Respiratory mechanics and breathing pattern were examined at rest and during hyperventilation induced using a rebreathing method. At rest, respiratory mechanics and breathing pattern were superimposable in both groups. In IAD horses, rebreathing increased ventilation, with larger tidal volumes and lower respiratory frequencies. During hyperventilation, IAD animals showed frequency-dependent dynamic lung compliance, and had greater viscous lung resistance and rate of dynamic work of breathing. As IAD alters pulmonary mechanics, the ventilatory load increases and horses requiring significantly higher energy for breathing may suffer restrictions in their athletic performance. This rebreathing method permits early evaluation of respiratory mechanical dysfunction in poorly performing horses with sub-clinical IAD.  相似文献   

Induction of systemic resistance to Agrobacterium tumefaciens by endophytic bacteria in grapevine     

Susan Asghari  Behrouz Harighi  Morahem Ashengroph  Christophe Clement  Aziz Aziz  Qassim Esmaeel  Essaid Ait Barka 《Plant pathology》2020,69(5):827-837

Crown gall disease of grapevine, caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, often results in severe economic loss to grape production worldwide. This study demonstrated the ability of the endophytic bacteria Pseudomonas sp. Sn48 and Pantoea sp. Sa14 isolated from domesticated and wild grapevines to induce resistance in both above- and belowground tissues of grapevines infected with A. tumefaciens. Our results provide evidence that both strains can colonize roots and/or shoots. We showed that the strains Pseudomonas sp. Sn48 and Pantoea sp. Sa14 are capable of inducing stilbenic phytoalexin production in grapevine tissues and to further prime plantlets for enhanced phytoalexin production after A. tumefaciens inoculation. We also showed that in the majority of treatments, polyamine accumulation remained unchanged or slightly increased in plantlets treated with Pseudomonas sp. Sn48 and Pantoea sp. Sa14 compared with the control. Our findings indicated that the levels of polyamines remain unchanged or significantly decrease in plantlets treated with endophytic bacteria after A. tumefaciens challenge compared to the control and plantlets treated with individual endophytic bacterial strains. PR1, PR2, and PR4 gene expression levels of plantlets treated with Pseudomonas sp. Sn48 and Pantoea sp. Sa14 significantly increased after A. tumefaciens inoculation. The findings revealed the efficacy of the selected endophytic bacteria in triggering grapevine resistance against A. tumefaciens and the possible use of these strains as an alternative to chemical control methods in grapevine crown gall disease management.  相似文献   

Nutritional value of dry‐extruded blends of seafood processing waste and plant‐protein feedstuffs in diets for juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus,L.)     

Fernando Yugo Yamamoto  Clement R. de Cruz  Waldemar Rossi  Delbert M. Gatlin 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(1):88-97

Six thermally processed blends were manufactured by dry‐extruding mixtures of seafood processing waste with either soybean meal (SBM) or distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) at three different ratios (50:50, 60:40 and 70:30; wet basis). To assess the energy and nutrient digestibility of each blend, a digestibility trial was conducted using advanced red drum juveniles (~70 g). After computing the apparent digestibility coefficients for the mixtures, a comparative feeding trial evaluated replacement of menhaden fishmeal (FM) on digestible protein (DP) and digestible energy (DE) bases with the manufactured blends. A diet formulated to derive 70% of DP from FM and 30% from SBM served as a Control. Groups of 14 fish were stocked in 21, 110‐L aquaria operating as a recirculating aquaculture system, and treatments were randomly distributed in triplicate. Weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed SBM 50:50, DDGS 50:50 and DDGS 60:40 were significantly lower compared to that of fish fed the Control diet. However, the inclusion of SBM 60:40, SBM 70:30 and DDGS 70:30 blends succeeded in partially replacing FM and reducing fish oil inclusion in the diet of red drum without compromising production performance.  相似文献   

Inhaled Carbon Monoxide (CO) Prevents Lung Oedema Induced by Endotoxic Shock     

Mazzola  S.  Forni  M.  Albertini  M.  Bacci  M.L.  Ciminaghi  B.  Lavitrano  M.  Seren  E.  Clement  M.G. 《Veterinary research communications》2004,28(1):209-212

Veterinary Research Communications -  相似文献