Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings in 92 cats with clinical signs of spinal cord disease     

Gonçalves R  Platt SR  Llabrés-Díaz FJ  Rogers KH  de Stefani A  Matiasek LA  Adams VJ 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2009,11(2):53-59

Medical records of 92 cats presented with clinical signs of spinal cord disease, which had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were reviewed. The cats were grouped into seven categories based upon the diagnosis suggested by results of MRI, cerebrospinal fluid analysis and other diagnostic procedures: neoplastic (n=25), inflammatory or infectious (n=13), traumatic (n=8), vascular (n=6), degenerative (n=5), anomalous (n=3) and those with an unremarkable MRI (n=32). There were two independent predictors of abnormal MRI findings: severity of clinical signs and presence of spinal pain. Abnormal MRI findings and speed of onset of disease were significantly associated with survival. For the 32 cats with unremarkable MRI findings, only nine died due to spinal disease and, therefore, the median survival time (MST) was not reached (lower 95% confidence interval (CI)=970 days). For the 60 cats with abnormal MRI findings, 37 died due to their disease and the MST was 138 days (95% CI: 7-807).  相似文献   

Modeling bleaching of tomato derivatives at subzero temperatures     

Manzocco L  Calligaris S  Nicoli MC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(4):1302-1308

This work was addressed to obtain a predictive model of the rate of bleaching in tomato derivatives at subzero temperatures. To this aim, a tomato puree was freeze-dried and equilibrated at increasing solid fractions. The bleaching rate was assessed by measuring tomato color during storage for up to 18 months at temperatures from -30 to 0 degrees C. The temperature dependence of the tomato-bleaching rate was neither predictable using the Arrhenius equation nor simply related to tomato physical state. The lack of a clear Arrhenius relation was attributed to the occurrence of temperature-dependent phenomena, such as ice crystallization and oxygen solubility modifications, which strongly changed the local concentration of reactants. A modified Arrhenius equation predicting the tomato-bleaching rate in the entire temperature range was proposed. Tomato concentration, and hence its physical state, affected the temperature dependence of bleaching, modifying apparent activation energy and frequency factor of the modified Arrhenius equation. In light of these considerations, a mathematical model was set up and validated to accurately predict the tomato-bleaching rate on the basis of only its concentration and storage temperature.  相似文献   

Trawl fishing impacts on the status of seabed fauna in diverse regions of the globe     

Tessa Mazor  C. Roland Pitcher  Wayne Rochester  Michel J. Kaiser  Jan G. Hiddink  Simon Jennings  Ricardo Amoroso  Robert A. McConnaughey  Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp  Ana M. Parma  Petri Suuronen  Jeremy Collie  Marija Sciberras  Lara Atkinson  Deon Durholtz  Jim R Ellis  Stefan G. Bolam  Michaela Schratzberger  Elena Couce  Jacqueline Eggleton  Clement Garcia  Paulus Kainge  Sarah Paulus  Johannes N. Kathena  Mayya Gogina  P. Daniël van Denderen  Aimee A. Keller  Beth H. Horness  Ray Hilborn 《Fish and Fisheries》2021,22(1):72-86

Bottom trawl fishing is a controversial activity. It yields about a quarter of the world's wild seafood, but also has impacts on the marine environment. Recent advances have quantified and improved understanding of large‐scale impacts of trawling on the seabed. However, such information needs to be coupled with distributions of benthic invertebrates (benthos) to assess whether these populations are being sustained under current trawling regimes. This study collated data from 13 diverse regions of the globe spanning four continents. Within each region, we combined trawl intensity distributions and predicted abundance distributions of benthos groups with impact and recovery parameters for taxonomic classes in a risk assessment model to estimate benthos status. The exposure of 220 predicted benthos‐group distributions to trawling intensity (as swept area ratio) ranged between 0% and 210% (mean = 37%) of abundance. However, benthos status, an indicator of the depleted abundance under chronic trawling pressure as a proportion of untrawled state, ranged between 0.86 and 1 (mean = 0.99), with 78% of benthos groups > 0.95. Mean benthos status was lowest in regions of Europe and Africa, and for taxonomic classes Bivalvia and Gastropoda. Our results demonstrate that while spatial overlap studies can help infer general patterns of potential risk, actual risks cannot be evaluated without using an assessment model that incorporates trawl impact and recovery metrics. These quantitative outputs are essential for sustainability assessments, and together with reference points and thresholds, can help managers ensure use of the marine environment is sustainable under the ecosystem approach to management.  相似文献   

Investigations into the thiamine and riboflavin content of malt and the effects of malting and roasting on their final content     

Barry Hucker  Lara WakelingFrank Vriesekoop 《Journal of Cereal Science》2012

A simple and effective method for the analysis of thiamine (B₁) and riboflavin (B₂) vitamers, in unmalted and malted grains, by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed. This method makes use of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) as an extraction medium to effectively clean up the sample and analyze the vitamer content with high accuracy (R² > 0.9992; %RSD < 5%). This method was employed in the routine analysis of a wide range of malted and unmalted grains, and it was found that lighter colored malts contain higher concentrations (2–5 times higher) of thiamine and riboflavin vitamers compared to darker colored malts. The malting process has no effect on the overall riboflavin content; however, both steeping and kilning processes cause increases in thiamine vitamer content. Roasting profiles show that thiamine and riboflavin vitamer concentrations are significantly effected when the temperature reaches 120 °C, which explains why roasted products have lower vitamer content than paler malts.  相似文献   

The Reuse of Water on the Culture of Pacific White Shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei,in BFT System     

Dariano Krummenauer  Tzachi Samocha  Luis Poersch  Gabriele Lara  Wilson Wasielesky 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2014,45(1):3-14

The use of the same water over multiple culture cycles in a biofloc technology system can be highly beneficial. This study evaluated the effect of different levels of biofloc‐rich water on selected water quality indicators and on the productive performance of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, juveniles (3.5 g) stocked at 312 juveniles/m³ and cultured under conditions of no water exchange. The study was performed over a 30‐d period in an 800‐L tank system. A total of four biofloc enrichment levels (25, 50, 75, and 100%) and control (0%) were tested with three replicates each. Significant differences in nitrogen compounds were found between the biofloc‐enriched water and the zero‐enrichment treatment. No statistically significant differences among the biofloc‐enriched treatments were found in survival, final weight (8.25 g), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.08). The shrimp raised in clear seawater (i.e., a 0% biofloc enrichment) were significantly smaller (7.37 g vs. 8.25 g) and showed a higher FCR (1.52 vs. 1.08) than the shrimp cultured in the biofloc‐rich water. Nevertheless, no differences in yields were found between treatments. The results of this study suggest that culture in biofloc‐enriched water produces higher levels of water quality and shrimp performance than culture in natural seawater.  相似文献   

Retrospective evaluation of 155 adult equids and 21 foals with tetanus in Western,Northern, and Central Europe (2000–2014). Part 1: Description of history and clinical evolution          下载免费PDF全文

Gaby van Galen DVM  PhD  DECEIM  DECVECC  Claude Saegerman DVM  PhD  DECVPH  Joke Rijckaert DVM  Helene Amory DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Lara Armengou DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Barbora Bezdekova DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Inge Durie DVM  DECEIM  Rikke Findshøj Delany DVM  Nathalie Fouché DVM  DVM  Laura Haley MVB  Michael Hewetson BVSc  DECEIM  Rene van den Hoven DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Anna Kendall DVM  DECEIM  Fernando Malalana DVM  DECEIM  MRCVS  Jessika Muller Cavalleri DVM  DECEIM  PhD  Tresemiek Picavet DVM  DECEIM  PhD  Katja Roscher DVM  DECEIM  Denis Verwilghen DVM  PhD  DECVS  Meret Wehrli Eser DVM  DECEIM  Cornélie Westermann DVM  PhD  DECEIM  Tim Mair BVSc  PhD  DECEIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2017,27(6):684-696

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Xylem traits in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) display a large plasticity in response to canopy release     

Estelle Noyer  Barbara Lachenbruch  Jana Dlouhá  Catherine Collet  Julien Ruelle  François Ningre  Meriem Fournier 《Annals of Forest Science》2017,74(2):46

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Differential responses of the mosquito Aedes albopictus from the Indian Ocean region to two chikungunya isolates     

Estelle Martin  Sara Moutailler  Yoann Madec  Anna-Bella Failloux 《BMC ecology》2010,10(1):8

Background  

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are both vectors of chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The two Aedes species co-exist in the Indian Ocean region and were involved in the 2005-2006 CHIKV outbreaks. In the Reunion Island, a single mutation in the viral envelope has been selected that leads to high levels of replication in Ae. albopictus, and a short extrinsic incubation period as the virus could be found in saliva as early as two days after infection. An important question is whether this variant is associated with adverse effects impacting some mosquito life-history traits such as survival and reproduction.  相似文献   

Whole genome sequencing of enriched chloroplast DNA using the Illumina GAII platform     

Robin A Atherton  Bennet J McComish  Lara D Shepherd  Lorraine A Berry  Nick W Albert  Peter J Lockhart 《Plant methods》2010,6(1):22

Background  

Complete chloroplast genome sequences provide a valuable source of molecular markers for studies in molecular ecology and evolution of plants. To obtain complete genome sequences, recent studies have made use of the polymerase chain reaction to amplify overlapping fragments from conserved gene loci. However, this approach is time consuming and can be more difficult to implement where gene organisation differs among plants. An alternative approach is to first isolate chloroplasts and then use the capacity of high-throughput sequencing to obtain complete genome sequences. We report our findings from studies of the latter approach, which used a simple chloroplast isolation procedure, multiply-primed rolling circle amplification of chloroplast DNA, Illumina Genome Analyzer II sequencing, and de novo assembly of paired-end sequence reads.  相似文献   

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of gold nanoparticles functionalized with amine-terminated alkanethiols     

Techane SD  Gamble LJ  Castner DG 《Biointerphases》2011,6(3):98

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with a short chain amine-terminated alkanethiol (HS-(CH(2))(2)NH(2) or C2 NH(2)-thiol) are prepared via a direct synthesis method and then ligand-exchanged with a long chain amine-terminated alkanethiol (HS-(CH(2))(11)NH(2) or C11 NH(2)-thiol). Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed the AuNPs were relatively spherical with a median diameter of 24.2?±?4.3 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine surface chemistry of the functionalized and purified AuNPs. The ligand-exchange process was monitored within the time range from 30 min to 61 days. By the fourth day of exchange all the C2 NH(2)-thiol molecules had been replaced by C11 NH(2)-thiol molecules. C11 NH(2)-thiol molecules continued to be incorporated into the C11 NH(2) self-assembled monolayer between days 4 and 14 of ligand-exchange. As the length of the exchange time increased, the functionalized AuNPs became more stable against aggregation. The samples were purified by a centrifugation and resuspension method. The C2 NH(2) covered AuNPs aggregated immediately when purification was attempted. The C11 NH(2) covered AuNPs could be purified with minimal or no aggregation. Small amounts of unbound thiol (～15%) and oxidized sulfur (～20%) species were detected on the ligand-exchanged AuNPs. Some of the unbound thiol and all of the oxidized sulfur could be removed by treating the functionalized AuNPs with HCl.  相似文献