Inheritance of tuber greening under light exposure in diploid potatoes   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Henryka Jakuczun  Ewa Zimnoch-Guzowska 《American Journal of Potato Research》2006,83(3):211-221

Low tendency to tuber greening under light exposure is a desirable trait for marketing and processing potatoes. Knowledge of the genetic basis of this trait is limited. During two consecutive years tuber greening after 2-week light exposure was evaluated on 17 unselected diploid potato families obtained between parents with varying tuber-greening tendencies. Parents of these families and standard cultivars were evaluated at the same time. External and depth of tuber greening were examined after tubers were exposed to 2 weeks of light in the greenhouse followed by storage at 10 C, 4 C, and after reconditioning at 18 C. Families, storage conditions, and years significantly influenced tuber greening. Distribution of greening indicated it would be possible to select individuals with very low tuber-greening tendency. Generally, external tuber greening was more intense than depth of greening. External tuber greening increased during storage while depth of tuber greening decreased. A significant maternal effect on external tuber greening was found in one of the three sets of reciprocal crosses after storage at 4 C. Both general and specific combining abilities were important in the inheritance of tuber greening. The correlations between external and depth of tuber greening in most families were significant and relatively high. The results indicated that genotypes with low tendency to tuber greening can be selected in diploid families.  相似文献   

Changes of the lipid catabolism in potato tubers from cultivars differing in susceptibility to autolysis during the storage     

Ewa Łojkowska  Maria Hołubowska 《Potato Research》1989,32(4):463-470

Summary The activities of lipolytic acyl-hydrolases (LAH) and lipoxygenases (LOX) were compared in stored tubers of potato cultivars resistant (Acresta, Eba, Pentland Envoy) and susceptible (Kastor, Pana, Tasso) to post-wounding autolysis. In most cultivars, LAH activities had reached a maximum by the end of December but in cv. Kastor activity continued to increase throughout the storage period. LOX activities increased during most of the storage period except in cv. Tasso. The level of the fatty acid hydroperoxides, assumed from determinations of the malonaldehyde level, also increased during storage. This work was supported by Project CPBP 05.02.2.10 financed by the Polish Academy of Science.  相似文献   

Predicting the Concentration of Total Mercury in Mineral Horizons of Forest Soils Varying in Organic Matter and Mineral Fine Fraction Content     

Gruba  Piotr  Błońska  Ewa  Lasota  Jarosław 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2014,225(4):1-14

In this study, an artificial neural networks (ANN) model was developed to predict the removal of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), namely, naphthalene from marine oily wastewater by using UV irradiation. The removal rate was used as model output and simulated as a function of five independent input variables, including fluence rate, salinity, temperature, initial concentration and reaction time. The configuration of the ANN model was optimized as a three-layer feed-forward Levenberg–Marquardt backpropagation network with log-sigmoid and linear transfer functions at the hidden (12 hidden neurons) and output layers, respectively. By considering goodness-of-fit and cross validated predictability, the ANN model was trained to provide good overall agreement with experimental results with a slope of 0.97 and a correlation of determination (R ²) of 0.943. Sensitivity analysis revealed that fluence rate and temperature were the most influential variables, followed by reaction time, salinity and initial concentration. The findings of this study showed that neural network modeling could effectively predict the behavior of the photo-induced PAH degradation process.  相似文献   

An Outlook on the Localisation and Structure-Function Relationships of R Proteins in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Solanum</Emphasis>   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Erik Slootweg  Wladimir Tameling  Jan Roosien  Ewa Lukasik  Matthieu Joosten  Frank Takken  Jaap Bakker  Aska Goverse 《Potato Research》2009,52(3):229-235

The co-evolution of plants and plant-pathogens shaped a multi-layered defence system in plants, in which Resistance proteins (R proteins) play a significant role. A fundamental understanding of the functioning of these R proteins and their position in the broader defence system of the plant is essential. Sub-project 3 of the BIOEXPLOIT programme studies how R proteins are activated upon effector recognition and how recognition is conveyed in resistance signalling pathways, using the solanaceous R proteins Rx1 (from S. tuberosum spp. andigena; conferring extreme resistance against Potato Virus X), I-2 (from S. lycopersicon; mediating resistance to Fusarium oxysporum) and Mi-1.2 (from S. lycopersicon; conferring resistance to Meloidogyne incognita) as model systems. The results obtained in this project will serve as a model for other R proteins and will be translated to potential applications or alternative strategies for disease resistance. These include the modification of the recognition specificity of R proteins with the aim to obtain broad spectrum resistance to major pathogens in potato.  相似文献   

Genes responsible for coronatine synthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas syringae</Emphasis> present in the genome of soft rot bacteria     

Monika Slawiak  Ewa Lojkowska 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,124(2):353-361

Primers for the PCR amplification of homologous genes encoding polyketide coronafacic acid and coronafacic ligase in the cells of Pectobacterium atrosepticum SCRI1043 (BX950851) were developed to study the presence of these genes in the genome of Pectobacterium sp. and Dickeya sp. Coronafacic ligase catalyses the formation of coronatine from polyketide coronafacic acid and coronamic acid. Coronatine is a toxin produced by Pseudomonas syringae and is one of the major virulence factors in this bacterium. This study using several strains of P. atrosepticum, P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and Dickeya sp. isolated in different countries, indicated that all strains of P. atrosepticum possess genes coding coronafacic acid (cfa gene cluster) and coronafacic ligase (cfl). However, these genes were present only in the genome of five out of 50 tested P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum strains and two out of 34 strains of Dickeya sp. tested. The PCR products homologous to the sequence of cfa7 and cfl gene fragments were sequenced in order to check the level of homology between genes of P. atrosepticum, P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and Dickeya sp. The sequences of the gene fragments amplified from all P. atrosepticum strains were almost identical (100% and 99.97%, respectively). The homology of the sequences obtained for P. atrosepticum and sequences of five P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and two Dickeya sp. was lower, between 89.69% to 95.00% for the cfl gene fragment, and about 94% for the cfa7 gene fragment.  相似文献   

Production and characterization of “second generation” somatic hybrids derived from protoplast fusion between interspecific somatohaploid and dihaploidSolanum tuberosum L.     

Veli-Matti Rokka  Jari P. T. Valkonen  Airi Tauriainen  Leena Pietilä  Renata Lebecka  Ewa Zimnoch-Guzowska  Eija Pehu 《American Journal of Potato Research》2000,77(3):149-159

Protoplasts were fused to produce somatic hybrids between a triploid (2n=3x=32-34) interspecific somatohaploid betweenSolanum brevidens Phil. andS. tuberosum L., and a dihaploid (2n=2x=24) anther-derived line ofS. tuberosum cv. Van Gogh. A total of 265 plants were regenerated from protoplast fusion derived calli and their hybridity was verified using fusion partner specific RAPD markers. These “second generation” somatic hybrids were aneuploid pentaploids (2n=5x=51-65) with a 2C DNA content ranging from 3.36 to 4.43 pg, which corresponded to the sum of the 2C values of each of the fusion partners (somatohaploid: 2.22 pg; and the dihaploid line of cv. Van Gogh: 1.87 pg). Most of the “second generation” somatic hybrids were vigorous, but variable in morphology. They were extremely resistant to PLRV and they had tolerance to PVY infection derived from the somatohaploid fusion partner. Even though most of the “second generation” hybrids tuberized, the tuber morphology was variable and most were poorly shaped. InErwinia soft rot resistance tests, the tubers showed higher level of resistance than the tetraploidS. tuberosum cultivars, the dihaploidS. tuberosum fusion partners and the hexaploid somatic hybrids betweenS. brevidens andS. tuberosum. The “second generation” somatic hybrids were all male sterile and failed to produce berries or seeds.  相似文献   

Honey as the Potential Natural Source of Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Alzheimer’s Disease     

Baranowska-Wójcik  Ewa  Szwajgier  Dominik  Winiarska-Mieczan  Anna 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(1):30-32

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized, among others by abnormal levels of acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase in...  相似文献   

Problems of implementing compulsory integrated pest management     

Ewa Matyjaszczyk 《Pest management science》2019,75(8):2063-2067

Compulsory integrated pest management poses a number of challenges and issues for debate. Some of are discussed with reference to European Union requirements set out in Annex III of Directive 128/2009. Requirements on the use of plant protection products bring with them problems with dose reduction in the light of a resistance prevention strategy, the lack of threshold levels, the necessity of chemical treatments and the limited availability of effective products of biological origin. Use of preventive measures of pest control faces barriers related to profitability and a lack of knowledge on the part of farmers. Challenges to control the system, as well as the fact that some legally enforced rules are not suitable for all crops, seem also to be an issue. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Sediment load variability in response to climate and land use changes in a Carpathian catchment (Raba River,Poland)     

Szalińska  Ewa  Orlińska-Woźniak  Paulina  Wilk  Paweł 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(6):2641-2652

Journal of Soils and Sediments - This study analyzes the variability of sediment loads under variant climate change and land use scenarios in a Carpathian catchment with a dam reservoir. The areas...  相似文献   

增施氮肥和地面管理对酸樱桃园土壤营养状况的影响     

杨朝选  Ewa Jadczuk 《果树学报》2000,17(1)

在一个连续进行了 ８年Ｎ肥定位试验的酸樱桃园,调查了每年施用 Ｎ６０ ｋｇ· ｈｍ~(－２)和行间生草制对土壤营养状况的影响。结果表明：在肥沃土壤里ＮＨ_４~＋是速效Ｎ的主要存在形式,而ＮＯ_３~－的含量很低。生草地土壤中含有较多的 ＮＨ_４~－,而清耕带土壤中含有较多的 ＮＯ_３~－。施肥增加土壤速效 Ｎ的含量。土壤 ＮＯ_３~－的季节性变化表明 ５至 ６月份土壤中 ＮＯ_３~－的含量高,而花前和 ７月份土壤中 ＮＯ_３~－含量低。 Ｐ、Ｋ在清耕带 １０ ｃｍ以下土壤的含量低于生草地土壤,但在 ０～ １０ｃｍ土层中Ｋ的含量高于生草地。Ｐ的含量不受影响。施Ｎ减少了土壤Ｐ、Ｋ的含量。土壤中Ｍｇ的含量分布均匀,不受施Ｎ和地面管理制度的影响。  相似文献